# Objective
- Fixes#16208
## Solution
- Added an associated type to `Component`, `Mutability`, which flags
whether a component is mutable, or immutable. If `Mutability= Mutable`,
the component is mutable. If `Mutability= Immutable`, the component is
immutable.
- Updated `derive_component` to default to mutable unless an
`#[component(immutable)]` attribute is added.
- Updated `ReflectComponent` to check if a component is mutable and, if
not, panic when attempting to mutate.
## Testing
- CI
- `immutable_components` example.
---
## Showcase
Users can now mark a component as `#[component(immutable)]` to prevent
safe mutation of a component while it is attached to an entity:
```rust
#[derive(Component)]
#[component(immutable)]
struct Foo {
// ...
}
```
This prevents creating an exclusive reference to the component while it
is attached to an entity. This is particularly powerful when combined
with component hooks, as you can now fully track a component's value,
ensuring whatever invariants you desire are upheld. Before this would be
done my making a component private, and manually creating a `QueryData`
implementation which only permitted read access.
<details>
<summary>Using immutable components as an index</summary>
```rust
/// This is an example of a component like [`Name`](bevy::prelude::Name), but immutable.
#[derive(Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq, PartialOrd, Ord, Hash, Component)]
#[component(
immutable,
on_insert = on_insert_name,
on_replace = on_replace_name,
)]
pub struct Name(pub &'static str);
/// This index allows for O(1) lookups of an [`Entity`] by its [`Name`].
#[derive(Resource, Default)]
struct NameIndex {
name_to_entity: HashMap<Name, Entity>,
}
impl NameIndex {
fn get_entity(&self, name: &'static str) -> Option<Entity> {
self.name_to_entity.get(&Name(name)).copied()
}
}
fn on_insert_name(mut world: DeferredWorld<'_>, entity: Entity, _component: ComponentId) {
let Some(&name) = world.entity(entity).get::<Name>() else {
unreachable!()
};
let Some(mut index) = world.get_resource_mut::<NameIndex>() else {
return;
};
index.name_to_entity.insert(name, entity);
}
fn on_replace_name(mut world: DeferredWorld<'_>, entity: Entity, _component: ComponentId) {
let Some(&name) = world.entity(entity).get::<Name>() else {
unreachable!()
};
let Some(mut index) = world.get_resource_mut::<NameIndex>() else {
return;
};
index.name_to_entity.remove(&name);
}
// Setup our name index
world.init_resource::<NameIndex>();
// Spawn some entities!
let alyssa = world.spawn(Name("Alyssa")).id();
let javier = world.spawn(Name("Javier")).id();
// Check our index
let index = world.resource::<NameIndex>();
assert_eq!(index.get_entity("Alyssa"), Some(alyssa));
assert_eq!(index.get_entity("Javier"), Some(javier));
// Changing the name of an entity is also fully capture by our index
world.entity_mut(javier).insert(Name("Steven"));
// Javier changed their name to Steven
let steven = javier;
// Check our index
let index = world.resource::<NameIndex>();
assert_eq!(index.get_entity("Javier"), None);
assert_eq!(index.get_entity("Steven"), Some(steven));
```
</details>
Additionally, users can use `Component<Mutability = ...>` in trait
bounds to enforce that a component _is_ mutable or _is_ immutable. When
using `Component` as a trait bound without specifying `Mutability`, any
component is applicable. However, methods which only work on mutable or
immutable components are unavailable, since the compiler must be
pessimistic about the type.
## Migration Guide
- When implementing `Component` manually, you must now provide a type
for `Mutability`. The type `Mutable` provides equivalent behaviour to
earlier versions of `Component`:
```rust
impl Component for Foo {
type Mutability = Mutable;
// ...
}
```
- When working with generic components, you may need to specify that
your generic parameter implements `Component<Mutability = Mutable>`
rather than `Component` if you require mutable access to said component.
- The entity entry API has had to have some changes made to minimise
friction when working with immutable components. Methods which
previously returned a `Mut<T>` will now typically return an
`OccupiedEntry<T>` instead, requiring you to add an `into_mut()` to get
the `Mut<T>` item again.
## Draft Release Notes
Components can now be made immutable while stored within the ECS.
Components are the fundamental unit of data within an ECS, and Bevy
provides a number of ways to work with them that align with Rust's rules
around ownership and borrowing. One part of this is hooks, which allow
for defining custom behavior at key points in a component's lifecycle,
such as addition and removal. However, there is currently no way to
respond to _mutation_ of a component using hooks. The reasons for this
are quite technical, but to summarize, their addition poses a
significant challenge to Bevy's core promises around performance.
Without mutation hooks, it's relatively trivial to modify a component in
such a way that breaks invariants it intends to uphold. For example, you
can use `core::mem::swap` to swap the components of two entities,
bypassing the insertion and removal hooks.
This means the only way to react to this modification is via change
detection in a system, which then begs the question of what happens
_between_ that alteration and the next run of that system?
Alternatively, you could make your component private to prevent
mutation, but now you need to provide commands and a custom `QueryData`
implementation to allow users to interact with your component at all.
Immutable components solve this problem by preventing the creation of an
exclusive reference to the component entirely. Without an exclusive
reference, the only way to modify an immutable component is via removal
or replacement, which is fully captured by component hooks. To make a
component immutable, simply add `#[component(immutable)]`:
```rust
#[derive(Component)]
#[component(immutable)]
struct Foo {
// ...
}
```
When implementing `Component` manually, there is an associated type
`Mutability` which controls this behavior:
```rust
impl Component for Foo {
type Mutability = Mutable;
// ...
}
```
Note that this means when working with generic components, you may need
to specify that a component is mutable to gain access to certain
methods:
```rust
// Before
fn bar<C: Component>() {
// ...
}
// After
fn bar<C: Component<Mutability = Mutable>>() {
// ...
}
```
With this new tool, creating index components, or caching data on an
entity should be more user friendly, allowing libraries to provide APIs
relying on components and hooks to uphold their invariants.
## Notes
- ~~I've done my best to implement this feature, but I'm not happy with
how reflection has turned out. If any reflection SMEs know a way to
improve this situation I'd greatly appreciate it.~~ There is an
outstanding issue around the fallibility of mutable methods on
`ReflectComponent`, but the DX is largely unchanged from `main` now.
- I've attempted to prevent all safe mutable access to a component that
does not implement `Component<Mutability = Mutable>`, but there may
still be some methods I have missed. Please indicate so and I will
address them, as they are bugs.
- Unsafe is an escape hatch I am _not_ attempting to prevent. Whatever
you do with unsafe is between you and your compiler.
- I am marking this PR as ready, but I suspect it will undergo fairly
major revisions based on SME feedback.
- I've marked this PR as _Uncontroversial_ based on the feature, not the
implementation.
---------
Co-authored-by: Alice Cecile <alice.i.cecile@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: Benjamin Brienen <benjamin.brienen@outlook.com>
Co-authored-by: Gino Valente <49806985+MrGVSV@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: Nuutti Kotivuori <naked@iki.fi>
# Objective
Bevy seems to want to standardize on "American English" spellings. Not
sure if this is laid out anywhere in writing, but see also #15947.
While perusing the docs for `typos`, I noticed that it has a `locale`
config option and tried it out.
## Solution
Switch to `en-us` locale in the `typos` config and run `typos -w`
## Migration Guide
The following methods or fields have been renamed from `*dependants*` to
`*dependents*`.
- `ProcessorAssetInfo::dependants`
- `ProcessorAssetInfos::add_dependant`
- `ProcessorAssetInfos::non_existent_dependants`
- `AssetInfo::dependants_waiting_on_load`
- `AssetInfo::dependants_waiting_on_recursive_dep_load`
- `AssetInfos::loader_dependants`
- `AssetInfos::remove_dependants_and_labels`
# Objective
Fixes#14202
## Solution
Add `on_replaced` component hook and `OnReplaced` observer trigger
## Testing
- Did you test these changes? If so, how?
- Updated & added unit tests
---
## Changelog
- Added new `on_replaced` component hook and `OnReplaced` observer
trigger for performing cleanup on component values when they are
overwritten with `.insert()`
# Objective
Fixes https://github.com/bevyengine/bevy/issues/13972
## Solution
Added 3 new attributes to the `Component` macro.
## Testing
Added `component_hook_order_spawn_despawn_with_macro_hooks`, that makes
the same as `component_hook_order_spawn_despawn` but uses a struct, that
defines it's hooks with the `Component` macro.
---
---------
Co-authored-by: Gino Valente <49806985+MrGVSV@users.noreply.github.com>
# Objective
When doing a final pass for #3362, it appeared that `ComponentStorage`
as a trait, the two types implementing it, and the associated type on
`Component` aren't really necessary anymore. This likely was due to an
earlier constraint on the use of consts in traits, but that definitely
doesn't seem to be a problem in Rust 1.76.
## Solution
Remove them.
---
## Changelog
Changed: `Component::Storage` has been replaced with
`Component::STORAGE_TYPE` as a const.
Removed: `bevy::ecs::component::ComponentStorage` trait
Removed: `bevy::ecs::component::TableStorage` struct
Removed: `bevy::ecs::component::SparseSetStorage` struct
## Migration Guide
If you were manually implementing `Component` instead of using the
derive macro, replace the associated `Storage` associated type with the
`STORAGE_TYPE` const:
```rust
// in Bevy 0.13
impl Component for MyComponent {
type Storage = TableStorage;
}
// in Bevy 0.14
impl Component for MyComponent {
const STORAGE_TYPE: StorageType = StorageType::Table;
}
```
Component is no longer object safe. If you were relying on `&dyn
Component`, `Box<dyn Component>`, etc. please [file an issue
](https://github.com/bevyengine/bevy/issues) to get [this
change](https://github.com/bevyengine/bevy/pull/12311) reverted.
---------
Co-authored-by: Alice Cecile <alice.i.cecile@gmail.com>
# Objective
- Fix mismatch between the `Component` trait method and the `World`
method.
## Solution
- Replace init_component_info with register_component_hooks.
# Objective
- Provide a reliable and performant mechanism to allows users to keep
components synchronized with external sources: closing/opening sockets,
updating indexes, debugging etc.
- Implement a generic mechanism to provide mutable access to the world
without allowing structural changes; this will not only be used here but
is a foundational piece for observers, which are key for a performant
implementation of relations.
## Solution
- Implement a new type `DeferredWorld` (naming is not important,
`StaticWorld` is also suitable) that wraps a world pointer and prevents
user code from making any structural changes to the ECS; spawning
entities, creating components, initializing resources etc.
- Add component lifecycle hooks `on_add`, `on_insert` and `on_remove`
that can be assigned callbacks in user code.
---
## Changelog
- Add new `DeferredWorld` type.
- Add new world methods: `register_component::<T>` and
`register_component_with_descriptor`. These differ from `init_component`
in that they provide mutable access to the created `ComponentInfo` but
will panic if the component is already in any archetypes. These
restrictions serve two purposes:
1. Prevent users from defining hooks for components that may already
have associated hooks provided in another plugin. (a use case better
served by observers)
2. Ensure that when an `Archetype` is created it gets the appropriate
flags to early-out when triggering hooks.
- Add methods to `ComponentInfo`: `on_add`, `on_insert` and `on_remove`
to be used to register hooks of the form `fn(DeferredWorld, Entity,
ComponentId)`
- Modify `BundleInserter`, `BundleSpawner` and `EntityWorldMut` to
trigger component hooks when appropriate.
- Add bit flags to `Archetype` indicating whether or not any contained
components have each type of hook, this can be expanded for other flags
as needed.
- Add `component_hooks` example to illustrate usage. Try it out! It's
fun to mash keys.
## Safety
The changes to component insertion, removal and deletion involve a large
amount of unsafe code and it's fair for that to raise some concern. I
have attempted to document it as clearly as possible and have confirmed
that all the hooks examples are accepted by `cargo miri` as not causing
any undefined behavior. The largest issue is in ensuring there are no
outstanding references when passing a `DeferredWorld` to the hooks which
requires some use of raw pointers (as was already happening to some
degree in those places) and I have taken some time to ensure that is the
case but feel free to let me know if I've missed anything.
## Performance
These changes come with a small but measurable performance cost of
between 1-5% on `add_remove` benchmarks and between 1-3% on `insert`
benchmarks. One consideration to be made is the existence of the current
`RemovedComponents` which is on average more costly than the addition of
`on_remove` hooks due to the early-out, however hooks doesn't completely
remove the need for `RemovedComponents` as there is a chance you want to
respond to the removal of a component that already has an `on_remove`
hook defined in another plugin, so I have not removed it here. I do
intend to deprecate it with the introduction of observers in a follow up
PR.
## Discussion Questions
- Currently `DeferredWorld` implements `Deref` to `&World` which makes
sense conceptually, however it does cause some issues with rust-analyzer
providing autocomplete for `&mut World` references which is annoying.
There are alternative implementations that may address this but involve
more code churn so I have attempted them here. The other alternative is
to not implement `Deref` at all but that leads to a large amount of API
duplication.
- `DeferredWorld`, `StaticWorld`, something else?
- In adding support for hooks to `EntityWorldMut` I encountered some
unfortunate difficulties with my desired API. If commands are flushed
after each call i.e. `world.spawn() // flush commands .insert(A) //
flush commands` the entity may be despawned while `EntityWorldMut` still
exists which is invalid. An alternative was then to add
`self.world.flush_commands()` to the drop implementation for
`EntityWorldMut` but that runs into other problems for implementing
functions like `into_unsafe_entity_cell`. For now I have implemented a
`.flush()` which will flush the commands and consume `EntityWorldMut` or
users can manually run `world.flush_commands()` after using
`EntityWorldMut`.
- In order to allowing querying on a deferred world we need
implementations of `WorldQuery` to not break our guarantees of no
structural changes through their `UnsafeWorldCell`. All our
implementations do this, but there isn't currently any safety
documentation specifying what is or isn't allowed for an implementation,
just for the caller, (they also shouldn't be aliasing components they
didn't specify access for etc.) is that something we should start doing?
(see 10752)
Please check out the example `component_hooks` or the tests in
`bundle.rs` for usage examples. I will continue to expand this
description as I go.
See #10839 for a more ergonomic API built on top of this one that isn't
subject to the same restrictions and supports `SystemParam` dependency
injection.
