# Objective
Fixes#6689.
## Solution
Add `single-threaded` as an optional non-default feature to `bevy_ecs`
and `bevy_tasks` that:
- disable the `ParallelExecutor` as a default runner
- disables the multi-threaded `TaskPool`
- internally replace `QueryParIter::for_each` calls with
`Query::for_each`.
Removed the `Mutex` and `Arc` usage in the single-threaded task pool.
## Future Work/TODO
Create type aliases for `Mutex`, `Arc` that change to single-threaaded
equivalents where possible.
---
## Changelog
Added: Optional default feature `multi-theaded` to that enables
multithreaded parallelism in the engine. Disabling it disables all
multithreading in exchange for higher single threaded performance. Does
nothing on WASM targets.
---------
Co-authored-by: Carter Anderson <mcanders1@gmail.com>
# Objective
The clippy lint `type_complexity` is known not to play well with bevy.
It frequently triggers when writing complex queries, and taking the
lint's advice of using a type alias almost always just obfuscates the
code with no benefit. Because of this, this lint is currently ignored in
CI, but unfortunately it still shows up when viewing bevy code in an
IDE.
As someone who's made a fair amount of pull requests to this repo, I
will say that this issue has been a consistent thorn in my side. Since
bevy code is filled with spurious, ignorable warnings, it can be very
difficult to spot the *real* warnings that must be fixed -- most of the
time I just ignore all warnings, only to later find out that one of them
was real after I'm done when CI runs.
## Solution
Suppress this lint in all bevy crates. This was previously attempted in
#7050, but the review process ended up making it more complicated than
it needs to be and landed on a subpar solution.
The discussion in https://github.com/rust-lang/rust-clippy/pull/10571
explores some better long-term solutions to this problem. Since there is
no timeline on when these solutions may land, we should resolve this
issue in the meantime by locally suppressing these lints.
### Unresolved issues
Currently, these lints are not suppressed in our examples, since that
would require suppressing the lint in every single source file. They are
still ignored in CI.
# Objective
Fix#8179
## Solution
- Added `#![warn(missing_docs)]` and document all public items. All
methods on `Gizmos` have doc examples.
- Expanded the docs on the module/crate. Some unfortunate duplication
there :/
- Moved the methods from `GizmoBuffer` to be directly on `Gizmos` and
made `GizmoBuffer` private. This means the methods on `Gizmos` will show
up on its doc page.
---------
Co-authored-by: James Liu <contact@jamessliu.com>
# Objective
Add a convenient immediate mode drawing API for visual debugging.
Fixes#5619
Alternative to #1625
Partial alternative to #5734
Based off https://github.com/Toqozz/bevy_debug_lines with some changes:
* Simultaneous support for 2D and 3D.
* Methods for basic shapes; circles, spheres, rectangles, boxes, etc.
* 2D methods.
* Removed durations. Seemed niche, and can be handled by users.
<details>
<summary>Performance</summary>
Stress tested using Bevy's recommended optimization settings for the dev
profile with the
following command.
```bash
cargo run --example many_debug_lines \
--config "profile.dev.package.\"*\".opt-level=3" \
--config "profile.dev.opt-level=1"
```
I dipped to 65-70 FPS at 300,000 lines
CPU: 3700x
RAM Speed: 3200 Mhz
GPU: 2070 super - probably not very relevant, mostly cpu/memory bound
</details>
<details>
<summary>Fancy bloom screenshot</summary>
</details>
## Changelog
* Added `GizmoPlugin`
* Added `Gizmos` system parameter for drawing lines and wireshapes.
### TODO
- [ ] Update changelog
- [x] Update performance numbers
- [x] Add credit to PR description
### Future work
- Cache rendering primitives instead of constructing them out of line
segments each frame.
- Support for drawing solid meshes
- Interactions. (See
[bevy_mod_gizmos](https://github.com/LiamGallagher737/bevy_mod_gizmos))
- Fancier line drawing. (See
[bevy_polyline](https://github.com/ForesightMiningSoftwareCorporation/bevy_polyline))
- Support for `RenderLayers`
- Display gizmos for a certain duration. Currently everything displays
for one frame (ie. immediate mode)
- Changing settings per drawn item like drawing on top or drawing to
different `RenderLayers`
Co-Authored By: @lassade <felipe.jorge.pereira@gmail.com>
Co-Authored By: @The5-1 <agaku@hotmail.de>
Co-Authored By: @Toqozz <toqoz@hotmail.com>
Co-Authored By: @nicopap <nico@nicopap.ch>
---------
Co-authored-by: Robert Swain <robert.swain@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: IceSentry <c.giguere42@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: Carter Anderson <mcanders1@gmail.com>
# Objective
UIs created for Bevy cannot currently be made accessible. This PR aims to address that.
## Solution
Integrate AccessKit as a dependency, adding accessibility support to existing bevy_ui widgets.
## Changelog
### Added
* Integrate with and expose [AccessKit](https://accesskit.dev) for platform accessibility.
* Add `Label` for marking text specifically as a label for UI controls.
# Objective
- Updates list of plugins and feature information in `DefaultPlugins` doc comment
- Solve the short term issue of https://github.com/bevyengine/bevy/issues/7332
## Solution
- Update doc comment to reflect current implementation
- Sort plugins by appearance in implementation
# Objective
- Update winit to 0.28
## Solution
- Small API change
- A security advisory has been added for a unmaintained crate used by a dependency of winit build script for wayland
I didn't do anything for Android support in this PR though it should be fixable, it should be done in a separate one, maybe https://github.com/bevyengine/bevy/pull/6830
---
## Changelog
- `window.always_on_top` has been removed, you can now use `window.window_level`
## Migration Guide
before:
```rust
app.new()
.add_plugins(DefaultPlugins.set(WindowPlugin {
primary_window: Some(Window {
always_on_top: true,
..default()
}),
..default()
}));
```
after:
```rust
app.new()
.add_plugins(DefaultPlugins.set(WindowPlugin {
primary_window: Some(Window {
window_level: bevy:🪟:WindowLevel::AlwaysOnTop,
..default()
}),
..default()
}));
```
# Objective
The naming of the two plugin groups `DefaultPlugins` and `MinimalPlugins` suggests that one is a super-set of the other but this is not the case. Instead, the two plugin groups are intended for very different purposes.
Closes: https://github.com/bevyengine/bevy/issues/7173
## Solution
This merge request adds doc. comments that compensate for this and try save the user from confusion.
1. `DefaultPlugins` and `MinimalPlugins` intentions are described.
2. A strong emphasis on embracing `DefaultPlugins` as a whole but controlling what it contains with *Cargo* *features* is added – this is because the ordering in `DefaultPlugins` appears to be important so preventing users with "minimalist" foibles (That's Me!) from recreating the code seems worthwhile.
3. Notes are added explaining the confusing fact that `MinimalPlugins` contains `ScheduleRunnerPlugin` (which is very "important"-sounding) but `DefaultPlugins` does not.
# Objective
- Implement pipelined rendering
- Fixes#5082
- Fixes#4718
## User Facing Description
Bevy now implements piplelined rendering! Pipelined rendering allows the app logic and rendering logic to run on different threads leading to large gains in performance.
*tracy capture of many_foxes example*
To use pipelined rendering, you just need to add the `PipelinedRenderingPlugin`. If you're using `DefaultPlugins` then it will automatically be added for you on all platforms except wasm. Bevy does not currently support multithreading on wasm which is needed for this feature to work. If you aren't using `DefaultPlugins` you can add the plugin manually.
```rust
use bevy::prelude::*;
use bevy::render::pipelined_rendering::PipelinedRenderingPlugin;
fn main() {
App::new()
// whatever other plugins you need
.add_plugin(RenderPlugin)
// needs to be added after RenderPlugin
.add_plugin(PipelinedRenderingPlugin)
.run();
}
```
If for some reason pipelined rendering needs to be removed. You can also disable the plugin the normal way.
```rust
use bevy::prelude::*;
use bevy::render::pipelined_rendering::PipelinedRenderingPlugin;
fn main() {
App::new.add_plugins(DefaultPlugins.build().disable::<PipelinedRenderingPlugin>());
}
```
### A setup function was added to plugins
A optional plugin lifecycle function was added to the `Plugin trait`. This function is called after all plugins have been built, but before the app runner is called. This allows for some final setup to be done. In the case of pipelined rendering, the function removes the sub app from the main app and sends it to the render thread.
```rust
struct MyPlugin;
impl Plugin for MyPlugin {
fn build(&self, app: &mut App) {
}
// optional function
fn setup(&self, app: &mut App) {
// do some final setup before runner is called
}
}
```
### A Stage for Frame Pacing
In the `RenderExtractApp` there is a stage labelled `BeforeIoAfterRenderStart` that systems can be added to. The specific use case for this stage is for a frame pacing system that can delay the start of main app processing in render bound apps to reduce input latency i.e. "frame pacing". This is not currently built into bevy, but exists as `bevy`
```text
|-------------------------------------------------------------------|
| | BeforeIoAfterRenderStart | winit events | main schedule |
| extract |---------------------------------------------------------|
| | extract commands | rendering schedule |
|-------------------------------------------------------------------|
```
### Small API additions
* `Schedule::remove_stage`
* `App::insert_sub_app`
* `App::remove_sub_app`
* `TaskPool::scope_with_executor`
## Problems and Solutions
### Moving render app to another thread
Most of the hard bits for this were done with the render redo. This PR just sends the render app back and forth through channels which seems to work ok. I originally experimented with using a scope to run the render task. It was cuter, but that approach didn't allow render to start before i/o processing. So I switched to using channels. There is much complexity in the coordination that needs to be done, but it's worth it. By moving rendering during i/o processing the frame times should be much more consistent in render bound apps. See https://github.com/bevyengine/bevy/issues/4691.
### Unsoundness with Sending World with NonSend resources
Dropping !Send things on threads other than the thread they were spawned on is considered unsound. The render world doesn't have any nonsend resources. So if we tell the users to "pretty please don't spawn nonsend resource on the render world", we can avoid this problem.
More seriously there is this https://github.com/bevyengine/bevy/pull/6534 pr, which patches the unsoundness by aborting the app if a nonsend resource is dropped on the wrong thread. ~~That PR should probably be merged before this one.~~ For a longer term solution we have this discussion going https://github.com/bevyengine/bevy/discussions/6552.
### NonSend Systems in render world
The render world doesn't have any !Send resources, but it does have a non send system. While Window is Send, winit does have some API's that can only be accessed on the main thread. `prepare_windows` in the render schedule thus needs to be scheduled on the main thread. Currently we run nonsend systems by running them on the thread the TaskPool::scope runs on. When we move render to another thread this no longer works.
To fix this, a new `scope_with_executor` method was added that takes a optional `TheadExecutor` that can only be ticked on the thread it was initialized on. The render world then holds a `MainThreadExecutor` resource which can be passed to the scope in the parallel executor that it uses to spawn it's non send systems on.
### Scopes executors between render and main should not share tasks
Since the render world and the app world share the `ComputeTaskPool`. Because `scope` has executors for the ComputeTaskPool a system from the main world could run on the render thread or a render system could run on the main thread. This can cause performance problems because it can delay a stage from finishing. See https://github.com/bevyengine/bevy/pull/6503#issuecomment-1309791442 for more details.
To avoid this problem, `TaskPool::scope` has been changed to not tick the ComputeTaskPool when it's used by the parallel executor. In the future when we move closer to the 1 thread to 1 logical core model we may want to overprovide threads, because the render and main app threads don't do much when executing the schedule.
## Performance
My machine is Windows 11, AMD Ryzen 5600x, RX 6600
### Examples
#### This PR with pipelining vs Main
> Note that these were run on an older version of main and the performance profile has probably changed due to optimizations
Seeing a perf gain from 29% on many lights to 7% on many sprites.
<html>
<body>
<!--StartFragment--><google-sheets-html-origin>
| percent | | | Diff | | | Main | | | PR | |
-- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | --
tracy frame time | mean | median | sigma | mean | median | sigma | mean | median | sigma | mean | median | sigma
many foxes | 27.01% | 27.34% | -47.09% | 1.58 | 1.55 | -1.78 | 5.85 | 5.67 | 3.78 | 4.27 | 4.12 | 5.56
many lights | 29.35% | 29.94% | -10.84% | 3.02 | 3.03 | -0.57 | 10.29 | 10.12 | 5.26 | 7.27 | 7.09 | 5.83
many animated sprites | 13.97% | 15.69% | 14.20% | 3.79 | 4.17 | 1.41 | 27.12 | 26.57 | 9.93 | 23.33 | 22.4 | 8.52
3d scene | 25.79% | 26.78% | 7.46% | 0.49 | 0.49 | 0.15 | 1.9 | 1.83 | 2.01 | 1.41 | 1.34 | 1.86
many cubes | 11.97% | 11.28% | 14.51% | 1.93 | 1.78 | 1.31 | 16.13 | 15.78 | 9.03 | 14.2 | 14 | 7.72
many sprites | 7.14% | 9.42% | -85.42% | 1.72 | 2.23 | -6.15 | 24.09 | 23.68 | 7.2 | 22.37 | 21.45 | 13.35
<!--EndFragment-->
</body>
</html>
#### This PR with pipelining disabled vs Main
Mostly regressions here. I don't think this should be a problem as users that are disabling pipelined rendering are probably running single threaded and not using the parallel executor. The regression is probably mostly due to the switch to use `async_executor::run` instead of `try_tick` and also having one less thread to run systems on. I'll do a writeup on why switching to `run` causes regressions, so we can try to eventually fix it. Using try_tick causes issues when pipeline rendering is enable as seen [here](https://github.com/bevyengine/bevy/pull/6503#issuecomment-1380803518)
<html>
<body>
<!--StartFragment--><google-sheets-html-origin>
| percent | | | Diff | | | Main | | | PR no pipelining | |
-- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | --
tracy frame time | mean | median | sigma | mean | median | sigma | mean | median | sigma | mean | median | sigma
many foxes | -3.72% | -4.42% | -1.07% | -0.21 | -0.24 | -0.04 | 5.64 | 5.43 | 3.74 | 5.85 | 5.67 | 3.78
many lights | 0.29% | -0.30% | 4.75% | 0.03 | -0.03 | 0.25 | 10.29 | 10.12 | 5.26 | 10.26 | 10.15 | 5.01
many animated sprites | 0.22% | 1.81% | -2.72% | 0.06 | 0.48 | -0.27 | 27.12 | 26.57 | 9.93 | 27.06 | 26.09 | 10.2
3d scene | -15.79% | -14.75% | -31.34% | -0.3 | -0.27 | -0.63 | 1.9 | 1.83 | 2.01 | 2.2 | 2.1 | 2.64
many cubes | -2.85% | -3.30% | 0.00% | -0.46 | -0.52 | 0 | 16.13 | 15.78 | 9.03 | 16.59 | 16.3 | 9.03
many sprites | 2.49% | 2.41% | 0.69% | 0.6 | 0.57 | 0.05 | 24.09 | 23.68 | 7.2 | 23.49 | 23.11 | 7.15
<!--EndFragment-->
</body>
</html>
### Benchmarks
Mostly the same except empty_systems has got a touch slower. The maybe_pipelining+1 column has the compute task pool with an extra thread over default added. This is because pipelining loses one thread over main to execute systems on, since the main thread no longer runs normal systems.
<details>
<summary>Click Me</summary>
```text
group main maybe-pipelining+1
----- ------------------------- ------------------
busy_systems/01x_entities_03_systems 1.07 30.7±1.32µs ? ?/sec 1.00 28.6±1.35µs ? ?/sec
busy_systems/01x_entities_06_systems 1.10 52.1±1.10µs ? ?/sec 1.00 47.2±1.08µs ? ?/sec
busy_systems/01x_entities_09_systems 1.00 74.6±1.36µs ? ?/sec 1.00 75.0±1.93µs ? ?/sec
busy_systems/01x_entities_12_systems 1.03 100.6±6.68µs ? ?/sec 1.00 98.0±1.46µs ? ?/sec
busy_systems/01x_entities_15_systems 1.11 128.5±3.53µs ? ?/sec 1.00 115.5±1.02µs ? ?/sec
busy_systems/02x_entities_03_systems 1.16 50.4±2.56µs ? ?/sec 1.00 43.5±3.00µs ? ?/sec
busy_systems/02x_entities_06_systems 1.00 87.1±1.27µs ? ?/sec 1.05 91.5±7.15µs ? ?/sec
busy_systems/02x_entities_09_systems 1.04 139.9±6.37µs ? ?/sec 1.00 134.0±1.06µs ? ?/sec
busy_systems/02x_entities_12_systems 1.05 179.2±3.47µs ? ?/sec 1.00 170.1±3.17µs ? ?/sec
busy_systems/02x_entities_15_systems 1.01 219.6±3.75µs ? ?/sec 1.00 218.1±2.55µs ? ?/sec
busy_systems/03x_entities_03_systems 1.10 70.6±2.33µs ? ?/sec 1.00 64.3±0.69µs ? ?/sec
busy_systems/03x_entities_06_systems 1.02 130.2±3.11µs ? ?/sec 1.00 128.0±1.34µs ? ?/sec
busy_systems/03x_entities_09_systems 1.00 195.0±10.11µs ? ?/sec 1.00 194.8±1.41µs ? ?/sec
busy_systems/03x_entities_12_systems 1.01 261.7±4.05µs ? ?/sec 1.00 259.8±4.11µs ? ?/sec
busy_systems/03x_entities_15_systems 1.00 318.0±3.04µs ? ?/sec 1.06 338.3±20.25µs ? ?/sec
busy_systems/04x_entities_03_systems 1.00 82.9±0.63µs ? ?/sec 1.02 84.3±0.63µs ? ?/sec
busy_systems/04x_entities_06_systems 1.01 181.7±3.65µs ? ?/sec 1.00 179.8±1.76µs ? ?/sec
busy_systems/04x_entities_09_systems 1.04 265.0±4.68µs ? ?/sec 1.00 255.3±1.98µs ? ?/sec
busy_systems/04x_entities_12_systems 1.00 335.9±3.00µs ? ?/sec 1.05 352.6±15.84µs ? ?/sec
busy_systems/04x_entities_15_systems 1.00 418.6±10.26µs ? ?/sec 1.08 450.2±39.58µs ? ?/sec
busy_systems/05x_entities_03_systems 1.07 114.3±0.95µs ? ?/sec 1.00 106.9±1.52µs ? ?/sec
busy_systems/05x_entities_06_systems 1.08 229.8±2.90µs ? ?/sec 1.00 212.3±4.18µs ? ?/sec
busy_systems/05x_entities_09_systems 1.03 329.3±1.99µs ? ?/sec 1.00 319.2±2.43µs ? ?/sec
busy_systems/05x_entities_12_systems 1.06 454.7±6.77µs ? ?/sec 1.00 430.1±3.58µs ? ?/sec
busy_systems/05x_entities_15_systems 1.03 554.6±6.15µs ? ?/sec 1.00 538.4±23.87µs ? ?/sec
contrived/01x_entities_03_systems 1.00 14.0±0.15µs ? ?/sec 1.08 15.1±0.21µs ? ?/sec
contrived/01x_entities_06_systems 1.04 28.5±0.37µs ? ?/sec 1.00 27.4±0.44µs ? ?/sec
contrived/01x_entities_09_systems 1.00 41.5±4.38µs ? ?/sec 1.02 42.2±2.24µs ? ?/sec
contrived/01x_entities_12_systems 1.06 55.9±1.49µs ? ?/sec 1.00 52.6±1.36µs ? ?/sec
contrived/01x_entities_15_systems 1.02 68.0±2.00µs ? ?/sec 1.00 66.5±0.78µs ? ?/sec
contrived/02x_entities_03_systems 1.03 25.2±0.38µs ? ?/sec 1.00 24.6±0.52µs ? ?/sec
contrived/02x_entities_06_systems 1.00 46.3±0.49µs ? ?/sec 1.04 48.1±4.13µs ? ?/sec
contrived/02x_entities_09_systems 1.02 70.4±0.99µs ? ?/sec 1.00 68.8±1.04µs ? ?/sec
contrived/02x_entities_12_systems 1.06 96.8±1.49µs ? ?/sec 1.00 91.5±0.93µs ? ?/sec
contrived/02x_entities_15_systems 1.02 116.2±0.95µs ? ?/sec 1.00 114.2±1.42µs ? ?/sec
contrived/03x_entities_03_systems 1.00 33.2±0.38µs ? ?/sec 1.01 33.6±0.45µs ? ?/sec
contrived/03x_entities_06_systems 1.00 62.4±0.73µs ? ?/sec 1.01 63.3±1.05µs ? ?/sec
contrived/03x_entities_09_systems 1.02 96.4±0.85µs ? ?/sec 1.00 94.8±3.02µs ? ?/sec
contrived/03x_entities_12_systems 1.01 126.3±4.67µs ? ?/sec 1.00 125.6±2.27µs ? ?/sec
contrived/03x_entities_15_systems 1.03 160.2±9.37µs ? ?/sec 1.00 156.0±1.53µs ? ?/sec
contrived/04x_entities_03_systems 1.02 41.4±3.39µs ? ?/sec 1.00 40.5±0.52µs ? ?/sec
contrived/04x_entities_06_systems 1.00 78.9±1.61µs ? ?/sec 1.02 80.3±1.06µs ? ?/sec
contrived/04x_entities_09_systems 1.02 121.8±3.97µs ? ?/sec 1.00 119.2±1.46µs ? ?/sec
contrived/04x_entities_12_systems 1.00 157.8±1.48µs ? ?/sec 1.01 160.1±1.72µs ? ?/sec
contrived/04x_entities_15_systems 1.00 197.9±1.47µs ? ?/sec 1.08 214.2±34.61µs ? ?/sec
contrived/05x_entities_03_systems 1.00 49.1±0.33µs ? ?/sec 1.01 49.7±0.75µs ? ?/sec
contrived/05x_entities_06_systems 1.00 95.0±0.93µs ? ?/sec 1.00 94.6±0.94µs ? ?/sec
contrived/05x_entities_09_systems 1.01 143.2±1.68µs ? ?/sec 1.00 142.2±2.00µs ? ?/sec
contrived/05x_entities_12_systems 1.00 191.8±2.03µs ? ?/sec 1.01 192.7±7.88µs ? ?/sec
contrived/05x_entities_15_systems 1.02 239.7±3.71µs ? ?/sec 1.00 235.8±4.11µs ? ?/sec
empty_systems/000_systems 1.01 47.8±0.67ns ? ?/sec 1.00 47.5±2.02ns ? ?/sec
empty_systems/001_systems 1.00 1743.2±126.14ns ? ?/sec 1.01 1761.1±70.10ns ? ?/sec
empty_systems/002_systems 1.01 2.2±0.04µs ? ?/sec 1.00 2.2±0.02µs ? ?/sec
empty_systems/003_systems 1.02 2.7±0.09µs ? ?/sec 1.00 2.7±0.16µs ? ?/sec
empty_systems/004_systems 1.00 3.1±0.11µs ? ?/sec 1.00 3.1±0.24µs ? ?/sec
empty_systems/005_systems 1.00 3.5±0.05µs ? ?/sec 1.11 3.9±0.70µs ? ?/sec
empty_systems/010_systems 1.00 5.5±0.12µs ? ?/sec 1.03 5.7±0.17µs ? ?/sec
empty_systems/015_systems 1.00 7.9±0.19µs ? ?/sec 1.06 8.4±0.16µs ? ?/sec
empty_systems/020_systems 1.00 10.4±1.25µs ? ?/sec 1.02 10.6±0.18µs ? ?/sec
empty_systems/025_systems 1.00 12.4±0.39µs ? ?/sec 1.14 14.1±1.07µs ? ?/sec
empty_systems/030_systems 1.00 15.1±0.39µs ? ?/sec 1.05 15.8±0.62µs ? ?/sec
empty_systems/035_systems 1.00 16.9±0.47µs ? ?/sec 1.07 18.0±0.37µs ? ?/sec
empty_systems/040_systems 1.00 19.3±0.41µs ? ?/sec 1.05 20.3±0.39µs ? ?/sec
empty_systems/045_systems 1.00 22.4±1.67µs ? ?/sec 1.02 22.9±0.51µs ? ?/sec
empty_systems/050_systems 1.00 24.4±1.67µs ? ?/sec 1.01 24.7±0.40µs ? ?/sec
empty_systems/055_systems 1.05 28.6±5.27µs ? ?/sec 1.00 27.2±0.70µs ? ?/sec
empty_systems/060_systems 1.02 29.9±1.64µs ? ?/sec 1.00 29.3±0.66µs ? ?/sec
empty_systems/065_systems 1.02 32.7±3.15µs ? ?/sec 1.00 32.1±0.98µs ? ?/sec
empty_systems/070_systems 1.00 33.0±1.42µs ? ?/sec 1.03 34.1±1.44µs ? ?/sec
empty_systems/075_systems 1.00 34.8±0.89µs ? ?/sec 1.04 36.2±0.70µs ? ?/sec
empty_systems/080_systems 1.00 37.0±1.82µs ? ?/sec 1.05 38.7±1.37µs ? ?/sec
empty_systems/085_systems 1.00 38.7±0.76µs ? ?/sec 1.05 40.8±0.83µs ? ?/sec
empty_systems/090_systems 1.00 41.5±1.09µs ? ?/sec 1.04 43.2±0.82µs ? ?/sec
empty_systems/095_systems 1.00 43.6±1.10µs ? ?/sec 1.04 45.2±0.99µs ? ?/sec
empty_systems/100_systems 1.00 46.7±2.27µs ? ?/sec 1.03 48.1±1.25µs ? ?/sec
```
</details>
## Migration Guide
### App `runner` and SubApp `extract` functions are now required to be Send
This was changed to enable pipelined rendering. If this breaks your use case please report it as these new bounds might be able to be relaxed.
## ToDo
* [x] redo benchmarking
* [x] reinvestigate the perf of the try_tick -> run change for task pool scope
# Objective
- Fixes#7081.
## Solution
- Moved functionality from kitchen sink plugin `CorePlugin` to separate plugins, `TaskPoolPlugin`, `TypeRegistrationPlugin`, `FrameCountPlugin`. `TaskPoolOptions` resource should now be used with `TaskPoolPlugin`.
## Changelog
Minimal changes made (code kept in `bevy_core/lib.rs`).
## Migration Guide
- `CorePlugin` broken into separate plugins. If not using `DefaultPlugins` or `MinimalPlugins` `PluginGroup`s, the replacement for `CorePlugin` is now to add `TaskPoolPlugin`, `TypeRegistrationPlugin`, and `FrameCountPlugin` to the app.
## Notes
- Consistent with Bevy goal "modularity over deep integration" but the functionality of `TypeRegistrationPlugin` and `FrameCountPlugin` is weak (the code has to go somewhere, though!).
- No additional tests written.
This reverts commit 53d387f340.
# Objective
Reverts #6448. This didn't have the intended effect: we're now getting bevy::prelude shown in the docs again.
Co-authored-by: Alejandro Pascual <alejandro.pascual.pozo@gmail.com>
# Objective
- Right now re-exports are completely hidden in prelude docs.
- Fixes#6433
## Solution
- We could show the re-exports without inlining their documentation.
# Objective
- Make it impossible to add a plugin twice
- This is going to be more a risk for plugins with configurations, to avoid things like `App::new().add_plugins(DefaultPlugins).add_plugin(ImagePlugin::default_nearest())`
## Solution
- Panic when a plugin is added twice
- It's still possible to mark a plugin as not unique by overriding `is_unique`
- ~~Simpler version of~~ #3988 (not simpler anymore because of how `PluginGroupBuilder` implements `PluginGroup`)
# Objective
- Build on #6336 for more plugin configurations
## Solution
- `LogSettings`, `ImageSettings` and `DefaultTaskPoolOptions` are now plugins settings rather than resources
---
## Changelog
- `LogSettings` plugin settings have been move to `LogPlugin`, `ImageSettings` to `ImagePlugin` and `DefaultTaskPoolOptions` to `CorePlugin`
## Migration Guide
The `LogSettings` settings have been moved from a resource to `LogPlugin` configuration:
```rust
// Old (Bevy 0.8)
app
.insert_resource(LogSettings {
level: Level::DEBUG,
filter: "wgpu=error,bevy_render=info,bevy_ecs=trace".to_string(),
})
.add_plugins(DefaultPlugins)
// New (Bevy 0.9)
app.add_plugins(DefaultPlugins.set(LogPlugin {
level: Level::DEBUG,
filter: "wgpu=error,bevy_render=info,bevy_ecs=trace".to_string(),
}))
```
The `ImageSettings` settings have been moved from a resource to `ImagePlugin` configuration:
```rust
// Old (Bevy 0.8)
app
.insert_resource(ImageSettings::default_nearest())
.add_plugins(DefaultPlugins)
// New (Bevy 0.9)
app.add_plugins(DefaultPlugins.set(ImagePlugin::default_nearest()))
```
The `DefaultTaskPoolOptions` settings have been moved from a resource to `CorePlugin::task_pool_options`:
```rust
// Old (Bevy 0.8)
app
.insert_resource(DefaultTaskPoolOptions::with_num_threads(4))
.add_plugins(DefaultPlugins)
// New (Bevy 0.9)
app.add_plugins(DefaultPlugins.set(CorePlugin {
task_pool_options: TaskPoolOptions::with_num_threads(4),
}))
```
# Objective
Fixes#5884#2879
Alternative to #2988#5885#2886
"Immutable" Plugin settings are currently represented as normal ECS resources, which are read as part of plugin init. This presents a number of problems:
1. If a user inserts the plugin settings resource after the plugin is initialized, it will be silently ignored (and use the defaults instead)
2. Users can modify the plugin settings resource after the plugin has been initialized. This creates a false sense of control over settings that can no longer be changed.
(1) and (2) are especially problematic and confusing for the `WindowDescriptor` resource, but this is a general problem.
## Solution
Immutable Plugin settings now live on each Plugin struct (ex: `WindowPlugin`). PluginGroups have been reworked to support overriding plugin values. This also removes the need for the `add_plugins_with` api, as the `add_plugins` api can use the builder pattern directly. Settings that can be used at runtime continue to be represented as ECS resources.
Plugins are now configured like this:
```rust
app.add_plugin(AssetPlugin {
watch_for_changes: true,
..default()
})
```
PluginGroups are now configured like this:
```rust
app.add_plugins(DefaultPlugins
.set(AssetPlugin {
watch_for_changes: true,
..default()
})
)
```
This is an alternative to #2988, which is similar. But I personally prefer this solution for a couple of reasons:
* ~~#2988 doesn't solve (1)~~ #2988 does solve (1) and will panic in that case. I was wrong!
* This PR directly ties plugin settings to Plugin types in a 1:1 relationship, rather than a loose "setup resource" <-> plugin coupling (where the setup resource is consumed by the first plugin that uses it).
* I'm not a huge fan of overloading the ECS resource concept and implementation for something that has very different use cases and constraints.
## Changelog
- PluginGroups can now be configured directly using the builder pattern. Individual plugin values can be overridden by using `plugin_group.set(SomePlugin {})`, which enables overriding default plugin values.
- `WindowDescriptor` plugin settings have been moved to `WindowPlugin` and `AssetServerSettings` have been moved to `AssetPlugin`
- `app.add_plugins_with` has been replaced by using `add_plugins` with the builder pattern.
## Migration Guide
The `WindowDescriptor` settings have been moved from a resource to `WindowPlugin::window`:
```rust
// Old (Bevy 0.8)
app
.insert_resource(WindowDescriptor {
width: 400.0,
..default()
})
.add_plugins(DefaultPlugins)
// New (Bevy 0.9)
app.add_plugins(DefaultPlugins.set(WindowPlugin {
window: WindowDescriptor {
width: 400.0,
..default()
},
..default()
}))
```
The `AssetServerSettings` resource has been removed in favor of direct `AssetPlugin` configuration:
```rust
// Old (Bevy 0.8)
app
.insert_resource(AssetServerSettings {
watch_for_changes: true,
..default()
})
.add_plugins(DefaultPlugins)
// New (Bevy 0.9)
app.add_plugins(DefaultPlugins.set(AssetPlugin {
watch_for_changes: true,
..default()
}))
```
`add_plugins_with` has been replaced by `add_plugins` in combination with the builder pattern:
```rust
// Old (Bevy 0.8)
app.add_plugins_with(DefaultPlugins, |group| group.disable::<AssetPlugin>());
// New (Bevy 0.9)
app.add_plugins(DefaultPlugins.build().disable::<AssetPlugin>());
```
# Objective
- Even though it's marked as optional, it is no longer possible to not depend on `bevy_render` as it's a dependency of `bevy_scene`
## Solution
- Make `bevy_scene` optional
- For the minimalist among us, also make `bevy_asset` optional
# Objective
Reduce the catch-all grab-bag of functionality in bevy_core by minimally splitting off time functionality into bevy_time. Functionality like that provided by #3002 would increase the complexity of bevy_time, so this is a good candidate for pulling into its own unit.
A step in addressing #2931 and splitting bevy_core into more specific locations.
## Solution
Pull the time module of bevy_core into a new crate, bevy_time.
# Migration guide
- Time related types (e.g. `Time`, `Timer`, `Stopwatch`, `FixedTimestep`, etc.) should be imported from `bevy::time::*` rather than `bevy::core::*`.
- If you were adding `CorePlugin` manually, you'll also want to add `TimePlugin` from `bevy::time`.
- The `bevy::core::CorePlugin::Time` system label is replaced with `bevy::time::TimeSystem`.
Co-authored-by: Carter Anderson <mcanders1@gmail.com>
# Objective
The pointer types introduced in #3001 are useful not just in `bevy_ecs`, but also in crates like `bevy_reflect` (#4475) or even outside of bevy.
## Solution
Extract `Ptr<'a>`, `PtrMut<'a>`, `OwnedPtr<'a>`, `ThinSlicePtr<'a, T>` and `UnsafeCellDeref` from `bevy_ecs::ptr` into `bevy_ptr`.
**Note:** `bevy_ecs` still reexports the `bevy_ptr` as `bevy_ecs::ptr` so that crates like `bevy_transform` can use the `Bundle` derive without needing to depend on `bevy_ptr` themselves.
# Objective
A common pattern in Rust is the [newtype](https://doc.rust-lang.org/rust-by-example/generics/new_types.html). This is an especially useful pattern in Bevy as it allows us to give common/foreign types different semantics (such as allowing it to implement `Component` or `FromWorld`) or to simply treat them as a "new type" (clever). For example, it allows us to wrap a common `Vec<String>` and do things like:
```rust
#[derive(Component)]
struct Items(Vec<String>);
fn give_sword(query: Query<&mut Items>) {
query.single_mut().0.push(String::from("Flaming Poisoning Raging Sword of Doom"));
}
```
> We could then define another struct that wraps `Vec<String>` without anything clashing in the query.
However, one of the worst parts of this pattern is the ugly `.0` we have to write in order to access the type we actually care about. This is why people often implement `Deref` and `DerefMut` in order to get around this.
Since it's such a common pattern, especially for Bevy, it makes sense to add a derive macro to automatically add those implementations.
## Solution
Added a derive macro for `Deref` and another for `DerefMut` (both exported into the prelude). This works on all structs (including tuple structs) as long as they only contain a single field:
```rust
#[derive(Deref)]
struct Foo(String);
#[derive(Deref, DerefMut)]
struct Bar {
name: String,
}
```
This allows us to then remove that pesky `.0`:
```rust
#[derive(Component, Deref, DerefMut)]
struct Items(Vec<String>);
fn give_sword(query: Query<&mut Items>) {
query.single_mut().push(String::from("Flaming Poisoning Raging Sword of Doom"));
}
```
### Alternatives
There are other alternatives to this such as by using the [`derive_more`](https://crates.io/crates/derive_more) crate. However, it doesn't seem like we need an entire crate just yet since we only need `Deref` and `DerefMut` (for now).
### Considerations
One thing to consider is that the Rust std library recommends _not_ using `Deref` and `DerefMut` for things like this: "`Deref` should only be implemented for smart pointers to avoid confusion" ([reference](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/ops/trait.Deref.html)). Personally, I believe it makes sense to use it in the way described above, but others may disagree.
### Additional Context
Discord: https://discord.com/channels/691052431525675048/692572690833473578/956648422163746827 (controversiality discussed [here](https://discord.com/channels/691052431525675048/692572690833473578/956711911481835630))
---
## Changelog
- Add `Deref` derive macro (exported to prelude)
- Add `DerefMut` derive macro (exported to prelude)
- Updated most newtypes in examples to use one or both derives
Co-authored-by: MrGVSV <49806985+MrGVSV@users.noreply.github.com>
# Objective
- Support compressed textures including 'universal' formats (ETC1S, UASTC) and transcoding of them to
- Support `.dds`, `.ktx2`, and `.basis` files
## Solution
- Fixes https://github.com/bevyengine/bevy/issues/3608 Look there for more details.
- Note that the functionality is all enabled through non-default features. If it is desirable to enable some by default, I can do that.
- The `basis-universal` crate, used for `.basis` file support and for transcoding, is built on bindings against a C++ library. It's not feasible to rewrite in Rust in a short amount of time. There are no Rust alternatives of which I am aware and it's specialised code. In its current state it doesn't support the wasm target, but I don't know for sure. However, it is possible to build the upstream C++ library with emscripten, so there is perhaps a way to add support for web too with some shenanigans.
- There's no support for transcoding from BasisLZ/ETC1S in KTX2 files as it was quite non-trivial to implement and didn't feel important given people could use `.basis` files for ETC1S.
# Objective
- Hierarchy tools are not just used for `Transform`: they are also used for scenes.
- In the future there's interest in using them for other features, such as visiibility inheritance.
- The fact that these tools are found in `bevy_transform` causes a great deal of user and developer confusion
- Fixes#2758.
## Solution
- Split `bevy_transform` into two!
- Make everything work again.
Note that this is a very tightly scoped PR: I *know* there are code quality and docs issues that existed in bevy_transform that I've just moved around. We should fix those in a seperate PR and try to merge this ASAP to reduce the bitrot involved in splitting an entire crate.
## Frustrations
The API around `GlobalTransform` is a mess: we have massive code and docs duplication, no link between the two types and no clear way to extend this to other forms of inheritance.
In the medium-term, I feel pretty strongly that `GlobalTransform` should be replaced by something like `Inherited<Transform>`, which lives in `bevy_hierarchy`:
- avoids code duplication
- makes the inheritance pattern extensible
- links the types at the type-level
- allows us to remove all references to inheritance from `bevy_transform`, making it more useful as a standalone crate and cleaning up its docs
## Additional context
- double-blessed by @cart in https://github.com/bevyengine/bevy/issues/4141#issuecomment-1063592414 and https://github.com/bevyengine/bevy/issues/2758#issuecomment-913810963
- preparation for more advanced / cleaner hierarchy tools: go read https://github.com/bevyengine/rfcs/pull/53 !
- originally attempted by @finegeometer in #2789. It was a great idea, just needed more discussion!
Co-authored-by: Carter Anderson <mcanders1@gmail.com>
Adds a `default()` shorthand for `Default::default()` ... because life is too short to constantly type `Default::default()`.
```rust
use bevy::prelude::*;
#[derive(Default)]
struct Foo {
bar: usize,
baz: usize,
}
// Normally you would do this:
let foo = Foo {
bar: 10,
..Default::default()
};
// But now you can do this:
let foo = Foo {
bar: 10,
..default()
};
```
The examples have been adapted to use `..default()`. I've left internal crates as-is for now because they don't pull in the bevy prelude, and the ergonomics of each case should be considered individually.
Adds "hot reloading" of internal assets, which is normally not possible because they are loaded using `include_str` / direct Asset collection access.
This is accomplished via the following:
* Add a new `debug_asset_server` feature flag
* When that feature flag is enabled, create a second App with a second AssetServer that points to a configured location (by default the `crates` folder). Plugins that want to add hot reloading support for their assets can call the new `app.add_debug_asset::<T>()` and `app.init_debug_asset_loader::<T>()` functions.
* Load "internal" assets using the new `load_internal_asset` macro. By default this is identical to the current "include_str + register in asset collection" approach. But if the `debug_asset_server` feature flag is enabled, it will also load the asset dynamically in the debug asset server using the file path. It will then set up a correlation between the "debug asset" and the "actual asset" by listening for asset change events.
This is an alternative to #3673. The goal was to keep the boilerplate and features flags to a minimum for bevy plugin authors, and allow them to home their shaders near relevant code.
This is a draft because I haven't done _any_ quality control on this yet. I'll probably rename things and remove a bunch of unwraps. I just got it working and wanted to use it to start a conversation.
Fixes#3660
# Objective
- `WgpuOptions` is mutated to be updated with the actual device limits and features, but this information is readily available to both the main and render worlds through the `RenderDevice` which has .limits() and .features() methods
- Information about the adapter in terms of its name, the backend in use, etc were not being exposed but have clear use cases for being used to take decisions about what rendering code to use. For example, if something works well on AMD GPUs but poorly on Intel GPUs. Or perhaps something works well in Vulkan but poorly in DX12.
## Solution
- Stop mutating `WgpuOptions `and don't insert the updated values into the main and render worlds
- Return `AdapterInfo` from `initialize_renderer` and insert it into the main and render worlds
- Use `RenderDevice` limits in the lighting code that was using `WgpuOptions.limits`.
- Renamed `WgpuOptions` to `WgpuSettings`
# Objective
CI should check for missing backticks in doc comments.
Fixes#3435
## Solution
`clippy` has a lint for this: `doc_markdown`. This enables that lint in the CI script.
Of course, enabling this lint in CI causes a bunch of lint errors, so I've gone through and fixed all of them. This was a huge edit that touched a ton of files, so I split the PR up by crate.
When all of the following are merged, the CI should pass and this can be merged.
+ [x] #3467
+ [x] #3468
+ [x] #3470
+ [x] #3469
+ [x] #3471
+ [x] #3472
+ [x] #3473
+ [x] #3474
+ [x] #3475
+ [x] #3476
+ [x] #3477
+ [x] #3478
+ [x] #3479
+ [x] #3480
+ [x] #3481
+ [x] #3482
+ [x] #3483
+ [x] #3484
+ [x] #3485
+ [x] #3486
# Objective
This contributes documentation that should cover the entirety of bevy_internal as requested in #3492
## Solution
warn(missing_docs) has been activated and documentation has been added to missing parts so that no warnings appear from this setting
# Objective
- There are a few warnings when building Bevy docs for dead links
- CI seems to not catch those warnings when it should
## Solution
- Enable doc CI on all Bevy workspace
- Fix warnings
- Also noticed plugin GilrsPlugin was not added anymore when feature was enabled
First commit to check that CI would actually fail with it: https://github.com/bevyengine/bevy/runs/4532652688?check_suite_focus=true
Co-authored-by: François <8672791+mockersf@users.noreply.github.com>
This makes the [New Bevy Renderer](#2535) the default (and only) renderer. The new renderer isn't _quite_ ready for the final release yet, but I want as many people as possible to start testing it so we can identify bugs and address feedback prior to release.
The examples are all ported over and operational with a few exceptions:
* I removed a good portion of the examples in the `shader` folder. We still have some work to do in order to make these examples possible / ergonomic / worthwhile: #3120 and "high level shader material plugins" are the big ones. This is a temporary measure.
* Temporarily removed the multiple_windows example: doing this properly in the new renderer will require the upcoming "render targets" changes. Same goes for the render_to_texture example.
* Removed z_sort_debug: entity visibility sort info is no longer available in app logic. we could do this on the "render app" side, but i dont consider it a priority.
# Objective
Port bevy_ui to pipelined-rendering (see #2535 )
## Solution
I did some changes during the port:
- [X] separate color from the texture asset (as suggested [here](https://discord.com/channels/691052431525675048/743663924229963868/874353914525413406))
- [X] ~give the vertex shader a per-instance buffer instead of per-vertex buffer~ (incompatible with batching)
Remaining features to implement to reach parity with the old renderer:
- [x] textures
- [X] TextBundle
I'd also like to add these features, but they need some design discussion:
- [x] batching
- [ ] separate opaque and transparent phases
- [ ] multiple windows
- [ ] texture atlases
- [ ] (maybe) clipping
# Objective
Make possible to use wgpu gles backend on in the browser (wasm32 + WebGL2).
## Solution
It is built on top of old @cart patch initializing windows before wgpu. Also:
- initializes wgpu with `Backends::GL` and proper `wgpu::Limits` on wasm32
- changes default texture format to `wgpu::TextureFormat::Rgba8UnormSrgb`
Co-authored-by: Mariusz Kryński <mrk@sed.pl>
I didn't know about MinimalPlugins for way too long. This should increase visibility for others.
# Objective
Improve visibility and discover in the docs for Default and Minimal Plugins.
## Solution
Links the two Docs pages.
Co-authored-by: Mirko Rainer <52899592+mirkoRainer@users.noreply.github.com>
# Objective
Port bevy_gltf to the pipelined-rendering branch.
## Solution
crates/bevy_gltf has been copied and pasted into pipelined/bevy_gltf2 and modifications were made to work with the pipelined-rendering branch. Notably vertex tangents and vertex colours are not supported.
Co-authored-by: Carter Anderson <mcanders1@gmail.com>
This decouples the opinionated "core pipeline" from the new (less opinionated) bevy_render crate. The "core pipeline" is intended to be used by crates like bevy_sprites, bevy_pbr, bevy_ui, and 3rd party crates that extends core rendering functionality.
This obsoletes #1111 and #2445, since @ColonisationCaptain and @temhotaokeaha haven't replied to #2373.
I believe that both of those PRs would be fine to keep, but they're even more fine to keep now :)
Fixes#1895
Changed most `println` to `info` in examples, some to `warn` when it was useful to differentiate from other more noisy logs.
Added doc on `LogPlugin`, how to configure it, and why (and how) you may need to disable it
This is a rebase of StarArawns PBR work from #261 with IngmarBitters work from #1160 cherry-picked on top.
I had to make a few minor changes to make some intermediate commits compile and the end result is not yet 100% what I expected, so there's a bit more work to do.
Co-authored-by: John Mitchell <toasterthegamer@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: Ingmar Bitter <ingmar.bitter@gmail.com>
# Bevy ECS V2
This is a rewrite of Bevy ECS (basically everything but the new executor/schedule, which are already awesome). The overall goal was to improve the performance and versatility of Bevy ECS. Here is a quick bulleted list of changes before we dive into the details:
* Complete World rewrite
* Multiple component storage types:
* Tables: fast cache friendly iteration, slower add/removes (previously called Archetypes)
* Sparse Sets: fast add/remove, slower iteration
* Stateful Queries (caches query results for faster iteration. fragmented iteration is _fast_ now)
* Stateful System Params (caches expensive operations. inspired by @DJMcNab's work in #1364)
* Configurable System Params (users can set configuration when they construct their systems. once again inspired by @DJMcNab's work)
* Archetypes are now "just metadata", component storage is separate
* Archetype Graph (for faster archetype changes)
* Component Metadata
* Configure component storage type
* Retrieve information about component size/type/name/layout/send-ness/etc
* Components are uniquely identified by a densely packed ComponentId
* TypeIds are now totally optional (which should make implementing scripting easier)
* Super fast "for_each" query iterators
* Merged Resources into World. Resources are now just a special type of component
* EntityRef/EntityMut builder apis (more efficient and more ergonomic)
* Fast bitset-backed `Access<T>` replaces old hashmap-based approach everywhere
* Query conflicts are determined by component access instead of archetype component access (to avoid random failures at runtime)
* With/Without are still taken into account for conflicts, so this should still be comfy to use
* Much simpler `IntoSystem` impl
* Significantly reduced the amount of hashing throughout the ecs in favor of Sparse Sets (indexed by densely packed ArchetypeId, ComponentId, BundleId, and TableId)
* Safety Improvements
* Entity reservation uses a normal world reference instead of unsafe transmute
* QuerySets no longer transmute lifetimes
* Made traits "unsafe" where relevant
* More thorough safety docs
* WorldCell
* Exposes safe mutable access to multiple resources at a time in a World
* Replaced "catch all" `System::update_archetypes(world: &World)` with `System::new_archetype(archetype: &Archetype)`
* Simpler Bundle implementation
* Replaced slow "remove_bundle_one_by_one" used as fallback for Commands::remove_bundle with fast "remove_bundle_intersection"
* Removed `Mut<T>` query impl. it is better to only support one way: `&mut T`
* Removed with() from `Flags<T>` in favor of `Option<Flags<T>>`, which allows querying for flags to be "filtered" by default
* Components now have is_send property (currently only resources support non-send)
* More granular module organization
* New `RemovedComponents<T>` SystemParam that replaces `query.removed::<T>()`
* `world.resource_scope()` for mutable access to resources and world at the same time
* WorldQuery and QueryFilter traits unified. FilterFetch trait added to enable "short circuit" filtering. Auto impled for cases that don't need it
* Significantly slimmed down SystemState in favor of individual SystemParam state
* System Commands changed from `commands: &mut Commands` back to `mut commands: Commands` (to allow Commands to have a World reference)
Fixes#1320
## `World` Rewrite
This is a from-scratch rewrite of `World` that fills the niche that `hecs` used to. Yes, this means Bevy ECS is no longer a "fork" of hecs. We're going out our own!
(the only shared code between the projects is the entity id allocator, which is already basically ideal)
A huge shout out to @SanderMertens (author of [flecs](https://github.com/SanderMertens/flecs)) for sharing some great ideas with me (specifically hybrid ecs storage and archetype graphs). He also helped advise on a number of implementation details.
## Component Storage (The Problem)
Two ECS storage paradigms have gained a lot of traction over the years:
* **Archetypal ECS**:
* Stores components in "tables" with static schemas. Each "column" stores components of a given type. Each "row" is an entity.
* Each "archetype" has its own table. Adding/removing an entity's component changes the archetype.
* Enables super-fast Query iteration due to its cache-friendly data layout
* Comes at the cost of more expensive add/remove operations for an Entity's components, because all components need to be copied to the new archetype's "table"
* **Sparse Set ECS**:
* Stores components of the same type in densely packed arrays, which are sparsely indexed by densely packed unsigned integers (Entity ids)
* Query iteration is slower than Archetypal ECS because each entity's component could be at any position in the sparse set. This "random access" pattern isn't cache friendly. Additionally, there is an extra layer of indirection because you must first map the entity id to an index in the component array.
* Adding/removing components is a cheap, constant time operation
Bevy ECS V1, hecs, legion, flec, and Unity DOTS are all "archetypal ecs-es". I personally think "archetypal" storage is a good default for game engines. An entity's archetype doesn't need to change frequently in general, and it creates "fast by default" query iteration (which is a much more common operation). It is also "self optimizing". Users don't need to think about optimizing component layouts for iteration performance. It "just works" without any extra boilerplate.
Shipyard and EnTT are "sparse set ecs-es". They employ "packing" as a way to work around the "suboptimal by default" iteration performance for specific sets of components. This helps, but I didn't think this was a good choice for a general purpose engine like Bevy because:
1. "packs" conflict with each other. If bevy decides to internally pack the Transform and GlobalTransform components, users are then blocked if they want to pack some custom component with Transform.
2. users need to take manual action to optimize
Developers selecting an ECS framework are stuck with a hard choice. Select an "archetypal" framework with "fast iteration everywhere" but without the ability to cheaply add/remove components, or select a "sparse set" framework to cheaply add/remove components but with slower iteration performance.
## Hybrid Component Storage (The Solution)
In Bevy ECS V2, we get to have our cake and eat it too. It now has _both_ of the component storage types above (and more can be added later if needed):
* **Tables** (aka "archetypal" storage)
* The default storage. If you don't configure anything, this is what you get
* Fast iteration by default
* Slower add/remove operations
* **Sparse Sets**
* Opt-in
* Slower iteration
* Faster add/remove operations
These storage types complement each other perfectly. By default Query iteration is fast. If developers know that they want to add/remove a component at high frequencies, they can set the storage to "sparse set":
```rust
world.register_component(
ComponentDescriptor:🆕:<MyComponent>(StorageType::SparseSet)
).unwrap();
```
## Archetypes
Archetypes are now "just metadata" ... they no longer store components directly. They do store:
* The `ComponentId`s of each of the Archetype's components (and that component's storage type)
* Archetypes are uniquely defined by their component layouts
* For example: entities with "table" components `[A, B, C]` _and_ "sparse set" components `[D, E]` will always be in the same archetype.
* The `TableId` associated with the archetype
* For now each archetype has exactly one table (which can have no components),
* There is a 1->Many relationship from Tables->Archetypes. A given table could have any number of archetype components stored in it:
* Ex: an entity with "table storage" components `[A, B, C]` and "sparse set" components `[D, E]` will share the same `[A, B, C]` table as an entity with `[A, B, C]` table component and `[F]` sparse set components.
* This 1->Many relationship is how we preserve fast "cache friendly" iteration performance when possible (more on this later)
* A list of entities that are in the archetype and the row id of the table they are in
* ArchetypeComponentIds
* unique densely packed identifiers for (ArchetypeId, ComponentId) pairs
* used by the schedule executor for cheap system access control
* "Archetype Graph Edges" (see the next section)
## The "Archetype Graph"
Archetype changes in Bevy (and a number of other archetypal ecs-es) have historically been expensive to compute. First, you need to allocate a new vector of the entity's current component ids, add or remove components based on the operation performed, sort it (to ensure it is order-independent), then hash it to find the archetype (if it exists). And thats all before we get to the _already_ expensive full copy of all components to the new table storage.
The solution is to build a "graph" of archetypes to cache these results. @SanderMertens first exposed me to the idea (and he got it from @gjroelofs, who came up with it). They propose adding directed edges between archetypes for add/remove component operations. If `ComponentId`s are densely packed, you can use sparse sets to cheaply jump between archetypes.
Bevy takes this one step further by using add/remove `Bundle` edges instead of `Component` edges. Bevy encourages the use of `Bundles` to group add/remove operations. This is largely for "clearer game logic" reasons, but it also helps cut down on the number of archetype changes required. `Bundles` now also have densely-packed `BundleId`s. This allows us to use a _single_ edge for each bundle operation (rather than needing to traverse N edges ... one for each component). Single component operations are also bundles, so this is strictly an improvement over a "component only" graph.
As a result, an operation that used to be _heavy_ (both for allocations and compute) is now two dirt-cheap array lookups and zero allocations.
## Stateful Queries
World queries are now stateful. This allows us to:
1. Cache archetype (and table) matches
* This resolves another issue with (naive) archetypal ECS: query performance getting worse as the number of archetypes goes up (and fragmentation occurs).
2. Cache Fetch and Filter state
* The expensive parts of fetch/filter operations (such as hashing the TypeId to find the ComponentId) now only happen once when the Query is first constructed
3. Incrementally build up state
* When new archetypes are added, we only process the new archetypes (no need to rebuild state for old archetypes)
As a result, the direct `World` query api now looks like this:
```rust
let mut query = world.query::<(&A, &mut B)>();
for (a, mut b) in query.iter_mut(&mut world) {
}
```
Requiring `World` to generate stateful queries (rather than letting the `QueryState` type be constructed separately) allows us to ensure that _all_ queries are properly initialized (and the relevant world state, such as ComponentIds). This enables QueryState to remove branches from its operations that check for initialization status (and also enables query.iter() to take an immutable world reference because it doesn't need to initialize anything in world).
However in systems, this is a non-breaking change. State management is done internally by the relevant SystemParam.
## Stateful SystemParams
Like Queries, `SystemParams` now also cache state. For example, `Query` system params store the "stateful query" state mentioned above. Commands store their internal `CommandQueue`. This means you can now safely use as many separate `Commands` parameters in your system as you want. `Local<T>` system params store their `T` value in their state (instead of in Resources).
SystemParam state also enabled a significant slim-down of SystemState. It is much nicer to look at now.
Per-SystemParam state naturally insulates us from an "aliased mut" class of errors we have hit in the past (ex: using multiple `Commands` system params).
(credit goes to @DJMcNab for the initial idea and draft pr here #1364)
## Configurable SystemParams
@DJMcNab also had the great idea to make SystemParams configurable. This allows users to provide some initial configuration / values for system parameters (when possible). Most SystemParams have no config (the config type is `()`), but the `Local<T>` param now supports user-provided parameters:
```rust
fn foo(value: Local<usize>) {
}
app.add_system(foo.system().config(|c| c.0 = Some(10)));
```
## Uber Fast "for_each" Query Iterators
Developers now have the choice to use a fast "for_each" iterator, which yields ~1.5-3x iteration speed improvements for "fragmented iteration", and minor ~1.2x iteration speed improvements for unfragmented iteration.
```rust
fn system(query: Query<(&A, &mut B)>) {
// you now have the option to do this for a speed boost
query.for_each_mut(|(a, mut b)| {
});
// however normal iterators are still available
for (a, mut b) in query.iter_mut() {
}
}
```
I think in most cases we should continue to encourage "normal" iterators as they are more flexible and more "rust idiomatic". But when that extra "oomf" is needed, it makes sense to use `for_each`.
We should also consider using `for_each` for internal bevy systems to give our users a nice speed boost (but that should be a separate pr).
## Component Metadata
`World` now has a `Components` collection, which is accessible via `world.components()`. This stores mappings from `ComponentId` to `ComponentInfo`, as well as `TypeId` to `ComponentId` mappings (where relevant). `ComponentInfo` stores information about the component, such as ComponentId, TypeId, memory layout, send-ness (currently limited to resources), and storage type.
## Significantly Cheaper `Access<T>`
We used to use `TypeAccess<TypeId>` to manage read/write component/archetype-component access. This was expensive because TypeIds must be hashed and compared individually. The parallel executor got around this by "condensing" type ids into bitset-backed access types. This worked, but it had to be re-generated from the `TypeAccess<TypeId>`sources every time archetypes changed.
This pr removes TypeAccess in favor of faster bitset access everywhere. We can do this thanks to the move to densely packed `ComponentId`s and `ArchetypeComponentId`s.
## Merged Resources into World
Resources had a lot of redundant functionality with Components. They stored typed data, they had access control, they had unique ids, they were queryable via SystemParams, etc. In fact the _only_ major difference between them was that they were unique (and didn't correlate to an entity).
Separate resources also had the downside of requiring a separate set of access controls, which meant the parallel executor needed to compare more bitsets per system and manage more state.
I initially got the "separate resources" idea from `legion`. I think that design was motivated by the fact that it made the direct world query/resource lifetime interactions more manageable. It certainly made our lives easier when using Resources alongside hecs/bevy_ecs. However we already have a construct for safely and ergonomically managing in-world lifetimes: systems (which use `Access<T>` internally).
This pr merges Resources into World:
```rust
world.insert_resource(1);
world.insert_resource(2.0);
let a = world.get_resource::<i32>().unwrap();
let mut b = world.get_resource_mut::<f64>().unwrap();
*b = 3.0;
```
Resources are now just a special kind of component. They have their own ComponentIds (and their own resource TypeId->ComponentId scope, so they don't conflict wit components of the same type). They are stored in a special "resource archetype", which stores components inside the archetype using a new `unique_components` sparse set (note that this sparse set could later be used to implement Tags). This allows us to keep the code size small by reusing existing datastructures (namely Column, Archetype, ComponentFlags, and ComponentInfo). This allows us the executor to use a single `Access<ArchetypeComponentId>` per system. It should also make scripting language integration easier.
_But_ this merge did create problems for people directly interacting with `World`. What if you need mutable access to multiple resources at the same time? `world.get_resource_mut()` borrows World mutably!
## WorldCell
WorldCell applies the `Access<ArchetypeComponentId>` concept to direct world access:
```rust
let world_cell = world.cell();
let a = world_cell.get_resource_mut::<i32>().unwrap();
let b = world_cell.get_resource_mut::<f64>().unwrap();
```
This adds cheap runtime checks (a sparse set lookup of `ArchetypeComponentId` and a counter) to ensure that world accesses do not conflict with each other. Each operation returns a `WorldBorrow<'w, T>` or `WorldBorrowMut<'w, T>` wrapper type, which will release the relevant ArchetypeComponentId resources when dropped.
World caches the access sparse set (and only one cell can exist at a time), so `world.cell()` is a cheap operation.
WorldCell does _not_ use atomic operations. It is non-send, does a mutable borrow of world to prevent other accesses, and uses a simple `Rc<RefCell<ArchetypeComponentAccess>>` wrapper in each WorldBorrow pointer.
The api is currently limited to resource access, but it can and should be extended to queries / entity component access.
## Resource Scopes
WorldCell does not yet support component queries, and even when it does there are sometimes legitimate reasons to want a mutable world ref _and_ a mutable resource ref (ex: bevy_render and bevy_scene both need this). In these cases we could always drop down to the unsafe `world.get_resource_unchecked_mut()`, but that is not ideal!
Instead developers can use a "resource scope"
```rust
world.resource_scope(|world: &mut World, a: &mut A| {
})
```
This temporarily removes the `A` resource from `World`, provides mutable pointers to both, and re-adds A to World when finished. Thanks to the move to ComponentIds/sparse sets, this is a cheap operation.
If multiple resources are required, scopes can be nested. We could also consider adding a "resource tuple" to the api if this pattern becomes common and the boilerplate gets nasty.
## Query Conflicts Use ComponentId Instead of ArchetypeComponentId
For safety reasons, systems cannot contain queries that conflict with each other without wrapping them in a QuerySet. On bevy `main`, we use ArchetypeComponentIds to determine conflicts. This is nice because it can take into account filters:
```rust
// these queries will never conflict due to their filters
fn filter_system(a: Query<&mut A, With<B>>, b: Query<&mut B, Without<B>>) {
}
```
But it also has a significant downside:
```rust
// these queries will not conflict _until_ an entity with A, B, and C is spawned
fn maybe_conflicts_system(a: Query<(&mut A, &C)>, b: Query<(&mut A, &B)>) {
}
```
The system above will panic at runtime if an entity with A, B, and C is spawned. This makes it hard to trust that your game logic will run without crashing.
In this pr, I switched to using `ComponentId` instead. This _is_ more constraining. `maybe_conflicts_system` will now always fail, but it will do it consistently at startup. Naively, it would also _disallow_ `filter_system`, which would be a significant downgrade in usability. Bevy has a number of internal systems that rely on disjoint queries and I expect it to be a common pattern in userspace.
To resolve this, I added a new `FilteredAccess<T>` type, which wraps `Access<T>` and adds with/without filters. If two `FilteredAccess` have with/without values that prove they are disjoint, they will no longer conflict.
## EntityRef / EntityMut
World entity operations on `main` require that the user passes in an `entity` id to each operation:
```rust
let entity = world.spawn((A, )); // create a new entity with A
world.get::<A>(entity);
world.insert(entity, (B, C));
world.insert_one(entity, D);
```
This means that each operation needs to look up the entity location / verify its validity. The initial spawn operation also requires a Bundle as input. This can be awkward when no components are required (or one component is required).
These operations have been replaced by `EntityRef` and `EntityMut`, which are "builder-style" wrappers around world that provide read and read/write operations on a single, pre-validated entity:
```rust
// spawn now takes no inputs and returns an EntityMut
let entity = world.spawn()
.insert(A) // insert a single component into the entity
.insert_bundle((B, C)) // insert a bundle of components into the entity
.id() // id returns the Entity id
// Returns EntityMut (or panics if the entity does not exist)
world.entity_mut(entity)
.insert(D)
.insert_bundle(SomeBundle::default());
{
// returns EntityRef (or panics if the entity does not exist)
let d = world.entity(entity)
.get::<D>() // gets the D component
.unwrap();
// world.get still exists for ergonomics
let d = world.get::<D>(entity).unwrap();
}
// These variants return Options if you want to check existence instead of panicing
world.get_entity_mut(entity)
.unwrap()
.insert(E);
if let Some(entity_ref) = world.get_entity(entity) {
let d = entity_ref.get::<D>().unwrap();
}
```
This _does not_ affect the current Commands api or terminology. I think that should be a separate conversation as that is a much larger breaking change.
## Safety Improvements
* Entity reservation in Commands uses a normal world borrow instead of an unsafe transmute
* QuerySets no longer transmutes lifetimes
* Made traits "unsafe" when implementing a trait incorrectly could cause unsafety
* More thorough safety docs
## RemovedComponents SystemParam
The old approach to querying removed components: `query.removed:<T>()` was confusing because it had no connection to the query itself. I replaced it with the following, which is both clearer and allows us to cache the ComponentId mapping in the SystemParamState:
```rust
fn system(removed: RemovedComponents<T>) {
for entity in removed.iter() {
}
}
```
## Simpler Bundle implementation
Bundles are no longer responsible for sorting (or deduping) TypeInfo. They are just a simple ordered list of component types / data. This makes the implementation smaller and opens the door to an easy "nested bundle" implementation in the future (which i might even add in this pr). Duplicate detection is now done once per bundle type by World the first time a bundle is used.
## Unified WorldQuery and QueryFilter types
(don't worry they are still separate type _parameters_ in Queries .. this is a non-breaking change)
WorldQuery and QueryFilter were already basically identical apis. With the addition of `FetchState` and more storage-specific fetch methods, the overlap was even clearer (and the redundancy more painful).
QueryFilters are now just `F: WorldQuery where F::Fetch: FilterFetch`. FilterFetch requires `Fetch<Item = bool>` and adds new "short circuit" variants of fetch methods. This enables a filter tuple like `(With<A>, Without<B>, Changed<C>)` to stop evaluating the filter after the first mismatch is encountered. FilterFetch is automatically implemented for `Fetch` implementations that return bool.
This forces fetch implementations that return things like `(bool, bool, bool)` (such as the filter above) to manually implement FilterFetch and decide whether or not to short-circuit.
## More Granular Modules
World no longer globs all of the internal modules together. It now exports `core`, `system`, and `schedule` separately. I'm also considering exporting `core` submodules directly as that is still pretty "glob-ey" and unorganized (feedback welcome here).
## Remaining Draft Work (to be done in this pr)
* ~~panic on conflicting WorldQuery fetches (&A, &mut A)~~
* ~~bevy `main` and hecs both currently allow this, but we should protect against it if possible~~
* ~~batch_iter / par_iter (currently stubbed out)~~
* ~~ChangedRes~~
* ~~I skipped this while we sort out #1313. This pr should be adapted to account for whatever we land on there~~.
* ~~The `Archetypes` and `Tables` collections use hashes of sorted lists of component ids to uniquely identify each archetype/table. This hash is then used as the key in a HashMap to look up the relevant ArchetypeId or TableId. (which doesn't handle hash collisions properly)~~
* ~~It is currently unsafe to generate a Query from "World A", then use it on "World B" (despite the api claiming it is safe). We should probably close this gap. This could be done by adding a randomly generated WorldId to each world, then storing that id in each Query. They could then be compared to each other on each `query.do_thing(&world)` operation. This _does_ add an extra branch to each query operation, so I'm open to other suggestions if people have them.~~
* ~~Nested Bundles (if i find time)~~
## Potential Future Work
* Expand WorldCell to support queries.
* Consider not allocating in the empty archetype on `world.spawn()`
* ex: return something like EntityMutUninit, which turns into EntityMut after an `insert` or `insert_bundle` op
* this actually regressed performance last time i tried it, but in theory it should be faster
* Optimize SparseSet::insert (see `PERF` comment on insert)
* Replace SparseArray `Option<T>` with T::MAX to cut down on branching
* would enable cheaper get_unchecked() operations
* upstream fixedbitset optimizations
* fixedbitset could be allocation free for small block counts (store blocks in a SmallVec)
* fixedbitset could have a const constructor
* Consider implementing Tags (archetype-specific by-value data that affects archetype identity)
* ex: ArchetypeA could have `[A, B, C]` table components and `[D(1)]` "tag" component. ArchetypeB could have `[A, B, C]` table components and a `[D(2)]` tag component. The archetypes are different, despite both having D tags because the value inside D is different.
* this could potentially build on top of the `archetype.unique_components` added in this pr for resource storage.
* Consider reverting `all_tuples` proc macro in favor of the old `macro_rules` implementation
* all_tuples is more flexible and produces cleaner documentation (the macro_rules version produces weird type parameter orders due to parser constraints)
* but unfortunately all_tuples also appears to make Rust Analyzer sad/slow when working inside of `bevy_ecs` (does not affect user code)
* Consider "resource queries" and/or "mixed resource and entity component queries" as an alternative to WorldCell
* this is basically just "systems" so maybe it's not worth it
* Add more world ops
* `world.clear()`
* `world.reserve<T: Bundle>(count: usize)`
* Try using the old archetype allocation strategy (allocate new memory on resize and copy everything over). I expect this to improve batch insertion performance at the cost of unbatched performance. But thats just a guess. I'm not an allocation perf pro :)
* Adapt Commands apis for consistency with new World apis
## Benchmarks
key:
* `bevy_old`: bevy `main` branch
* `bevy`: this branch
* `_foreach`: uses an optimized for_each iterator
* ` _sparse`: uses sparse set storage (if unspecified assume table storage)
* `_system`: runs inside a system (if unspecified assume test happens via direct world ops)
### Simple Insert (from ecs_bench_suite)
### Simpler Iter (from ecs_bench_suite)
### Fragment Iter (from ecs_bench_suite)
### Sparse Fragmented Iter
Iterate a query that matches 5 entities from a single matching archetype, but there are 100 unmatching archetypes
### Schedule (from ecs_bench_suite)
### Add Remove Component (from ecs_bench_suite)
### Add Remove Component Big
Same as the test above, but each entity has 5 "large" matrix components and 1 "large" matrix component is added and removed
### Get Component
Looks up a single component value a large number of times
