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docs: refactor our readme for main crate
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notes/README.md
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notes/README.md
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<div align="center">
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<h1>🌗🚀 Dioxus</h1>
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<p>
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<strong>A concurrent, functional, virtual DOM for Rust</strong>
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</p>
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</div>
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# Resources
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This overview provides a brief introduction to Dioxus. For a more in-depth guide, make sure to check out:
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- [Getting Started](https://dioxuslabs.com/getting-started)
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- [Book](https://dioxuslabs.com/book)
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- [Reference](https://dioxuslabs.com/reference)
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- [Community Examples](https://github.com/DioxusLabs/community-examples)
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# Overview and Goals
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Dioxus makes it easy to quickly build complex user interfaces with Rust. Any Dioxus app can run in the web browser,
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as a desktop app, as a mobile app, or anywhere else provided you build the right renderer.
|
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|
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Dioxus is heavily inspired by React, supporting many of the same concepts:
|
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|
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- Hooks for state
|
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- VirtualDom & diffing
|
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- Concurrency, fibers, and asynchronous rendering
|
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- JSX-like templating syntax
|
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|
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If you know React, then you know Dioxus.
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|
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Dioxus is *substantially* more performant than many of the other Rust UI libraries (Yew/Percy) and is *significantly* more performant
|
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than React - roughly competitve with InfernoJS.
|
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|
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Remember: Dioxus is a library for declaring interactive user interfaces - it is not a dedicated renderer. Most 1st party renderers for Dioxus currently only support web technologies.
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|
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## Brief Overview
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All Dioxus apps are built by composing functions that take in a `Scope` which is generic over some `Properties` and return an `Element`.
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A `Scope` holds relevant state data for the the currently-rendered component.
|
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To launch an app, we use the `launch` method for the specific renderer we want to use. In the launch function, we pass the app's `Component`.
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|
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```rust, ignore
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use dioxus::prelude::*;
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fn main() {
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dioxus::desktop::launch(app);
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}
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fn app(cx: Scope) -> Element {
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cx.render(rsx!("hello world!"))
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}
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```
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|
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## Elements & your first component
|
||||
|
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To assemble UI trees with Dioxus, you need to use the `render` function on
|
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something called `LazyNodes`. To produce `LazyNodes`, you can use the `rsx!`
|
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macro or the NodeFactory API. For the most part, you want to use the `rsx!`
|
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macro.
|
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|
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Any element in `rsx!` can have attributes, listeners, and children. For
|
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consistency, we force all attributes and listeners to be listed *before*
|
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children.
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|
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```rust, ignore
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let value = "123";
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|
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rsx!(
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div {
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class: "my-class {value}", // <--- attribute
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onclick: move |_| log::info!("clicked!"), // <--- listener
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h1 { "hello world" }, // <--- child
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}
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)
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```
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|
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The `rsx!` macro accepts attributes in "struct form" and will parse the rest
|
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of the body as child elements and rust expressions. Any rust expression that
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implements `IntoIterator<Item = impl IntoVNode>` will be parsed as a child.
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|
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```rust, ignore
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rsx!(
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div {
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(0..10).map(|_| rsx!(span { "hello world" }))
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}
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)
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|
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```
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|
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Used within components, the `rsx!` macro must be rendered into an `Element` with
|
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the `render` function on Scope.
|
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|
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If we want to omit the boilerplate of `cx.render`, we can simply pass in
|
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`cx` as the first argument of rsx. This is sometimes useful when we need to
|
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render nodes in match statements.
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|
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```rust, ignore
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fn example(cx: Scope) -> Element {
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|
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// both of these are equivalent
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cx.render(rsx!("hello world"))
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|
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rsx!(cx, "hello world!")
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}
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```
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|
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Putting everything together, we can write a simple component that renders a list of
|
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elements:
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|
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```rust, ignore
|
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fn app(cx: Scope) -> Element {
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let name = "dave";
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cx.render(rsx!(
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h1 { "Hello, {name}!" }
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div {
|
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class: "my-class",
|
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id: "my-id",
|
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|
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(0..5).map(|i| rsx!(
|
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div { key: "{i}"
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"FizzBuzz: {i}"
|
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}
|
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))
|
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|
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}
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))
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}
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```
|
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|
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## Components
|
||||
|
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We can compose these function components to build a complex app. Each new
|
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component we design must take some Properties. For components with no explicit
|
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properties, we can use the `()` type or simply omit the type altogether.
|
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|
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In Dioxus, all properties are memoized by default!
|
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|
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```rust, ignore
|
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fn App(cx: Scope) -> Element {
|
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cx.render(rsx!(
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Header {
|
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title: "My App",
|
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color: "red",
|
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}
|
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))
|
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}
|
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```
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|
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Our `Header` component takes a `title` and a `color` property, which we
|
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declare on an explicit `HeaderProps` struct.
|
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|
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```rust, ignore
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// The `Props` derive macro lets us add additional functionality to how props are interpreted.
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#[derive(Props, PartialEq)]
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struct HeaderProps {
|
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title: String,
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color: String,
|
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}
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|
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fn Header(cx: Scope<HeaderProps>) -> Element {
|
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cx.render(rsx!(
|
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div {
|
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background_color: "{cx.props.color}"
|
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h1 { "{cx.props.title}" }
|
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}
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))
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}
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```
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|
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Components may use the `inline_props` macro to completely inline the props
|
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definition into the function arguments.
|
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|
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```rust, ignore
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#[inline_props]
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fn Header(cx: Scope, title: String, color: String) -> Element {
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cx.render(rsx!(
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div {
|
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background_color: "{color}"
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h1 { "{title}" }
|
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}
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))
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}
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```
|
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|
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Components may also borrow data from their parent component. We just need to
|
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attach some lifetimes to the props struct.
|
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> Note: we don't need to derive `PartialEq` for borrowed props since they cannot be memoized.
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|
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```rust, ignore
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#[derive(Props)]
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struct HeaderProps<'a> {
|
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title: &'a str,
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color: &'a str,
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}
|
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|
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fn Header<'a>(cx: Scope<'a, HeaderProps<'a>>) -> Element {
|
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cx.render(rsx!(
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div {
|
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background_color: "{cx.props.color}"
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h1 { "{cx.props.title}" }
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}
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))
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}
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```
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|
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Components that begin with an uppercase letter may be called with
|
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the traditional (for React) curly-brace syntax like so:
|
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|
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```rust, ignore
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rsx!(
|
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Header { title: "My App" }
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)
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```
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|
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Alternatively, if your components begin with a lowercase letter, you can use
|
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the function call syntax:
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|
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```rust, ignore
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rsx!(
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header( title: "My App" )
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)
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```
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|
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## Hooks
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|
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While components are reusable forms of UI elements, hooks are reusable forms
|
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of logic. Hooks provide us a way of retrieving state from the `Scope` and using
|
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it to render UI elements.
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|
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By convention, all hooks are functions that should start with `use_`. We can
|
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use hooks to define state and modify it from within listeners.
|
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|
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```rust, ignore
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fn app(cx: Scope) -> Element {
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let name = use_state(&cx, || "world");
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|
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rsx!(cx, "hello {name}!")
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}
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```
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|
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Hooks are sensitive to how they are used. To use hooks, you must abide by the
|
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["rules of hooks" (borrowed from react)](https://reactjs.org/docs/hooks-rules.html):
|
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- Functions with "use_" should not be called in callbacks
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- Functions with "use_" should not be called out of order
|
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- Functions with "use_" should not be called in loops or conditionals
|
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|
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In a sense, hooks let us add a field of state to our component without declaring
|
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an explicit state struct. However, this means we need to "load" the struct in the right
|
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order. If that order is wrong, then the hook will pick the wrong state and panic.
|
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|
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Most hooks you'll write are simply composition of other hooks:
|
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|
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```rust, ignore
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fn use_username(cx: &ScopeState, id: Uuid) -> bool {
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let users = use_context::<Users>(cx);
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users.get(&id).map(|user| user.logged_in).ok_or(false)
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}
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```
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|
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To create entirely new foundational hooks, we can use the `use_hook` method on `ScopeState`.
|
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|
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```rust, ignore
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fn use_mut_string(cx: &ScopeState) -> &mut String {
|
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cx.use_hook(|_| "Hello".to_string())
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}
|
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```
|
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|
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If you want to extend Dioxus with some new functionality, you'll probably want to implement a new hook from scratch.
|
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|
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## Putting it all together
|
||||
|
||||
Using components, templates, and hooks, we can build a simple app.
|
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|
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```rust, ignore
|
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use dioxus::prelude::*;
|
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|
||||
fn main() {
|
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dioxus::desktop::launch(App);
|
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}
|
||||
|
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fn App(cx: Scope) -> Element {
|
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let mut count = use_state(&cx, || 0);
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|
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cx.render(rsx!(
|
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div { "Count: {count}" }
|
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button { onclick: move |_| count += 1, "Increment" }
|
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button { onclick: move |_| count -= 1, "Decrement" }
|
||||
))
|
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}
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```
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|
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## Features
|
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|
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This overview doesn't cover everything. Make sure to check out the tutorial and reference guide on the official
|
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website for more details.
|
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|
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Beyond this overview, Dioxus supports:
|
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- Server-side rendering
|
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- Concurrent rendering (with async support)
|
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- Web/Desktop/Mobile support
|
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- Pre-rendering and rehydration
|
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- Fragments, Portals, and Suspense
|
||||
- Inline-styles
|
||||
- Custom event handlers
|
||||
- Custom elements
|
||||
- Basic fine-grained reactivity (IE SolidJS/Svelte)
|
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- and more!
|
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|
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Good luck!
|
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|
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## Inspiration, Resources, Alternatives and Credits
|
||||
|
||||
Dioxus is inspired by:
|
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- React: for its hooks, concurrency, suspense
|
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- Dodrio: for its research in bump allocation, double buffering, and diffing architecture
|
||||
|
||||
Alternatives to Dioxus include:
|
||||
- Yew: supports function components and web, but no SSR, borrowed data, or bump allocation. Rather slow at times.
|
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- Percy: supports function components, web, ssr, but lacks state management
|
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- Sycamore: supports function components, web, ssr, but closer to SolidJS than React
|
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- MoonZoom/Seed: opinionated frameworks based on the Elm model (message, update) - no hooks
|
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|
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We've put a lot of work into making Dioxus ergonomic and *familiar*.
|
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Our target audience is TypeSrcipt developers looking to switch to Rust for the web - so we need to be comparabale to React.
|
325
src/lib.rs
325
src/lib.rs
|
@ -1,327 +1,4 @@
|
|||
//! <div align="center">
|
||||
//! <h1>🌗🚀 Dioxus</h1>
|
||||
//! <p>
|
||||
//! <strong>A concurrent, functional, virtual DOM for Rust</strong>
|
||||
//! </p>
|
||||
//! </div>
|
||||
//!
|
||||
//! # Resources
|
||||
//!
|
||||
//! This overview provides a brief introduction to Dioxus. For a more in-depth guide, make sure to check out:
|
||||
//! - [Getting Started](https://dioxuslabs.com/getting-started)
|
||||
//! - [Book](https://dioxuslabs.com/book)
|
||||
//! - [Reference](https://dioxuslabs.com/reference)
|
||||
//! - [Community Examples](https://github.com/DioxusLabs/community-examples)
|
||||
//!
|
||||
//! # Overview and Goals
|
||||
//!
|
||||
//! Dioxus makes it easy to quickly build complex user interfaces with Rust. Any Dioxus app can run in the web browser,
|
||||
//! as a desktop app, as a mobile app, or anywhere else provided you build the right renderer.
|
||||
//!
|
||||
//! Dioxus is heavily inspired by React, supporting many of the same concepts:
|
||||
//!
|
||||
//! - Hooks for state
|
||||
//! - VirtualDom & diffing
|
||||
//! - Concurrency, fibers, and asynchronous rendering
|
||||
//! - JSX-like templating syntax
|
||||
//!
|
||||
//! If you know React, then you know Dioxus.
|
||||
//!
|
||||
//! Dioxus is *substantially* more performant than many of the other Rust UI libraries (Yew/Percy) and is *significantly* more performant
|
||||
//! than React - roughly competitve with InfernoJS.
|
||||
//!
|
||||
//! Remember: Dioxus is a library for declaring interactive user interfaces - it is not a dedicated renderer. Most 1st party renderers for Dioxus currently only support web technologies.
|
||||
//!
|
||||
//! ## Brief Overview
|
||||
//!
|
||||
//! All Dioxus apps are built by composing functions that take in a `Scope` which is generic over some `Properties` and return an `Element`.
|
||||
//! A `Scope` holds relevant state data for the the currently-rendered component.
|
||||
//!
|
||||
//! To launch an app, we use the `launch` method for the specific renderer we want to use. In the launch function, we pass the app's `Component`.
|
||||
//!
|
||||
//! ```rust, ignore
|
||||
//! use dioxus::prelude::*;
|
||||
//!
|
||||
//! fn main() {
|
||||
//! dioxus::desktop::launch(app);
|
||||
//! }
|
||||
//!
|
||||
//! fn app(cx: Scope) -> Element {
|
||||
//! cx.render(rsx!("hello world!"))
|
||||
//! }
|
||||
//! ```
|
||||
//!
|
||||
//! ## Elements & your first component
|
||||
//!
|
||||
//! To assemble UI trees with Dioxus, you need to use the `render` function on
|
||||
//! something called `LazyNodes`. To produce `LazyNodes`, you can use the `rsx!`
|
||||
//! macro or the NodeFactory API. For the most part, you want to use the `rsx!`
|
||||
//! macro.
|
||||
//!
|
||||
//! Any element in `rsx!` can have attributes, listeners, and children. For
|
||||
//! consistency, we force all attributes and listeners to be listed *before*
|
||||
//! children.
|
||||
//!
|
||||
//! ```rust, ignore
|
||||
//! let value = "123";
|
||||
//!
|
||||
//! rsx!(
|
||||
//! div {
|
||||
//! class: "my-class {value}", // <--- attribute
|
||||
//! onclick: move |_| log::info!("clicked!"), // <--- listener
|
||||
//! h1 { "hello world" }, // <--- child
|
||||
//! }
|
||||
//! )
|
||||
//! ```
|
||||
//!
|
||||
//! The `rsx!` macro accepts attributes in "struct form" and will parse the rest
|
||||
//! of the body as child elements and rust expressions. Any rust expression that
|
||||
//! implements `IntoIterator<Item = impl IntoVNode>` will be parsed as a child.
|
||||
//!
|
||||
//! ```rust, ignore
|
||||
//! rsx!(
|
||||
//! div {
|
||||
//! (0..10).map(|_| rsx!(span { "hello world" }))
|
||||
//! }
|
||||
//! )
|
||||
//!
|
||||
//! ```
|
||||
//!
|
||||
//! Used within components, the `rsx!` macro must be rendered into an `Element` with
|
||||
//! the `render` function on Scope.
|
||||
//!
|
||||
//! If we want to omit the boilerplate of `cx.render`, we can simply pass in
|
||||
//! `cx` as the first argument of rsx. This is sometimes useful when we need to
|
||||
//! render nodes in match statements.
|
||||
//!
|
||||
//! ```rust, ignore
|
||||
//! fn example(cx: Scope) -> Element {
|
||||
//!
|
||||
//! // both of these are equivalent
|
||||
//! cx.render(rsx!("hello world"))
|
||||
//!
|
||||
//! rsx!(cx, "hello world!")
|
||||
//! }
|
||||
//! ```
|
||||
//!
|
||||
//! Putting everything together, we can write a simple component that renders a list of
|
||||
//! elements:
|
||||
//!
|
||||
//! ```rust, ignore
|
||||
//! fn app(cx: Scope) -> Element {
|
||||
//! let name = "dave";
|
||||
//! cx.render(rsx!(
|
||||
//! h1 { "Hello, {name}!" }
|
||||
//! div {
|
||||
//! class: "my-class",
|
||||
//! id: "my-id",
|
||||
//!
|
||||
//! (0..5).map(|i| rsx!(
|
||||
//! div { key: "{i}"
|
||||
//! "FizzBuzz: {i}"
|
||||
//! }
|
||||
//! ))
|
||||
//!
|
||||
//! }
|
||||
//! ))
|
||||
//! }
|
||||
//! ```
|
||||
//!
|
||||
//! ## Components
|
||||
//!
|
||||
//! We can compose these function components to build a complex app. Each new
|
||||
//! component we design must take some Properties. For components with no explicit
|
||||
//! properties, we can use the `()` type or simply omit the type altogether.
|
||||
//!
|
||||
//! In Dioxus, all properties are memoized by default!
|
||||
//!
|
||||
//! ```rust, ignore
|
||||
//! fn App(cx: Scope) -> Element {
|
||||
//! cx.render(rsx!(
|
||||
//! Header {
|
||||
//! title: "My App",
|
||||
//! color: "red",
|
||||
//! }
|
||||
//! ))
|
||||
//! }
|
||||
//! ```
|
||||
//!
|
||||
//! Our `Header` component takes a `title` and a `color` property, which we
|
||||
//! declare on an explicit `HeaderProps` struct.
|
||||
//!
|
||||
//! ```rust, ignore
|
||||
//! // The `Props` derive macro lets us add additional functionality to how props are interpreted.
|
||||
//! #[derive(Props, PartialEq)]
|
||||
//! struct HeaderProps {
|
||||
//! title: String,
|
||||
//! color: String,
|
||||
//! }
|
||||
//!
|
||||
//! fn Header(cx: Scope<HeaderProps>) -> Element {
|
||||
//! cx.render(rsx!(
|
||||
//! div {
|
||||
//! background_color: "{cx.props.color}"
|
||||
//! h1 { "{cx.props.title}" }
|
||||
//! }
|
||||
//! ))
|
||||
//! }
|
||||
//! ```
|
||||
//!
|
||||
//! Components may use the `inline_props` macro to completely inline the props
|
||||
//! definition into the function arguments.
|
||||
//!
|
||||
//! ```rust, ignore
|
||||
//! #[inline_props]
|
||||
//! fn Header(cx: Scope, title: String, color: String) -> Element {
|
||||
//! cx.render(rsx!(
|
||||
//! div {
|
||||
//! background_color: "{color}"
|
||||
//! h1 { "{title}" }
|
||||
//! }
|
||||
//! ))
|
||||
//! }
|
||||
//! ```
|
||||
//!
|
||||
//! Components may also borrow data from their parent component. We just need to
|
||||
//! attach some lifetimes to the props struct.
|
||||
//! > Note: we don't need to derive `PartialEq` for borrowed props since they cannot be memoized.
|
||||
//!
|
||||
//! ```rust, ignore
|
||||
//! #[derive(Props)]
|
||||
//! struct HeaderProps<'a> {
|
||||
//! title: &'a str,
|
||||
//! color: &'a str,
|
||||
//! }
|
||||
//!
|
||||
//! fn Header<'a>(cx: Scope<'a, HeaderProps<'a>>) -> Element {
|
||||
//! cx.render(rsx!(
|
||||
//! div {
|
||||
//! background_color: "{cx.props.color}"
|
||||
//! h1 { "{cx.props.title}" }
|
||||
//! }
|
||||
//! ))
|
||||
//! }
|
||||
//! ```
|
||||
//!
|
||||
//! Components that begin with an uppercase letter may be called with
|
||||
//! the traditional (for React) curly-brace syntax like so:
|
||||
//!
|
||||
//! ```rust, ignore
|
||||
//! rsx!(
|
||||
//! Header { title: "My App" }
|
||||
//! )
|
||||
//! ```
|
||||
//!
|
||||
//! Alternatively, if your components begin with a lowercase letter, you can use
|
||||
//! the function call syntax:
|
||||
//!
|
||||
//! ```rust, ignore
|
||||
//! rsx!(
|
||||
//! header( title: "My App" )
|
||||
//! )
|
||||
//! ```
|
||||
//!
|
||||
//! ## Hooks
|
||||
//!
|
||||
//! While components are reusable forms of UI elements, hooks are reusable forms
|
||||
//! of logic. Hooks provide us a way of retrieving state from the `Scope` and using
|
||||
//! it to render UI elements.
|
||||
//!
|
||||
//! By convention, all hooks are functions that should start with `use_`. We can
|
||||
//! use hooks to define state and modify it from within listeners.
|
||||
//!
|
||||
//! ```rust, ignore
|
||||
//! fn app(cx: Scope) -> Element {
|
||||
//! let name = use_state(&cx, || "world");
|
||||
//!
|
||||
//! rsx!(cx, "hello {name}!")
|
||||
//! }
|
||||
//! ```
|
||||
//!
|
||||
//! Hooks are sensitive to how they are used. To use hooks, you must abide by the
|
||||
//! ["rules of hooks" (borrowed from react)](https://reactjs.org/docs/hooks-rules.html):
|
||||
//! - Functions with "use_" should not be called in callbacks
|
||||
//! - Functions with "use_" should not be called out of order
|
||||
//! - Functions with "use_" should not be called in loops or conditionals
|
||||
//!
|
||||
//! In a sense, hooks let us add a field of state to our component without declaring
|
||||
//! an explicit state struct. However, this means we need to "load" the struct in the right
|
||||
//! order. If that order is wrong, then the hook will pick the wrong state and panic.
|
||||
//!
|
||||
//! Most hooks you'll write are simply composition of other hooks:
|
||||
//!
|
||||
//! ```rust, ignore
|
||||
//! fn use_username(cx: &ScopeState, id: Uuid) -> bool {
|
||||
//! let users = use_context::<Users>(cx);
|
||||
//! users.get(&id).map(|user| user.logged_in).ok_or(false)
|
||||
//! }
|
||||
//! ```
|
||||
//!
|
||||
//! To create entirely new foundational hooks, we can use the `use_hook` method on `ScopeState`.
|
||||
//!
|
||||
//! ```rust, ignore
|
||||
//! fn use_mut_string(cx: &ScopeState) -> &mut String {
|
||||
//! cx.use_hook(|_| "Hello".to_string())
|
||||
//! }
|
||||
//! ```
|
||||
//!
|
||||
//! If you want to extend Dioxus with some new functionality, you'll probably want to implement a new hook from scratch.
|
||||
//!
|
||||
//! ## Putting it all together
|
||||
//!
|
||||
//! Using components, templates, and hooks, we can build a simple app.
|
||||
//!
|
||||
//! ```rust, ignore
|
||||
//! use dioxus::prelude::*;
|
||||
//!
|
||||
//! fn main() {
|
||||
//! dioxus::desktop::launch(App);
|
||||
//! }
|
||||
//!
|
||||
//! fn App(cx: Scope) -> Element {
|
||||
//! let mut count = use_state(&cx, || 0);
|
||||
//!
|
||||
//! cx.render(rsx!(
|
||||
//! div { "Count: {count}" }
|
||||
//! button { onclick: move |_| count += 1, "Increment" }
|
||||
//! button { onclick: move |_| count -= 1, "Decrement" }
|
||||
//! ))
|
||||
//! }
|
||||
//! ```
|
||||
//!
|
||||
//! ## Features
|
||||
//!
|
||||
//! This overview doesn't cover everything. Make sure to check out the tutorial and reference guide on the official
|
||||
//! website for more details.
|
||||
//!
|
||||
//! Beyond this overview, Dioxus supports:
|
||||
//! - Server-side rendering
|
||||
//! - Concurrent rendering (with async support)
|
||||
//! - Web/Desktop/Mobile support
|
||||
//! - Pre-rendering and rehydration
|
||||
//! - Fragments, Portals, and Suspense
|
||||
//! - Inline-styles
|
||||
//! - Custom event handlers
|
||||
//! - Custom elements
|
||||
//! - Basic fine-grained reactivity (IE SolidJS/Svelte)
|
||||
//! - and more!
|
||||
//!
|
||||
//! Good luck!
|
||||
//!
|
||||
//! ## Inspiration, Resources, Alternatives and Credits
|
||||
//!
|
||||
//! Dioxus is inspired by:
|
||||
//! - React: for its hooks, concurrency, suspense
|
||||
//! - Dodrio: for its research in bump allocation, double buffering, and diffing architecture
|
||||
//!
|
||||
//! Alternatives to Dioxus include:
|
||||
//! - Yew: supports function components and web, but no SSR, borrowed data, or bump allocation. Rather slow at times.
|
||||
//! - Percy: supports function components, web, ssr, but lacks state management
|
||||
//! - Sycamore: supports function components, web, ssr, but closer to SolidJS than React
|
||||
//! - MoonZoom/Seed: opinionated frameworks based on the Elm model (message, update) - no hooks
|
||||
//!
|
||||
//! We've put a lot of work into making Dioxus ergonomic and *familiar*.
|
||||
//! Our target audience is TypeSrcipt developers looking to switch to Rust for the web - so we need to be comparabale to React.
|
||||
#![doc = include_str!("../notes/readme.md")]
|
||||
|
||||
pub use dioxus_core as core;
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
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Reference in a new issue