hacktricks/windows-hardening/lateral-movement/wmiexec.md

# WmiExec

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## How It Works Explained

Mchakato unaweza kufunguliwa kwenye mwenyeji ambapo jina la mtumiaji na ama nenosiri au hash vinajulikana kupitia matumizi ya WMI. Amri zinafanywa kwa kutumia WMI na Wmiexec, ikitoa uzoefu wa shell wa nusu-interactive.

**dcomexec.py:** Kutumia mwisho tofauti wa DCOM, skripti hii inatoa shell ya nusu-interactive inayofanana na wmiexec.py, ikitumia hasa kitu cha DCOM cha ShellBrowserWindow. Hivi sasa inasaidia MMC20. Maombi, Windows za Shell, na vitu vya Shell Browser Window. (chanzo: [Hacking Articles](https://www.hackingarticles.in/beginners-guide-to-impacket-tool-kit-part-1/))

## WMI Fundamentals

### Namespace

Imeundwa katika muundo wa hierarchi ya directory, kontena la juu la WMI ni \root, chini ambayo directories za ziada, zinazojulikana kama namespaces, zimepangwa. 
Amri za kuorodhesha namespaces:
```bash
# Retrieval of Root namespaces
gwmi -namespace "root" -Class "__Namespace" | Select Name

# Enumeration of all namespaces (administrator privileges may be required)
Get-WmiObject -Class "__Namespace" -Namespace "Root" -List -Recurse 2> $null | select __Namespace | sort __Namespace

# Listing of namespaces within "root\cimv2"
Get-WmiObject -Class "__Namespace" -Namespace "root\cimv2" -List -Recurse 2> $null | select __Namespace | sort __Namespace
```
Darasa ndani ya namespace linaweza kuorodheshwa kwa kutumia:
```bash
gwmwi -List -Recurse # Defaults to "root\cimv2" if no namespace specified
gwmi -Namespace "root/microsoft" -List -Recurse
```
### **Darasa**

Kujua jina la darasa la WMI, kama win32\_process, na nafasi ambayo linaishi ni muhimu kwa operesheni yoyote ya WMI. 
Amri za kuorodhesha madarasa yanayoanza na `win32`:
```bash
Get-WmiObject -Recurse -List -class win32* | more # Defaults to "root\cimv2"
gwmi -Namespace "root/microsoft" -List -Recurse -Class "MSFT_MpComput*"
```
Mwaliko wa darasa:
```bash
# Defaults to "root/cimv2" when namespace isn't specified
Get-WmiObject -Class win32_share
Get-WmiObject -Namespace "root/microsoft/windows/defender" -Class MSFT_MpComputerStatus
```
### Methods

Mbinu, ambazo ni moja au zaidi ya kazi zinazotekelezeka za madarasa ya WMI, zinaweza kutekelezwa.
```bash
# Class loading, method listing, and execution
$c = [wmiclass]"win32_share"
$c.methods
# To create a share: $c.Create("c:\share\path","name",0,$null,"My Description")
```

```bash
# Method listing and invocation
Invoke-WmiMethod -Class win32_share -Name Create -ArgumentList @($null, "Description", $null, "Name", $null, "c:\share\path",0)
```
## WMI Enumeration

### WMI Service Status

Amri za kuthibitisha ikiwa huduma ya WMI inafanya kazi:
```bash
# WMI service status check
Get-Service Winmgmt

# Via CMD
net start | findstr "Instrumentation"
```
### Taarifa za Mfumo na Mchakato

Kukusanya taarifa za mfumo na mchakato kupitia WMI:
```bash
Get-WmiObject -ClassName win32_operatingsystem | select * | more
Get-WmiObject win32_process | Select Name, Processid
```
Kwa washambuliaji, WMI ni chombo chenye nguvu cha kuorodhesha data nyeti kuhusu mifumo au maeneo.
```bash
wmic computerystem list full /format:list
wmic process list /format:list
wmic ntdomain list /format:list
wmic useraccount list /format:list
wmic group list /format:list
wmic sysaccount list /format:list
```
Remote querying of WMI for specific information, such as local admins or logged-on users, is feasible with careful command construction.

### **Manual Remote WMI Querying**

Stealthy identification of local admins on a remote machine and logged-on users can be achieved through specific WMI queries. `wmic` piafa pia inasaidia kusoma kutoka kwa faili la maandiko ili kutekeleza amri kwenye nodi nyingi kwa wakati mmoja.

To remotely execute a process over WMI, such as deploying an Empire agent, the following command structure is employed, with successful execution indicated by a return value of "0":
```bash
wmic /node:hostname /user:user path win32_process call create "empire launcher string here"
```
Hii mchakato inaonyesha uwezo wa WMI wa utekelezaji wa mbali na uainishaji wa mfumo, ikisisitiza matumizi yake kwa usimamizi wa mfumo na pentesting.

## References
* [https://blog.ropnop.com/using-credentials-to-own-windows-boxes-part-3-wmi-and-winrm/](https://blog.ropnop.com/using-credentials-to-own-windows-boxes-part-2-psexec-and-services/)

## Automatic Tools

* [**SharpLateral**](https://github.com/mertdas/SharpLateral):

{% code overflow="wrap" %}
```bash
SharpLateral redwmi HOSTNAME C:\\Users\\Administrator\\Desktop\\malware.exe
```
{% endcode %}

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