support making fish code match the style guide

This changes implements two new make targets: `style` and `style-all`. These
make it easy to ensure that a change conforms to the project style guides for
C++ and fish code.

Fixes #571

.clang-format

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+# Use the Google style with these modifications:
+#
+# 1) lines can be up to 100 chars long rather than 80, and
+# 2) use a four space indent rather than two spaces.
+#
+BasedOnStyle: Google
+ColumnLimit: 100
+IndentWidth: 4

CONTRIBUTING.md

@@ -1,13 +1,57 @@
 # Guidelines For Developers
 
+This document provides guidelines for making changes to the fish-shell project. This includes rules for how to format the code, naming conventions, etc. It also includes recommended best practices such as creating a Travis-CI account so you can verify your changes pass all the tests before making a pull-request.
+
+See the bottom of this document for help on installing the linting and style reformatting tools discussed in the following sections.
+
 ## Lint Free Code
 
-Automated analysis tools like cppcheck and oclint can help identify bugs. They also help ensure the code has a consistent style and avoids patterns that tend to confuse people.
+Automated analysis tools like cppcheck and oclint can point out potential bugs. They also help ensure the code has a consistent style and that it avoids patterns that tend to confuse people.
 
 Ultimately we want lint free code. However, at the moment a lot of cleanup is required to reach that goal. For now simply try to avoid introducing new lint.
 
 To make linting the code easy there are two make targets: `lint` and `lint-all`. The latter does just what the name implies. The former will lint any modified but not committed `*.cpp` files. If there is no uncommitted work it will lint the files in the most recent commit.
 
+## Ensuring Your Changes Conform to the Style Guides
+
+The following sections discuss the specific rules for the style that should be used when writing fish code. To ensure your changes conform to the style rules you simply need to run
+
+```
+make style
+```
+
+before commiting your change. If you've already committed your changes that's okay since it will then check the files in the most recent commit. This can be useful after you've merged someone elses change and want to check that it's style is acceptable.
+
+If you want to check the style of the entire code base run
+
+```
+make style-all
+```
+
+## Fish Script Style Guide
+
+Fish scripts such as those in the *share/functions* and *tests* directories should be formatted using the `fish_indent` command.
+
+Function names should be all lowercase with undescores separating words. Private functions should begin with an underscore. The first word should be `fish` if the function is unique to fish.
+
+The first word of global variable names should generally be `fish` for public vars or `_fish` for private vars to minimize the possibility of name clashes with user defined vars.
+
+## C++ Style Guide
+
+1. The [Google C++ Style Guide](https://google.github.io/styleguide/cppguide.html) forms the basis of the fish C++ style guide. There are two major deviations for the fish project. First, a four, rather than two, space indent. Second, line lengths up to 100, rather than 80, characters.
+
+1. The `clang-format` command is authoritative with respect to indentation, whitespace around operators, etc. **Note**: this rule should be ignored at this time. After the code is cleaned up this rule will become mandatory.
+
+1. All names in code should be `small_snake_case`. No Hungarian notation is used. Classes and structs names should be followed by `_t`.
+
+1. Always attach braces to the surrounding context.
+
+1. Indent with spaces, not tabs and use four spaces per indent.
+
+## Installing the Required Tools
+
+### Installing the Linting Tools
+
 To install the lint checkers on Mac OS X using HomeBrew:
 
 ```
@@ -24,85 +68,24 @@ sudo apt-get install oclint
 sudo apt-get install cppcheck
 ```
 
-## Fish Script Style Guide
+### Installing the Reformatting Tools
 
-Fish scripts such as those in the *share/functions* and *tests* directories should be formatted using the `fish_indent` command.
+To install the reformatting tool on Mac OS X using HomeBrew:
 
-Function names should be all lowercase with undescores separating words. Private functions should begin with an underscore. The first word should be `fish` if the function is unique to fish.
+```
+brew install clang-format
+```
 
-The first word of global variable names should generally be `fish` for public vars or `_fish` for private vars to minimize the possibility of name clashes with user defined vars.
+To install the reformatting tool on Linux distros that use Apt:
 
-## C++ Style Guide
+```
+apt-cache search clang-format
+```
 
-1. The `clang-format` command is authoritative with respect to indentation, whitespace around operators, etc. **Note**: this rule should be ignored at this time. A subsequent commit will add the necessary config file and make targets. After the happens the code will be cleaned up and this rule will become mandatory.
+That will list the versions available. Pick the newest one available (3.6 for Ubuntu 14.04 as I write this) and install it:
 
-1. All names in code should be `small_snake_case`. No Hungarian notation is used. Classes and structs names should be followed by `_t`.
+```
+sudo apt-get install clang-format-3.6
+sudo ln -s /usr/bin/clang-format-3.6 /usr/bin/clang-format
 
-1. fish uses the Allman/BSD style of indentation.
+```
-
-1. Indent with spaces, not tabs.
-
-1. Use 4 spaces per indent.
-
-1. Opening curly bracket is on the following line:
-
-        // ✔:
-        struct name
-        {
-          // code
-        };
-
-        void func()
-        {
-          // code
-        }
-
-        if (...)
-        {
-          // code
-        }
-
-        // ✗:
-        void func() {
-          // code
-        }
-
-1. Put space after `if`, `while` and `for` before conditions.
-
-        // ✔:
-        if () {}
-
-        // ✗:
-        if() {}
-
-1. Put spaces before and after operators excluding increment and decrement;
-
-        // ✔:
-        int a = 1 + 2 * 3;
-        a++;
-
-        // ✗:
-        int a=1+2*3;
-        a ++;
-
-1. Never put spaces between function name and parameters list.
-
-        // ✔:
-        func(args);
-
-        // ✗:
-        func (args);
-
-1. Never put spaces after `(` and before `)`.
-
-1. Always put space after comma and semicolon.
-
-        // ✔:
-        func(arg1, arg2);
-
-        for (int i = 0; i < LENGTH; i++) {}
-
-        // ✗:
-        func(arg1,arg2);
-
-        for (int i = 0;i<LENGTH;i++) {}

Makefile.in

@@ -872,13 +872,21 @@ iwyu:
 _iwyu: clean $(PROGRAMS)
 .PHONY: iwyu _iwyu
 
-# Lint the code.
+# Lint the code. This only deals with C++ files.
 lint:
 	build_tools/lint.fish $(CXX) $(CXXFLAGS)
 lint-all:
 	build_tools/lint.fish $(CXX) --all $(CXXFLAGS)
 .PHONY: lint lint-all
 
+# Run the code through the style refomatter. This handles both C++ files and
+# fish scripts (*.fish).
+style:
+	build_tools/style.fish
+style-all:
+	build_tools/style.fish --all
+.PHONY: lint lint-all
+
 #
 # Cleanup targets
 #

build_tools/lint.fish

@@ -13,7 +13,6 @@ set -e argv[1]
 
 if test "$argv[1]" = "--all"
     set all yes
-    set c_files src/
     set cppchecks "$cppchecks,unusedFunction"
     set -e argv[1]
 end
@@ -30,7 +29,9 @@ if test (uname -m) = "x86_64"
     set cppcheck_args -D__x86_64__ -D__LP64__ $cppcheck_args
 end
 
-if test $all = no
+if test $all = yes
+    set c_files src/*.cpp
+else
     # We haven't been asked to lint all the source. If there are uncommitted
     # changes lint those, else lint the files in the most recent commit.
     set pending (git status --porcelain --short --untracked-files=all | sed -e 's/^ *//')
@@ -44,10 +45,8 @@ if test $all = no
         set files (git show --porcelain --name-only --pretty=oneline head | tail --lines=+2)
     end
 
-    # Filter out the non-C/C++ files.
+    # Extract just the C/C++ files.
     set c_files (string match -r '.*\.c(?:pp)?$' -- $files)
-else
-    set c_files src/*.cpp
 end
 
 # We now have a list of files to check so run the linters.
@@ -61,10 +60,7 @@ if set -q c_files[1]
         # IMHO, writes its diagnostic messages to stderr. Anyone running
         # this who wants to capture its output will expect those messages to be
         # written to stdout.
-        cppcheck -q --verbose --std=posix --std=c11 --language=c++ \
+        cppcheck -q --verbose --std=posix --std=c11 --language=c++ --template "[{file}:{line}]: {severity} ({id}): {message}" --suppress=missingIncludeSystem --inline-suppr --enable=$cppchecks $cppcheck_args $c_files 2>& 1
-            --template "[{file}:{line}]: {severity} ({id}): {message}" \
-            --suppress=missingIncludeSystem \
-            --inline-suppr --enable=$cppchecks $cppcheck_args $c_files 2>&1
     end
 
     if type -q oclint
@@ -82,20 +78,19 @@ if set -q c_files[1]
                 oclint-xcodebuild xcodebuild.log > /dev/null
             end
             if test $all = yes
-                oclint-json-compilation-database -e '/pcre2-10.20/' \
+                oclint-json-compilation-database -e '/pcre2-10.20/' -- -enable-global-analysis 2>& 1
-                    -- -enable-global-analysis 2>&1
             else
                 set i_files
                 for f in $c_files
                     set i_files $i_files -i $f
                 end
                 echo oclint-json-compilation-database -e '/pcre2-10.20/' $i_files
-                oclint-json-compilation-database -e '/pcre2-10.20/' $i_files 2>&1
+                oclint-json-compilation-database -e '/pcre2-10.20/' $i_files 2>& 1
             end
         else
             # Presumably we're on Linux or other platform not requiring special
             # handling for oclint to work.
-            oclint $c_files -- $argv 2>&1
+            oclint $c_files -- $argv 2>& 1
         end
     end
 else

build_tools/style.fish

@@ -0,0 +1,90 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env fish
+#
+# This is meant to be run by "make style" or "make style-all". It is not meant to
+# be run directly from a shell prompt although it can be.
+#
+# This runs C++ files and fish scripts (*.fish) through their respective code
+# formatting programs.
+#
+set c_files
+set f_files
+set all no
+
+if test "$argv[1]" = "--all"
+    set all yes
+    set -e argv[1]
+end
+
+if set -q argv[1]
+    echo "Unexpected arguments: '$argv'"
+    exit 1
+end
+
+if test $all = yes
+    set c_files src/*.h src/*.cpp
+    set f_files ***.fish
+else
+    # We haven't been asked to reformat all the source. If there are uncommitted
+    # changes reformat those, else reformat the files in the most recent commit.
+    set pending (git status --porcelain --short --untracked-files=all | sed -e 's/^ *//')
+    if count $pending > /dev/null
+        # There are pending changes so lint those files.
+        for arg in $pending
+            set files $files (string split -m 1 ' ' $arg)[2]
+        end
+    else
+        # No pending changes so lint the files in the most recent commit.
+        set files (git show --name-only --pretty=oneline head | tail --lines=+2)
+    end
+
+    # Extract just the C/C++ files.
+    set c_files (string match -r '^.*\.(?:c|cpp|h)$' -- $files)
+    # Extract just the fish files.
+    set f_files (string match -r '^.*\.fish$' -- $files)
+end
+
+# Run the C++ reformatter if we have any C++ files.
+if set -q c_files[1]
+    if type -q clang-format
+        echo
+        echo ========================================
+        echo Running clang-format
+        echo ========================================
+        for file in $c_files
+            clang-format $file > $file.new
+            if cmp --quiet $file $file.new
+                echo $file was correctly formatted
+                rm $file.new
+            else
+                echo $file was NOT correctly formatted
+                mv $file.new $file
+            end
+        end
+    else
+        echo
+        echo 'WARNING: Cannot find clang-format command'
+        echo
+    end
+end
+
+# Run the fish reformatter if we have any fish files.
+if set -q f_files[1]
+    if not type -q fish_indent
+        make fish_indent
+        set PATH . $PATH
+    end
+    echo
+    echo ========================================
+    echo Running fish_indent
+    echo ========================================
+    for file in $f_files
+        fish_indent < $file > $file.new
+        if cmp --quiet $file $file.new
+            echo $file was correctly formatted
+            rm $file.new
+        else
+            echo $file was NOT correctly formatted
+            mv $file.new $file
+        end
+    end
+end