mirror of
https://github.com/The-Art-of-Hacking/h4cker
synced 2024-11-10 05:34:12 +00:00
Create UFW_cheat_sheet.md
This commit is contained in:
Omar Santos
GitHub
parent
8033241d09
commit
08fceb6105
1 changed files with 226 additions and 0 deletions
226
cheat_sheets/UFW_cheat_sheet.md
Normal file
226
cheat_sheets/UFW_cheat_sheet.md
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,226 @@
|
|||
# UFW: Uncomplicated Firewall — Cheat Sheet
|
||||
|
||||
## Installation
|
||||
If you are using Ubuntu then UFW will be installed by default. If you are using Debian or a derivative, then you can install UFW by entering the following
|
||||
```
|
||||
root@host:~# apt-get install ufw
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
UFW is not available in CentOS, and although you can install it from source, that is outside the scope of this tutorial.
|
||||
|
||||
## Checking status
|
||||
When you check the status, UFW will either tell you that it is inactive,
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
root@host:~# ufw status
|
||||
Status: inactive
|
||||
```
|
||||
or it will tell you it is active and list the firewall rules.
|
||||
```
|
||||
root@host:~# ufw status
|
||||
Status: active
|
||||
To Action From
|
||||
-- ------ ----
|
||||
22/tcp ALLOW Anywhere
|
||||
22/tcp (v6) ALLOW Anywhere (v6)
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
Rules can also be numbered, which is particularly useful when you wish to delete one.
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
root@host:~# ufw status numbered
|
||||
Status: active
|
||||
To Action From -- ------ ----
|
||||
[ 1] WWW Full ALLOW IN Anywhere
|
||||
[ 2] WWW Full (v6) ALLOW IN Anywhere (v6)
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
Not that if you have no rules enables, you will just be told it is active
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
root@host:~# ufw status
|
||||
Status: active
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
## Enable and disable
|
||||
Enabling and disabling are from the following commands. Warning; if you are working on a remote system, allow the SSH rule before you enable UFW or you risk losing your shell access.
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
root@host:~# ufw enable
|
||||
Firewall is active and enabled on system startup
|
||||
root@host:~# ufw disable
|
||||
Firewall stopped and disabled on system startup
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
## Deleting rules
|
||||
The easiest way to delete a rule is to delete it by number, but you can also delete it by definition.
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
root@host:~# ufw status numbered
|
||||
Status: active
|
||||
To Action From -- ------ ----
|
||||
[ 1] 22/tcp ALLOW IN Anywhere
|
||||
[ 2] 22/tcp (v6) ALLOW IN Anywhere (v6)
|
||||
```
|
||||
Note that as there are 2 rules (ipv4 and ipv6) for every pre-defined service, delete will only remove the rule for one protocol.
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
root@host:~# ufw delete 2
|
||||
Deleting:
|
||||
allow 22/tcp
|
||||
Proceed with operation (y|n)? y
|
||||
Rule deleted (v6)
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
## Logging
|
||||
Logging is on by default, but can rapidly fill your log files with noise. Enable and disable thusly
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
root@host:~# ufw logging on
|
||||
Logging enabled
|
||||
root@host:~# ufw logging off
|
||||
Logging disabled
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
You can also change the logging levels if necessary, but low is the default.
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
root@host:~# ufw logging medium
|
||||
Logging enabled
|
||||
Pre-defined rules
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
One of the strengths for sysadmins who may only infrequently change firewall rules is the set of pre-defined rules that UFW ships with. These obviously assume that you are running services on default ports and will NOT work if you have tried to obfuscate by assigning non-default ports. They also assume you will be allowing ALL traffic to these port (see later for how to restrict traffic sources and destinations.
|
||||
```
|
||||
root@host:~# ufw app list
|
||||
Available applications:
|
||||
AIM
|
||||
Bonjour
|
||||
CIFS
|
||||
CUPS
|
||||
DNS
|
||||
Deluge
|
||||
IMAP
|
||||
IMAPS
|
||||
IPP
|
||||
KTorrent
|
||||
Kerberos Admin
|
||||
Kerberos Full
|
||||
Kerberos KDC
|
||||
Kerberos Password
|
||||
LDAP
|
||||
LDAPS
|
||||
LPD
|
||||
MSN
|
||||
MSN SSL
|
||||
Mail submission
|
||||
NFS
|
||||
POP3
|
||||
POP3S
|
||||
PeopleNearby
|
||||
SMTP
|
||||
SSH
|
||||
Socks
|
||||
Telnet
|
||||
Transmission
|
||||
Transparent Proxy
|
||||
VNC
|
||||
WWW
|
||||
WWW Cache
|
||||
WWW Full
|
||||
WWW Secure
|
||||
XMPP
|
||||
Yahoo
|
||||
qBittorrent
|
||||
svnserve
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
You can see a full list of these and their definitions in /etc/ufw/applications.d.
|
||||
|
||||
## SSH
|
||||
If you are running a remote server, you almost certainly want this rule enabled.
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
root@host:~# ufw allow ssh
|
||||
Rule added
|
||||
Rule added (v6)
|
||||
root@host:~# ufw status
|
||||
Status: active
|
||||
To Action From
|
||||
-- ------ ----
|
||||
22/tcp ALLOW Anywhere
|
||||
22/tcp (v6) ALLOW Anywhere (v6)
|
||||
http(s)
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
You can enable both port 80 (http) and 443 (https) in one go with the following command, but there are options to only enable one
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
root@host:~# ufw allow www\ full
|
||||
Rules updated
|
||||
Rules updated (v6)
|
||||
root@host:~# ufw status
|
||||
[sudo] password for simon:
|
||||
Status: active
|
||||
To Action From
|
||||
-- ------ ----
|
||||
WWW Full ALLOW Anywhere
|
||||
WWW Full (v6) ALLOW Anywhere (v6)
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
## More complex usage
|
||||
Port and protocol
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
root@host:~# ufw allow 45/tcp
|
||||
Rule added
|
||||
Rule added (v6)
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
### Source and Destination
|
||||
Allow only from an IP
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
root@host:~# ufw allow from 192.168.1.1 port 62
|
||||
Rule added
|
||||
root@host:~# ufw status
|
||||
Status: active
|
||||
To Action From
|
||||
-- ------ ----
|
||||
Anywhere ALLOW 192.168.1.1 62
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
Allow only to a certain local interface
|
||||
```
|
||||
root@host:~# ufw allow to 127.0.0.2 port 62
|
||||
Rule added
|
||||
root@host:~# ufw status
|
||||
Status: active
|
||||
To Action From
|
||||
-- ------ ----
|
||||
127.0.0.2 62 ALLOW Anywhere
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
### Protocol only
|
||||
|
||||
If you have followed my ipsec tutorial, you will need the firewall ports open to establish the key exchange – this is one of the few protolcols which do not require a port number.
|
||||
```
|
||||
root@host:~# ufw allow to 127.0.0.3 proto esp
|
||||
Rule added
|
||||
|
||||
root@host:~# ufw allow to 127.0.0.3 proto ah
|
||||
Rule added
|
||||
root@host:~# ufw status
|
||||
Status: active
|
||||
To Action From
|
||||
-- ------ ----
|
||||
127.0.0.3/esp ALLOW Anywhere
|
||||
127.0.0.3/ah ALLOW Anywhere
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
Note that you need a destination in this instance.
|
||||
Loading…
Reference in a new issue