diff --git a/src/uu/mktemp/src/mktemp.rs b/src/uu/mktemp/src/mktemp.rs
index a4787931a..b19061691 100644
--- a/src/uu/mktemp/src/mktemp.rs
+++ b/src/uu/mktemp/src/mktemp.rs
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ use uucore::format_usage;
 use std::env;
 use std::error::Error;
 use std::fmt::Display;
+use std::io::ErrorKind;
 use std::iter;
 use std::path::{Path, PathBuf, MAIN_SEPARATOR};
 
@@ -54,6 +55,9 @@ enum MkTempError {
     SuffixContainsDirSeparator(String),
     InvalidTemplate(String),
     TooManyTemplates,
+
+    /// When a specified temporary directory could not be found.
+    NotFound(String, String),
 }
 
 impl UError for MkTempError {
@@ -93,6 +97,12 @@ impl Display for MkTempError {
             TooManyTemplates => {
                 write!(f, "too many templates")
             }
+            NotFound(template_type, s) => write!(
+                f,
+                "failed to create {} via template {}: No such file or directory",
+                template_type,
+                s.quote()
+            ),
         }
     }
 }
@@ -469,7 +479,8 @@ pub fn dry_exec(tmpdir: &str, prefix: &str, rand: usize, suffix: &str) -> UResul
 ///
 /// # Errors
 ///
-/// If the temporary directory could not be written to disk.
+/// If the temporary directory could not be written to disk or if the
+/// given directory `dir` does not exist.
 fn make_temp_dir(dir: &str, prefix: &str, rand: usize, suffix: &str) -> UResult<PathBuf> {
     let mut builder = Builder::new();
     builder.prefix(prefix).rand_bytes(rand).suffix(suffix);
@@ -481,6 +492,12 @@ fn make_temp_dir(dir: &str, prefix: &str, rand: usize, suffix: &str) -> UResult<
             fs::set_permissions(&path, fs::Permissions::from_mode(0o700))?;
             Ok(path)
         }
+        Err(e) if e.kind() == ErrorKind::NotFound => {
+            let filename = format!("{}{}{}", prefix, "X".repeat(rand), suffix);
+            let path = Path::new(dir).join(filename);
+            let s = path.display().to_string();
+            Err(MkTempError::NotFound("directory".to_string(), s).into())
+        }
         Err(e) => Err(e.into()),
     }
 }
@@ -494,7 +511,8 @@ fn make_temp_dir(dir: &str, prefix: &str, rand: usize, suffix: &str) -> UResult<
 ///
 /// # Errors
 ///
-/// If the file could not be written to disk.
+/// If the file could not be written to disk or if the directory does
+/// not exist.
 fn make_temp_file(dir: &str, prefix: &str, rand: usize, suffix: &str) -> UResult<PathBuf> {
     let mut builder = Builder::new();
     builder.prefix(prefix).rand_bytes(rand).suffix(suffix);
@@ -504,6 +522,12 @@ fn make_temp_file(dir: &str, prefix: &str, rand: usize, suffix: &str) -> UResult
             Ok((_, pathbuf)) => Ok(pathbuf),
             Err(e) => Err(MkTempError::PersistError(e.file.path().to_path_buf()).into()),
         },
+        Err(e) if e.kind() == ErrorKind::NotFound => {
+            let filename = format!("{}{}{}", prefix, "X".repeat(rand), suffix);
+            let path = Path::new(dir).join(filename);
+            let s = path.display().to_string();
+            Err(MkTempError::NotFound("file".to_string(), s).into())
+        }
         Err(e) => Err(e.into()),
     }
 }
diff --git a/tests/by-util/test_mktemp.rs b/tests/by-util/test_mktemp.rs
index f0c7a347a..57448474f 100644
--- a/tests/by-util/test_mktemp.rs
+++ b/tests/by-util/test_mktemp.rs
@@ -739,3 +739,89 @@ fn test_tmpdir_env_var() {
     assert_matches_template!(template, filename);
     assert!(at.file_exists(filename));
 }
+
+#[test]
+fn test_nonexistent_tmpdir_env_var() {
+    #[cfg(not(windows))]
+    new_ucmd!().env(TMPDIR, "no/such/dir").fails().stderr_only("mktemp: failed to create file via template 'no/such/dir/tmp.XXXXXXXXXX': No such file or directory\n");
+    #[cfg(windows)]
+    {
+        let result = new_ucmd!().env(TMPDIR, r"no\such\dir").fails();
+        result.no_stdout();
+        let stderr = result.stderr_str();
+        assert!(
+            stderr.starts_with("mktemp: failed to create file via template"),
+            "{}",
+            stderr
+        );
+        assert!(
+            stderr.ends_with("no\\such\\dir\\tmp.XXXXXXXXXX': No such file or directory\n"),
+            "{}",
+            stderr
+        );
+    }
+
+    #[cfg(not(windows))]
+    new_ucmd!().env(TMPDIR, "no/such/dir").arg("-d").fails().stderr_only("mktemp: failed to create directory via template 'no/such/dir/tmp.XXXXXXXXXX': No such file or directory\n");
+    #[cfg(windows)]
+    {
+        let result = new_ucmd!().env(TMPDIR, r"no\such\dir").arg("-d").fails();
+        result.no_stdout();
+        let stderr = result.stderr_str();
+        assert!(
+            stderr.starts_with("mktemp: failed to create directory via template"),
+            "{}",
+            stderr
+        );
+        assert!(
+            stderr.ends_with("no\\such\\dir\\tmp.XXXXXXXXXX': No such file or directory\n"),
+            "{}",
+            stderr
+        );
+    }
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn test_nonexistent_dir_prefix() {
+    #[cfg(not(windows))]
+    new_ucmd!().arg("d/XXX").fails().stderr_only(
+        "mktemp: failed to create file via template 'd/XXX': No such file or directory\n",
+    );
+    #[cfg(windows)]
+    {
+        let result = new_ucmd!().arg(r"d\XXX").fails();
+        result.no_stdout();
+        let stderr = result.stderr_str();
+        assert!(
+            stderr.starts_with("mktemp: failed to create file via template"),
+            "{}",
+            stderr
+        );
+        assert!(
+            stderr.ends_with("d\\XXX': No such file or directory\n"),
+            "{}",
+            stderr
+        );
+    }
+
+    #[cfg(not(windows))]
+    new_ucmd!().arg("-d").arg("d/XXX").fails().stderr_only(
+        "mktemp: failed to create directory via template 'd/XXX': No such file or directory\n",
+    );
+    #[cfg(windows)]
+    {
+        let result = new_ucmd!().arg("-d").arg(r"d\XXX").fails();
+        result.no_stdout();
+        let stderr = result.stderr_str();
+        assert!(
+            stderr.starts_with("mktemp: failed to create directory via template"),
+            "{}",
+            stderr
+        );
+        assert!(
+            stderr.ends_with("d\\XXX': No such file or directory\n"),
+            "{}",
+            stderr
+        );
+    }
+}