diff --git a/tests/string.err b/tests/string.err
index d291768ce..478007e2d 100644
--- a/tests/string.err
+++ b/tests/string.err
@@ -176,6 +176,9 @@
 ####################
 # string replace --regex -f "\d" X 1bc axc 2 d3f jk4 xyz
 
+####################
+# string match -r with empty capture groups
+
 ####################
 # string match -r "[" "a[sd"
 string match: Regular expression compile error: missing terminating ] for character class
diff --git a/tests/string.in b/tests/string.in
index e15f33ee5..7bb386d0e 100644
--- a/tests/string.in
+++ b/tests/string.in
@@ -203,6 +203,10 @@ or echo Unexpected exit status at line (status --current-line-number)
 string replace --regex -f "Z" X 1bc axc 2 d3f jk4 xyz
 and echo Unexpected exit status at line (status --current-line-number)
 
+# From https://github.com/fish-shell/fish-shell/issues/5201
+logmsg 'string match -r with empty capture groups'
+string match -r '^([ugoa]*)([=+-]?)([rwx]*)$' '=r'
+
 # test some failure cases
 logmsg 'string match -r "[" "a[sd"'
 string match -r "[" "a[sd"; and echo "unexpected exit 0"
diff --git a/tests/string.out b/tests/string.out
index 2fdec3025..bdd0cb568 100644
--- a/tests/string.out
+++ b/tests/string.out
@@ -274,6 +274,13 @@ X
 dXf
 jkX
 
+####################
+# string match -r with empty capture groups
+=r
+
+=
+r
+
 ####################
 # string match -r "[" "a[sd"