hacktricks/pentesting-web/xss-cross-site-scripting/dom-invader.md

# DOM Invader

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## DOM Invader

DOM Invader is a browser tool installed in Burp's inbuilt browser. It assists in **detecting DOM XSS vulnerabilities** using various sources and sinks, including web messages and prototype pollution. The tool is preinstalled as an extension.

DOM Invader integrates a tab within the browser's DevTools panel enabling the following:

1. **Identification of controllable sinks** on a webpage for DOM XSS testing, providing context and sanitization details.
2. **Logging, editing, and resending web messages** sent via the `postMessage()` method for DOM XSS testing. DOM Invader can also auto-detect vulnerabilities using specially crafted web messages.
3. Detection of **client-side prototype pollution** sources and scanning of controllable gadgets sent to risky sinks.
4. Identification of **DOM clobbering vulnerabilities**.

### Enable It

In the Burp's builtin browser go to the **Burp extension** and enable it:

<figure><img src="../../.gitbook/assets/image (4).png" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

Noe refresh the page and in the **Dev Tools** you will find the **DOM Invader tab:**

<figure><img src="../../.gitbook/assets/image (3).png" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

### Inject a Canary

In the previous image you can see a **random group of chars, that is the Canary**. You should now start **injecting** it in different parts of the web (params, forms, url...) and each time click search it. DOM Invader will check if the **canary ended in any interesting sink** that could be exploited.

Moreover, the options **Inject URL params** and Inject forms will automatically open a **new tab** **injecting** the **canary** in every **URL** param and **form** it finds.

### Inject an empty Canary

If you just want to find potential sinks the page might have, even if they aren't exploitable, you can **search for an empty canary**.

### Post Messages

DOM Invader allows testing for DOM XSS using web messages with features such as:

1. **Logging web messages** sent via `postMessage()`, akin to Burp Proxy's HTTP request/response history logging.
2. **Modification** and **reissue** of web messages to manually test for DOM XSS, similar to Burp Repeater's function.
3. **Automatic alteration** and sending of web messages for probing DOM XSS.

#### Message details

You can click each message to view more detailed information about it, including whether the `origin`, `data`, or `source` properties of the message are accessed by the client-side JavaScript.

* **`origin`** : If the **origin information of the message is not check**, you may be able to send cross-origin messages to the event handler **from an arbitrary external domain**. But if it's checked it still could be insecure.
* **`data`**: This is where the payload is sent. If this data is not used, the sink is useless.
* **`source`**: Evaluates if the source property, usually referencing an iframe, is validated instead of the origin. Even if this is checked, it doesn't assure the validation can't be bypassed.

#### Reply a message

1. From the **Messages** view, click on any message to open the message details dialog.
2. Edit the **Data** field as required.
3. Click **Send**.

### Prototype Pollution

DOM Invader can also search for **Prototype Pollution vulnerabilities**. First, you need to enable it:

<figure><img src="../../.gitbook/assets/image (5).png" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

Then, it will **search for sources** that enable you to add arbitrary properties to the **`Object.prototype`**.

If anything is found a **Test** button will appear to **test the found source**. Click on it, a new tab will appear, create an object in the console and check if the `testproperty` exists:

```javascript
let b = {}
b.testproperty
```

Once you found a source you can **scan for a gadget**:

1. From the **DOM** view, click the **Scan for gadgets** button next to any prototype pollution source that DOM Invader has found. DOM Invader opens a new tab and starts scanning for suitable gadgets.
2. In the same tab, open the **DOM Invader** tab in the DevTools panel. Once the scan is finished, the **DOM** view displays any sinks that DOM Invader was able to access via the identified gadgets. In the example below, a gadget property called `html` was passed to the `innerHTML` sink.

## DOM clobbering

In the previous image it's possible to see that DOM clobbering scan can be turned on. Once done, **DOM Invader will start searching for DOM clobbering vulnerabilities**.

## References

* [https://portswigger.net/burp/documentation/desktop/tools/dom-invader](https://portswigger.net/burp/documentation/desktop/tools/dom-invader)
* [https://portswigger.net/burp/documentation/desktop/tools/dom-invader/enabling](https://portswigger.net/burp/documentation/desktop/tools/dom-invader/enabling)
* [https://portswigger.net/burp/documentation/desktop/tools/dom-invader/dom-xss](https://portswigger.net/burp/documentation/desktop/tools/dom-invader/dom-xss)
* [https://portswigger.net/burp/documentation/desktop/tools/dom-invader/web-messages](https://portswigger.net/burp/documentation/desktop/tools/dom-invader/web-messages)
* [https://portswigger.net/burp/documentation/desktop/tools/dom-invader/prototype-pollution](https://portswigger.net/burp/documentation/desktop/tools/dom-invader/prototype-pollution)
* [https://portswigger.net/burp/documentation/desktop/tools/dom-invader/dom-clobbering](https://portswigger.net/burp/documentation/desktop/tools/dom-invader/dom-clobbering)

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