Add EntityRefExcept and EntityMutExcept world queries, in preparation for generalized animation. (#15207)

This commit adds two new `WorldQuery` types: `EntityRefExcept` and
`EntityMutExcept`. These types work just like `EntityRef` and
`EntityMut`, but they prevent access to a statically-specified list of
components. For example, `EntityMutExcept<(AnimationPlayer,
Handle<AnimationGraph>)>` provides mutable access to all components
except for `AnimationPlayer` and `Handle<AnimationGraph>`. These types
are useful when you need to be able to process arbitrary queries while
iterating over the results of another `EntityMut` query.

The motivating use case is *generalized animation*, which is an upcoming
feature that allows animation of any component property, not just
rotation, translation, scaling, or morph weights. To implement this, we
must change the current `AnyOf<(&mut Transform, &mut MorphWeights)>` to
instead be `EntityMutExcept<(AnimationPlayer, Handle<AnimationGraph>)>`.
It's possible to use `FilteredEntityMut` in conjunction with a
dynamically-generated system instead, but `FilteredEntityMut` isn't
optimized for the use case of a large number of allowed components
coupled with a small set of disallowed components. No amount of
optimization of `FilteredEntityMut` produced acceptable performance on
the `many_foxes` benchmark. `Query<EntityMut, Without<AnimationPlayer>>`
will not suffice either, as it's legal and idiomatic for an
`AnimationTarget` and an `AnimationPlayer` to coexist on the same
entity.

An alternate proposal was to implement a somewhat-more-general
`Except<Q, CL>` feature, where Q is a `WorldQuery` and CL is a
`ComponentList`. I wasn't able to implement that proposal in a
reasonable way, because of the fact that methods like
`EntityMut::get_mut` and `EntityRef::get` are inherent methods instead
of methods on `WorldQuery`, and therefore there was no way to delegate
methods like `get` and `get_mut` to the inner query in a generic way.
Refactoring those methods into a trait would probably be possible.
However, I didn't see a use case for a hypothetical `Except` with
arbitrary queries: `Query<Except<(&Transform, &Visibility),
Visibility>>` would just be a complicated equivalent to
`Query<&Transform>`, for instance. So, out of a desire for simplicity, I
omitted a generic `Except` mechanism.

I've tested the performance of generalized animation on `many_foxes` and
found that, with this patch, `animate_targets` has a 7.4% slowdown over
`main`. With `FilteredEntityMut` optimized to use `Arc<Access>`, the
slowdown is 75.6%, due to contention on the reference count. Without
`Arc<Access>`, the slowdown is even worse, over 2x.

## Testing

New tests have been added that check that `EntityRefExcept` and
`EntityMutExcept` allow and disallow access to components properly and
that the query engine can correctly reject conflicting queries involving
those types.

A Tracy profile of `many_foxes` with 10,000 foxes showing generalized
animation using `FilteredEntityMut` (red) vs. main (yellow) is as
follows:

![Screenshot 2024-09-12
225914](https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/2993d74c-a513-4ba4-85bd-225672e7170a)

A Tracy profile of `many_foxes` with 10,000 foxes showing generalized
animation using this `EntityMutExcept` (yellow) vs. main (red) is as
follows:

![Screenshot 2024-09-14
205831](https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/4241015e-0c5d-44ef-835b-43f78a24e604)

crates/bevy_ecs/Cargo.toml

@@ -34,6 +34,7 @@ serde = { version = "1", optional = true, default-features = false }
 thiserror = "1.0"
 nonmax = "0.5"
 arrayvec = { version = "0.7.4", optional = true }
+smallvec = "1"
 
 [dev-dependencies]
 rand = "0.8"

crates/bevy_ecs/src/archetype.rs

@@ -499,6 +499,16 @@ impl Archetype {
         self.components.len()
     }
 
+    /// Gets an iterator of all of the components in the archetype, along with
+    /// their archetype component ID.
+    pub(crate) fn components_with_archetype_component_id(
+        &self,
+    ) -> impl Iterator<Item = (ComponentId, ArchetypeComponentId)> + '_ {
+        self.components
+            .iter()
+            .map(|(component_id, info)| (*component_id, info.archetype_component_id))
+    }
+
     /// Fetches an immutable reference to the archetype's [`Edges`], a cache of
     /// archetypal relationships.
     #[inline]

crates/bevy_ecs/src/query/access.rs

@@ -49,20 +49,22 @@ impl<'a, T: SparseSetIndex + Debug> Debug for FormattedBitSet<'a, T> {
 /// See the [`is_compatible`](Access::is_compatible) and [`get_conflicts`](Access::get_conflicts) functions.
 #[derive(Eq, PartialEq)]
 pub struct Access<T: SparseSetIndex> {
-    /// All accessed components.
+    /// All accessed components, or forbidden components if
+    /// `Self::component_read_and_writes_inverted` is set.
     component_read_and_writes: FixedBitSet,
-    /// The exclusively-accessed components.
+    /// All exclusively-accessed components, or components that may not be
+    /// exclusively accessed if `Self::component_writes_inverted` is set.
     component_writes: FixedBitSet,
     /// All accessed resources.
     resource_read_and_writes: FixedBitSet,
     /// The exclusively-accessed resources.
     resource_writes: FixedBitSet,
-    /// Is `true` if this has access to all components.
+    /// Is `true` if this component can read all components *except* those
-    /// (Note that this does not include `Resources`)
+    /// present in `Self::component_read_and_writes`.
-    reads_all_components: bool,
+    component_read_and_writes_inverted: bool,
-    /// Is `true` if this has mutable access to all components.
+    /// Is `true` if this component can write to all components *except* those
-    /// (Note that this does not include `Resources`)
+    /// present in `Self::component_writes`.
-    writes_all_components: bool,
+    component_writes_inverted: bool,
     /// Is `true` if this has access to all resources.
     /// This field is a performance optimization for `&World` (also harder to mess up for soundness).
     reads_all_resources: bool,
@@ -82,8 +84,8 @@ impl<T: SparseSetIndex> Clone for Access<T> {
             component_writes: self.component_writes.clone(),
             resource_read_and_writes: self.resource_read_and_writes.clone(),
             resource_writes: self.resource_writes.clone(),
-            reads_all_components: self.reads_all_components,
+            component_read_and_writes_inverted: self.component_read_and_writes_inverted,
-            writes_all_components: self.writes_all_components,
+            component_writes_inverted: self.component_writes_inverted,
             reads_all_resources: self.reads_all_resources,
             writes_all_resources: self.writes_all_resources,
             archetypal: self.archetypal.clone(),
@@ -98,8 +100,8 @@ impl<T: SparseSetIndex> Clone for Access<T> {
         self.resource_read_and_writes
             .clone_from(&source.resource_read_and_writes);
         self.resource_writes.clone_from(&source.resource_writes);
-        self.reads_all_components = source.reads_all_components;
+        self.component_read_and_writes_inverted = source.component_read_and_writes_inverted;
-        self.writes_all_components = source.writes_all_components;
+        self.component_writes_inverted = source.component_writes_inverted;
         self.reads_all_resources = source.reads_all_resources;
         self.writes_all_resources = source.writes_all_resources;
         self.archetypal.clone_from(&source.archetypal);
@@ -125,8 +127,11 @@ impl<T: SparseSetIndex + Debug> Debug for Access<T> {
                 "resource_writes",
                 &FormattedBitSet::<T>::new(&self.resource_writes),
             )
-            .field("reads_all_components", &self.reads_all_components)
+            .field(
-            .field("writes_all_components", &self.writes_all_components)
+                "component_read_and_writes_inverted",
+                &self.component_read_and_writes_inverted,
+            )
+            .field("component_writes_inverted", &self.component_writes_inverted)
             .field("reads_all_resources", &self.reads_all_resources)
             .field("writes_all_resources", &self.writes_all_resources)
             .field("archetypal", &FormattedBitSet::<T>::new(&self.archetypal))
@@ -146,8 +151,8 @@ impl<T: SparseSetIndex> Access<T> {
         Self {
             reads_all_resources: false,
             writes_all_resources: false,
-            reads_all_components: false,
+            component_read_and_writes_inverted: false,
-            writes_all_components: false,
+            component_writes_inverted: false,
             component_read_and_writes: FixedBitSet::new(),
             component_writes: FixedBitSet::new(),
             resource_read_and_writes: FixedBitSet::new(),
@@ -157,18 +162,33 @@ impl<T: SparseSetIndex> Access<T> {
         }
     }
 
+    fn add_component_sparse_set_index_read(&mut self, index: usize) {
+        if !self.component_read_and_writes_inverted {
+            self.component_read_and_writes.grow_and_insert(index);
+        } else if index < self.component_read_and_writes.len() {
+            self.component_read_and_writes.remove(index);
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn add_component_sparse_set_index_write(&mut self, index: usize) {
+        if !self.component_writes_inverted {
+            self.component_writes.grow_and_insert(index);
+        } else if index < self.component_writes.len() {
+            self.component_writes.remove(index);
+        }
+    }
+
     /// Adds access to the component given by `index`.
     pub fn add_component_read(&mut self, index: T) {
-        self.component_read_and_writes
+        let sparse_set_index = index.sparse_set_index();
-            .grow_and_insert(index.sparse_set_index());
+        self.add_component_sparse_set_index_read(sparse_set_index);
     }
 
     /// Adds exclusive access to the component given by `index`.
     pub fn add_component_write(&mut self, index: T) {
-        self.component_read_and_writes
+        let sparse_set_index = index.sparse_set_index();
-            .grow_and_insert(index.sparse_set_index());
+        self.add_component_sparse_set_index_read(sparse_set_index);
-        self.component_writes
+        self.add_component_sparse_set_index_write(sparse_set_index);
-            .grow_and_insert(index.sparse_set_index());
     }
 
     /// Adds access to the resource given by `index`.
@@ -185,6 +205,49 @@ impl<T: SparseSetIndex> Access<T> {
             .grow_and_insert(index.sparse_set_index());
     }
 
+    fn remove_component_sparse_set_index_read(&mut self, index: usize) {
+        if self.component_read_and_writes_inverted {
+            self.component_read_and_writes.grow_and_insert(index);
+        } else if index < self.component_read_and_writes.len() {
+            self.component_read_and_writes.remove(index);
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn remove_component_sparse_set_index_write(&mut self, index: usize) {
+        if self.component_writes_inverted {
+            self.component_writes.grow_and_insert(index);
+        } else if index < self.component_writes.len() {
+            self.component_writes.remove(index);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Removes both read and write access to the component given by `index`.
+    ///
+    /// Because this method corresponds to the set difference operator ∖, it can
+    /// create complicated logical formulas that you should verify correctness
+    /// of. For example, A ∪ (B ∖ A) isn't equivalent to (A ∪ B) ∖ A, so you
+    /// can't replace a call to `remove_component_read` followed by a call to
+    /// `extend` with a call to `extend` followed by a call to
+    /// `remove_component_read`.
+    pub fn remove_component_read(&mut self, index: T) {
+        let sparse_set_index = index.sparse_set_index();
+        self.remove_component_sparse_set_index_write(sparse_set_index);
+        self.remove_component_sparse_set_index_read(sparse_set_index);
+    }
+
+    /// Removes write access to the component given by `index`.
+    ///
+    /// Because this method corresponds to the set difference operator ∖, it can
+    /// create complicated logical formulas that you should verify correctness
+    /// of. For example, A ∪ (B ∖ A) isn't equivalent to (A ∪ B) ∖ A, so you
+    /// can't replace a call to `remove_component_write` followed by a call to
+    /// `extend` with a call to `extend` followed by a call to
+    /// `remove_component_write`.
+    pub fn remove_component_write(&mut self, index: T) {
+        let sparse_set_index = index.sparse_set_index();
+        self.remove_component_sparse_set_index_write(sparse_set_index);
+    }
+
     /// Adds an archetypal (indirect) access to the component given by `index`.
     ///
     /// This is for components whose values are not accessed (and thus will never cause conflicts),
@@ -199,25 +262,25 @@ impl<T: SparseSetIndex> Access<T> {
 
     /// Returns `true` if this can access the component given by `index`.
     pub fn has_component_read(&self, index: T) -> bool {
-        self.reads_all_components
+        self.component_read_and_writes_inverted
-            || self
+            ^ self
                 .component_read_and_writes
                 .contains(index.sparse_set_index())
     }
 
     /// Returns `true` if this can access any component.
     pub fn has_any_component_read(&self) -> bool {
-        self.reads_all_components || !self.component_read_and_writes.is_clear()
+        self.component_read_and_writes_inverted || !self.component_read_and_writes.is_clear()
     }
 
     /// Returns `true` if this can exclusively access the component given by `index`.
     pub fn has_component_write(&self, index: T) -> bool {
-        self.writes_all_components || self.component_writes.contains(index.sparse_set_index())
+        self.component_writes_inverted ^ self.component_writes.contains(index.sparse_set_index())
     }
 
     /// Returns `true` if this accesses any component mutably.
     pub fn has_any_component_write(&self) -> bool {
-        self.writes_all_components || !self.component_writes.is_clear()
+        self.component_writes_inverted || !self.component_writes.is_clear()
     }
 
     /// Returns `true` if this can access the resource given by `index`.
@@ -258,14 +321,16 @@ impl<T: SparseSetIndex> Access<T> {
     /// Sets this as having access to all components (i.e. `EntityRef`).
     #[inline]
     pub fn read_all_components(&mut self) {
-        self.reads_all_components = true;
+        self.component_read_and_writes_inverted = true;
+        self.component_read_and_writes.clear();
     }
 
     /// Sets this as having mutable access to all components (i.e. `EntityMut`).
     #[inline]
     pub fn write_all_components(&mut self) {
-        self.reads_all_components = true;
+        self.read_all_components();
-        self.writes_all_components = true;
+        self.component_writes_inverted = true;
+        self.component_writes.clear();
     }
 
     /// Sets this as having access to all resources (i.e. `&World`).
@@ -298,13 +363,13 @@ impl<T: SparseSetIndex> Access<T> {
     /// Returns `true` if this has access to all components (i.e. `EntityRef`).
     #[inline]
     pub fn has_read_all_components(&self) -> bool {
-        self.reads_all_components
+        self.component_read_and_writes_inverted && self.component_read_and_writes.is_clear()
     }
 
     /// Returns `true` if this has write access to all components (i.e. `EntityMut`).
     #[inline]
     pub fn has_write_all_components(&self) -> bool {
-        self.writes_all_components
+        self.component_writes_inverted && self.component_writes.is_clear()
     }
 
     /// Returns `true` if this has access to all resources (i.e. `EntityRef`).
@@ -332,7 +397,7 @@ impl<T: SparseSetIndex> Access<T> {
     /// Removes all writes.
     pub fn clear_writes(&mut self) {
         self.writes_all_resources = false;
-        self.writes_all_components = false;
+        self.component_writes_inverted = false;
         self.component_writes.clear();
         self.resource_writes.clear();
     }
@@ -341,8 +406,8 @@ impl<T: SparseSetIndex> Access<T> {
     pub fn clear(&mut self) {
         self.reads_all_resources = false;
         self.writes_all_resources = false;
-        self.reads_all_components = false;
+        self.component_read_and_writes_inverted = false;
-        self.writes_all_components = false;
+        self.component_writes_inverted = false;
         self.component_read_and_writes.clear();
         self.component_writes.clear();
         self.resource_read_and_writes.clear();
@@ -351,13 +416,72 @@ impl<T: SparseSetIndex> Access<T> {
 
     /// Adds all access from `other`.
     pub fn extend(&mut self, other: &Access<T>) {
+        let component_read_and_writes_inverted =
+            self.component_read_and_writes_inverted || other.component_read_and_writes_inverted;
+        let component_writes_inverted =
+            self.component_writes_inverted || other.component_writes_inverted;
+
+        match (
+            self.component_read_and_writes_inverted,
+            other.component_read_and_writes_inverted,
+        ) {
+            (true, true) => {
+                self.component_read_and_writes
+                    .intersect_with(&other.component_read_and_writes);
+            }
+            (true, false) => {
+                self.component_read_and_writes
+                    .difference_with(&other.component_read_and_writes);
+            }
+            (false, true) => {
+                // We have to grow here because the new bits are going to get flipped to 1.
+                self.component_read_and_writes.grow(
+                    self.component_read_and_writes
+                        .len()
+                        .max(other.component_read_and_writes.len()),
+                );
+                self.component_read_and_writes.toggle_range(..);
+                self.component_read_and_writes
+                    .intersect_with(&other.component_read_and_writes);
+            }
+            (false, false) => {
+                self.component_read_and_writes
+                    .union_with(&other.component_read_and_writes);
+            }
+        }
+
+        match (
+            self.component_writes_inverted,
+            other.component_writes_inverted,
+        ) {
+            (true, true) => {
+                self.component_writes
+                    .intersect_with(&other.component_writes);
+            }
+            (true, false) => {
+                self.component_writes
+                    .difference_with(&other.component_writes);
+            }
+            (false, true) => {
+                // We have to grow here because the new bits are going to get flipped to 1.
+                self.component_writes.grow(
+                    self.component_writes
+                        .len()
+                        .max(other.component_writes.len()),
+                );
+                self.component_writes.toggle_range(..);
+                self.component_writes
+                    .intersect_with(&other.component_writes);
+            }
+            (false, false) => {
+                self.component_writes.union_with(&other.component_writes);
+            }
+        }
+
         self.reads_all_resources = self.reads_all_resources || other.reads_all_resources;
         self.writes_all_resources = self.writes_all_resources || other.writes_all_resources;
-        self.reads_all_components = self.reads_all_components || other.reads_all_components;
+        self.component_read_and_writes_inverted = component_read_and_writes_inverted;
-        self.writes_all_components = self.writes_all_components || other.writes_all_components;
+        self.component_writes_inverted = component_writes_inverted;
-        self.component_read_and_writes
-            .union_with(&other.component_read_and_writes);
-        self.component_writes.union_with(&other.component_writes);
         self.resource_read_and_writes
             .union_with(&other.resource_read_and_writes);
         self.resource_writes.union_with(&other.resource_writes);
@@ -369,27 +493,48 @@ impl<T: SparseSetIndex> Access<T> {
     /// [`Access`] instances are incompatible if one can write
     /// an element that the other can read or write.
     pub fn is_components_compatible(&self, other: &Access<T>) -> bool {
-        if self.writes_all_components {
+        // We have a conflict if we write and they read or write, or if they
-            return !other.has_any_component_read();
+        // write and we read or write.
+        for (
+            lhs_writes,
+            rhs_reads_and_writes,
+            lhs_writes_inverted,
+            rhs_reads_and_writes_inverted,
+        ) in [
+            (
+                &self.component_writes,
+                &other.component_read_and_writes,
+                self.component_writes_inverted,
+                other.component_read_and_writes_inverted,
+            ),
+            (
+                &other.component_writes,
+                &self.component_read_and_writes,
+                other.component_writes_inverted,
+                self.component_read_and_writes_inverted,
+            ),
+        ] {
+            match (lhs_writes_inverted, rhs_reads_and_writes_inverted) {
+                (true, true) => return false,
+                (false, true) => {
+                    if !lhs_writes.is_subset(rhs_reads_and_writes) {
+                        return false;
+                    }
+                }
+                (true, false) => {
+                    if !rhs_reads_and_writes.is_subset(lhs_writes) {
+                        return false;
+                    }
+                }
+                (false, false) => {
+                    if !lhs_writes.is_disjoint(rhs_reads_and_writes) {
+                        return false;
+                    }
+                }
+            }
         }
 
-        if other.writes_all_components {
+        true
-            return !self.has_any_component_read();
-        }
-
-        if self.reads_all_components {
-            return !other.has_any_component_write();
-        }
-
-        if other.reads_all_components {
-            return !self.has_any_component_write();
-        }
-
-        self.component_writes
-            .is_disjoint(&other.component_read_and_writes)
-            && other
-                .component_writes
-                .is_disjoint(&self.component_read_and_writes)
     }
 
     /// Returns `true` if the access and `other` can be active at the same time,
@@ -432,25 +577,48 @@ impl<T: SparseSetIndex> Access<T> {
     /// Returns `true` if the set's component access is a subset of another, i.e. `other`'s component access
     /// contains at least all the values in `self`.
     pub fn is_subset_components(&self, other: &Access<T>) -> bool {
-        if self.writes_all_components {
+        for (
-            return other.writes_all_components;
+            our_components,
+            their_components,
+            our_components_inverted,
+            their_components_inverted,
+        ) in [
+            (
+                &self.component_read_and_writes,
+                &other.component_read_and_writes,
+                self.component_read_and_writes_inverted,
+                other.component_read_and_writes_inverted,
+            ),
+            (
+                &self.component_writes,
+                &other.component_writes,
+                self.component_writes_inverted,
+                other.component_writes_inverted,
+            ),
+        ] {
+            match (our_components_inverted, their_components_inverted) {
+                (true, true) => {
+                    if !their_components.is_subset(our_components) {
+                        return false;
+                    }
+                }
+                (true, false) => {
+                    return false;
+                }
+                (false, true) => {
+                    if !our_components.is_disjoint(their_components) {
+                        return false;
+                    }
+                }
+                (false, false) => {
+                    if !our_components.is_subset(their_components) {
+                        return false;
+                    }
+                }
+            }
         }
 
-        if other.writes_all_components {
+        true
-            return true;
-        }
-
-        if self.reads_all_components {
-            return other.reads_all_components;
-        }
-
-        if other.reads_all_components {
-            return self.component_writes.is_subset(&other.component_writes);
-        }
-
-        self.component_read_and_writes
-            .is_subset(&other.component_read_and_writes)
-            && self.component_writes.is_subset(&other.component_writes)
     }
 
     /// Returns `true` if the set's resource access is a subset of another, i.e. `other`'s resource access
@@ -483,30 +651,52 @@ impl<T: SparseSetIndex> Access<T> {
         self.is_subset_components(other) && self.is_subset_resources(other)
     }
 
+    fn get_component_conflicts(&self, other: &Access<T>) -> AccessConflicts {
+        let mut conflicts = FixedBitSet::new();
+
+        // We have a conflict if we write and they read or write, or if they
+        // write and we read or write.
+        for (
+            lhs_writes,
+            rhs_reads_and_writes,
+            lhs_writes_inverted,
+            rhs_reads_and_writes_inverted,
+        ) in [
+            (
+                &self.component_writes,
+                &other.component_read_and_writes,
+                self.component_writes_inverted,
+                other.component_read_and_writes_inverted,
+            ),
+            (
+                &other.component_writes,
+                &self.component_read_and_writes,
+                other.component_writes_inverted,
+                self.component_read_and_writes_inverted,
+            ),
+        ] {
+            // There's no way that I can see to do this without a temporary.
+            // Neither CNF nor DNF allows us to avoid one.
+            let temp_conflicts: FixedBitSet =
+                match (lhs_writes_inverted, rhs_reads_and_writes_inverted) {
+                    (true, true) => return AccessConflicts::All,
+                    (false, true) => lhs_writes.difference(rhs_reads_and_writes).collect(),
+                    (true, false) => rhs_reads_and_writes.difference(lhs_writes).collect(),
+                    (false, false) => lhs_writes.intersection(rhs_reads_and_writes).collect(),
+                };
+            conflicts.union_with(&temp_conflicts);
+        }
+
+        AccessConflicts::Individual(conflicts)
+    }
+
     /// Returns a vector of elements that the access and `other` cannot access at the same time.
     pub fn get_conflicts(&self, other: &Access<T>) -> AccessConflicts {
-        let mut conflicts = FixedBitSet::new();
+        let mut conflicts = match self.get_component_conflicts(other) {
-        if self.reads_all_components {
+            AccessConflicts::All => return AccessConflicts::All,
-            if other.writes_all_components {
+            AccessConflicts::Individual(conflicts) => conflicts,
-                return AccessConflicts::All;
+        };
-            }
-            conflicts.extend(other.component_writes.ones());
-        }
 
-        if other.reads_all_components {
-            if self.writes_all_components {
-                return AccessConflicts::All;
-            }
-            conflicts.extend(self.component_writes.ones());
-        }
-
-        if self.writes_all_components {
-            conflicts.extend(other.component_read_and_writes.ones());
-        }
-
-        if other.writes_all_components {
-            conflicts.extend(self.component_read_and_writes.ones());
-        }
         if self.reads_all_resources {
             if other.writes_all_resources {
                 return AccessConflicts::All;
@@ -528,14 +718,6 @@ impl<T: SparseSetIndex> Access<T> {
             conflicts.extend(self.resource_read_and_writes.ones());
         }
 
-        conflicts.extend(
-            self.component_writes
-                .intersection(&other.component_read_and_writes),
-        );
-        conflicts.extend(
-            self.component_read_and_writes
-                .intersection(&other.component_writes),
-        );
         conflicts.extend(
             self.resource_writes
                 .intersection(&other.resource_read_and_writes),
@@ -547,25 +729,6 @@ impl<T: SparseSetIndex> Access<T> {
         AccessConflicts::Individual(conflicts)
     }
 
-    /// Returns the indices of the components this has access to.
-    pub fn component_reads_and_writes(&self) -> impl Iterator<Item = T> + '_ {
-        self.component_read_and_writes
-            .ones()
-            .map(T::get_sparse_set_index)
-    }
-
-    /// Returns the indices of the components this has non-exclusive access to.
-    pub fn component_reads(&self) -> impl Iterator<Item = T> + '_ {
-        self.component_read_and_writes
-            .difference(&self.component_writes)
-            .map(T::get_sparse_set_index)
-    }
-
-    /// Returns the indices of the components this has exclusive access to.
-    pub fn component_writes(&self) -> impl Iterator<Item = T> + '_ {
-        self.component_writes.ones().map(T::get_sparse_set_index)
-    }
-
     /// Returns the indices of the components that this has an archetypal access to.
     ///
     /// These are components whose values are not accessed (and thus will never cause conflicts),
@@ -577,6 +740,40 @@ impl<T: SparseSetIndex> Access<T> {
     pub fn archetypal(&self) -> impl Iterator<Item = T> + '_ {
         self.archetypal.ones().map(T::get_sparse_set_index)
     }
+
+    /// Returns an iterator over the component IDs that this `Access` either
+    /// reads and writes or can't read or write.
+    ///
+    /// The returned flag specifies whether the list consists of the components
+    /// that the access *can* read or write (false) or whether the list consists
+    /// of the components that the access *can't* read or write (true).
+    ///
+    /// Because this method depends on internal implementation details of
+    /// `Access`, it's not recommended. Prefer to manage your own lists of
+    /// accessible components if your application needs to do that.
+    #[doc(hidden)]
+    #[deprecated]
+    pub fn component_reads_and_writes(&self) -> (impl Iterator<Item = T> + '_, bool) {
+        (
+            self.component_read_and_writes
+                .ones()
+                .map(T::get_sparse_set_index),
+            self.component_read_and_writes_inverted,
+        )
+    }
+
+    /// Returns an iterator over the component IDs that this `Access` either
+    /// writes or can't write.
+    ///
+    /// The returned flag specifies whether the list consists of the components
+    /// that the access *can* write (false) or whether the list consists of the
+    /// components that the access *can't* write (true).
+    pub(crate) fn component_writes(&self) -> (impl Iterator<Item = T> + '_, bool) {
+        (
+            self.component_writes.ones().map(T::get_sparse_set_index),
+            self.component_writes_inverted,
+        )
+    }
 }
 
 /// An [`Access`] that has been filtered to include and exclude certain combinations of elements.

crates/bevy_ecs/src/query/builder.rs

@@ -79,10 +79,14 @@ impl<'w, D: QueryData, F: QueryFilter> QueryBuilder<'w, D, F> {
                 .map_or(false, |info| info.storage_type() == StorageType::Table)
         };
 
-        self.access
+        #[allow(deprecated)]
-            .access()
+        let (mut component_reads_and_writes, component_reads_and_writes_inverted) =
-            .component_reads_and_writes()
+            self.access.access().component_reads_and_writes();
-            .all(is_dense)
+        if component_reads_and_writes_inverted {
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        component_reads_and_writes.all(is_dense)
             && self.access.access().archetypal().all(is_dense)
             && !self.access.access().has_read_all_components()
             && self.access.with_filters().all(is_dense)

crates/bevy_ecs/src/query/fetch.rs

@@ -1,17 +1,19 @@
 use crate::{
     archetype::{Archetype, Archetypes},
+    bundle::Bundle,
     change_detection::{MaybeThinSlicePtrLocation, Ticks, TicksMut},
     component::{Component, ComponentId, Components, StorageType, Tick},
     entity::{Entities, Entity, EntityLocation},
     query::{Access, DebugCheckedUnwrap, FilteredAccess, WorldQuery},
     storage::{ComponentSparseSet, Table, TableRow},
     world::{
-        unsafe_world_cell::UnsafeWorldCell, EntityMut, EntityRef, FilteredEntityMut,
+        unsafe_world_cell::UnsafeWorldCell, EntityMut, EntityMutExcept, EntityRef, EntityRefExcept,
-        FilteredEntityRef, Mut, Ref, World,
+        FilteredEntityMut, FilteredEntityRef, Mut, Ref, World,
     },
 };
 use bevy_ptr::{ThinSlicePtr, UnsafeCellDeref};
 use bevy_utils::all_tuples;
+use smallvec::SmallVec;
 use std::{cell::UnsafeCell, marker::PhantomData};
 
 /// Types that can be fetched from a [`World`] using a [`Query`].
@@ -626,27 +628,15 @@ unsafe impl<'a> WorldQuery for FilteredEntityRef<'a> {
     unsafe fn set_archetype<'w>(
         fetch: &mut Self::Fetch<'w>,
         state: &Self::State,
-        archetype: &'w Archetype,
+        _: &'w Archetype,
         _table: &Table,
     ) {
-        let mut access = Access::default();
+        fetch.1.clone_from(&state.access);
-        state.access.component_reads().for_each(|id| {
-            if archetype.contains(id) {
-                access.add_component_read(id);
-            }
-        });
-        fetch.1 = access;
     }
 
     #[inline]
-    unsafe fn set_table<'w>(fetch: &mut Self::Fetch<'w>, state: &Self::State, table: &'w Table) {
+    unsafe fn set_table<'w>(fetch: &mut Self::Fetch<'w>, state: &Self::State, _: &'w Table) {
-        let mut access = Access::default();
+        fetch.1.clone_from(&state.access);
-        state.access.component_reads().for_each(|id| {
-            if table.has_column(id) {
-                access.add_component_read(id);
-            }
-        });
-        fetch.1 = access;
     }
 
     #[inline]
@@ -733,37 +723,15 @@ unsafe impl<'a> WorldQuery for FilteredEntityMut<'a> {
     unsafe fn set_archetype<'w>(
         fetch: &mut Self::Fetch<'w>,
         state: &Self::State,
-        archetype: &'w Archetype,
+        _: &'w Archetype,
         _table: &Table,
     ) {
-        let mut access = Access::default();
+        fetch.1.clone_from(&state.access);
-        state.access.component_reads().for_each(|id| {
-            if archetype.contains(id) {
-                access.add_component_read(id);
-            }
-        });
-        state.access.component_writes().for_each(|id| {
-            if archetype.contains(id) {
-                access.add_component_write(id);
-            }
-        });
-        fetch.1 = access;
     }
 
     #[inline]
-    unsafe fn set_table<'w>(fetch: &mut Self::Fetch<'w>, state: &Self::State, table: &'w Table) {
+    unsafe fn set_table<'w>(fetch: &mut Self::Fetch<'w>, state: &Self::State, _: &'w Table) {
-        let mut access = Access::default();
+        fetch.1.clone_from(&state.access);
-        state.access.component_reads().for_each(|id| {
-            if table.has_column(id) {
-                access.add_component_read(id);
-            }
-        });
-        state.access.component_writes().for_each(|id| {
-            if table.has_column(id) {
-                access.add_component_write(id);
-            }
-        });
-        fetch.1 = access;
     }
 
     #[inline]
@@ -815,6 +783,201 @@ unsafe impl<'a> QueryData for FilteredEntityMut<'a> {
     type ReadOnly = FilteredEntityRef<'a>;
 }
 
+/// SAFETY: `EntityRefExcept` guards access to all components in the bundle `B`
+/// and populates `Access` values so that queries that conflict with this access
+/// are rejected.
+unsafe impl<'a, B> WorldQuery for EntityRefExcept<'a, B>
+where
+    B: Bundle,
+{
+    type Fetch<'w> = UnsafeWorldCell<'w>;
+    type Item<'w> = EntityRefExcept<'w, B>;
+    type State = SmallVec<[ComponentId; 4]>;
+
+    fn shrink<'wlong: 'wshort, 'wshort>(item: Self::Item<'wlong>) -> Self::Item<'wshort> {
+        item
+    }
+
+    fn shrink_fetch<'wlong: 'wshort, 'wshort>(fetch: Self::Fetch<'wlong>) -> Self::Fetch<'wshort> {
+        fetch
+    }
+
+    unsafe fn init_fetch<'w>(
+        world: UnsafeWorldCell<'w>,
+        _: &Self::State,
+        _: Tick,
+        _: Tick,
+    ) -> Self::Fetch<'w> {
+        world
+    }
+
+    const IS_DENSE: bool = true;
+
+    unsafe fn set_archetype<'w>(
+        _: &mut Self::Fetch<'w>,
+        _: &Self::State,
+        _: &'w Archetype,
+        _: &'w Table,
+    ) {
+    }
+
+    unsafe fn set_table<'w>(_: &mut Self::Fetch<'w>, _: &Self::State, _: &'w Table) {}
+
+    unsafe fn fetch<'w>(
+        world: &mut Self::Fetch<'w>,
+        entity: Entity,
+        _: TableRow,
+    ) -> Self::Item<'w> {
+        let cell = world.get_entity(entity).unwrap();
+        EntityRefExcept::new(cell)
+    }
+
+    fn update_component_access(
+        state: &Self::State,
+        filtered_access: &mut FilteredAccess<ComponentId>,
+    ) {
+        let mut my_access = Access::new();
+        my_access.read_all_components();
+        for id in state {
+            my_access.remove_component_read(*id);
+        }
+
+        let access = filtered_access.access_mut();
+        assert!(
+            access.is_compatible(&my_access),
+            "`EntityRefExcept<{}>` conflicts with a previous access in this query.",
+            std::any::type_name::<B>(),
+        );
+        access.extend(&my_access);
+    }
+
+    fn init_state(world: &mut World) -> Self::State {
+        Self::get_state(world.components()).unwrap()
+    }
+
+    fn get_state(components: &Components) -> Option<Self::State> {
+        let mut ids = SmallVec::new();
+        B::get_component_ids(components, &mut |maybe_id| {
+            if let Some(id) = maybe_id {
+                ids.push(id);
+            }
+        });
+        Some(ids)
+    }
+
+    fn matches_component_set(_: &Self::State, _: &impl Fn(ComponentId) -> bool) -> bool {
+        true
+    }
+}
+
+/// SAFETY: `Self` is the same as `Self::ReadOnly`.
+unsafe impl<'a, B> QueryData for EntityRefExcept<'a, B>
+where
+    B: Bundle,
+{
+    type ReadOnly = Self;
+}
+
+/// SAFETY: `EntityRefExcept` enforces read-only access to its contained
+/// components.
+unsafe impl<'a, B> ReadOnlyQueryData for EntityRefExcept<'a, B> where B: Bundle {}
+
+/// SAFETY: `EntityMutExcept` guards access to all components in the bundle `B`
+/// and populates `Access` values so that queries that conflict with this access
+/// are rejected.
+unsafe impl<'a, B> WorldQuery for EntityMutExcept<'a, B>
+where
+    B: Bundle,
+{
+    type Fetch<'w> = UnsafeWorldCell<'w>;
+    type Item<'w> = EntityMutExcept<'w, B>;
+    type State = SmallVec<[ComponentId; 4]>;
+
+    fn shrink<'wlong: 'wshort, 'wshort>(item: Self::Item<'wlong>) -> Self::Item<'wshort> {
+        item
+    }
+
+    fn shrink_fetch<'wlong: 'wshort, 'wshort>(fetch: Self::Fetch<'wlong>) -> Self::Fetch<'wshort> {
+        fetch
+    }
+
+    unsafe fn init_fetch<'w>(
+        world: UnsafeWorldCell<'w>,
+        _: &Self::State,
+        _: Tick,
+        _: Tick,
+    ) -> Self::Fetch<'w> {
+        world
+    }
+
+    const IS_DENSE: bool = true;
+
+    unsafe fn set_archetype<'w>(
+        _: &mut Self::Fetch<'w>,
+        _: &Self::State,
+        _: &'w Archetype,
+        _: &'w Table,
+    ) {
+    }
+
+    unsafe fn set_table<'w>(_: &mut Self::Fetch<'w>, _: &Self::State, _: &'w Table) {}
+
+    unsafe fn fetch<'w>(
+        world: &mut Self::Fetch<'w>,
+        entity: Entity,
+        _: TableRow,
+    ) -> Self::Item<'w> {
+        let cell = world.get_entity(entity).unwrap();
+        EntityMutExcept::new(cell)
+    }
+
+    fn update_component_access(
+        state: &Self::State,
+        filtered_access: &mut FilteredAccess<ComponentId>,
+    ) {
+        let mut my_access = Access::new();
+        my_access.write_all_components();
+        for id in state {
+            my_access.remove_component_read(*id);
+        }
+
+        let access = filtered_access.access_mut();
+        assert!(
+            access.is_compatible(&my_access),
+            "`EntityMutExcept<{}>` conflicts with a previous access in this query.",
+            std::any::type_name::<B>()
+        );
+        access.extend(&my_access);
+    }
+
+    fn init_state(world: &mut World) -> Self::State {
+        Self::get_state(world.components()).unwrap()
+    }
+
+    fn get_state(components: &Components) -> Option<Self::State> {
+        let mut ids = SmallVec::new();
+        B::get_component_ids(components, &mut |maybe_id| {
+            if let Some(id) = maybe_id {
+                ids.push(id);
+            }
+        });
+        Some(ids)
+    }
+
+    fn matches_component_set(_: &Self::State, _: &impl Fn(ComponentId) -> bool) -> bool {
+        true
+    }
+}
+
+/// SAFETY: All accesses that `EntityRefExcept` provides are also accesses that
+/// `EntityMutExcept` provides.
+unsafe impl<'a, B> QueryData for EntityMutExcept<'a, B>
+where
+    B: Bundle,
+{
+    type ReadOnly = EntityRefExcept<'a, B>;
+}
+
 /// SAFETY:
 /// `update_component_access` and `update_archetype_component_access` do nothing.
 /// This is sound because `fetch` does not access components.

crates/bevy_ecs/src/query/state.rs

@@ -508,22 +508,46 @@ impl<D: QueryData, F: QueryFilter> QueryState<D, F> {
         archetype: &Archetype,
         access: &mut Access<ArchetypeComponentId>,
     ) {
-        self.component_access
+        // As a fast path, we can iterate directly over the components involved
-            .access
+        // if the `access` isn't inverted.
-            .component_reads()
+        #[allow(deprecated)]
-            .for_each(|id| {
+        let (component_reads_and_writes, component_reads_and_writes_inverted) =
+            self.component_access.access.component_reads_and_writes();
+        let (component_writes, component_writes_inverted) =
+            self.component_access.access.component_writes();
+
+        if !component_reads_and_writes_inverted && !component_writes_inverted {
+            component_reads_and_writes.for_each(|id| {
                 if let Some(id) = archetype.get_archetype_component_id(id) {
                     access.add_component_read(id);
                 }
             });
-        self.component_access
+            component_writes.for_each(|id| {
-            .access
-            .component_writes()
-            .for_each(|id| {
                 if let Some(id) = archetype.get_archetype_component_id(id) {
                     access.add_component_write(id);
                 }
             });
+            return;
+        }
+
+        for (component_id, archetype_component_id) in
+            archetype.components_with_archetype_component_id()
+        {
+            if self
+                .component_access
+                .access
+                .has_component_read(component_id)
+            {
+                access.add_component_read(archetype_component_id);
+            }
+            if self
+                .component_access
+                .access
+                .has_component_write(component_id)
+            {
+                access.add_component_write(archetype_component_id);
+            }
+        }
     }
 
     /// Use this to transform a [`QueryState`] into a more generic [`QueryState`].

crates/bevy_ecs/src/system/mod.rs

@@ -1493,13 +1493,10 @@ mod tests {
         // set up system and verify its access is empty
         system.initialize(&mut world);
         system.update_archetype_component_access(world.as_unsafe_world_cell());
-        assert_eq!(
+        let archetype_component_access = system.archetype_component_access();
-            system
+        assert!(expected_ids
-                .archetype_component_access()
+            .iter()
-                .component_reads()
+            .all(|id| archetype_component_access.has_component_read(*id)));
-                .collect::<HashSet<_>>(),
-            expected_ids
-        );
 
         // add some entities with archetypes that should match and save their ids
         expected_ids.insert(
@@ -1523,13 +1520,10 @@ mod tests {
 
         // update system and verify its accesses are correct
         system.update_archetype_component_access(world.as_unsafe_world_cell());
-        assert_eq!(
+        let archetype_component_access = system.archetype_component_access();
-            system
+        assert!(expected_ids
-                .archetype_component_access()
+            .iter()
-                .component_reads()
+            .all(|id| archetype_component_access.has_component_read(*id)));
-                .collect::<HashSet<_>>(),
-            expected_ids
-        );
 
         // one more round
         expected_ids.insert(
@@ -1541,13 +1535,10 @@ mod tests {
         );
         world.spawn((A, B, D));
         system.update_archetype_component_access(world.as_unsafe_world_cell());
-        assert_eq!(
+        let archetype_component_access = system.archetype_component_access();
-            system
+        assert!(expected_ids
-                .archetype_component_access()
+            .iter()
-                .component_reads()
+            .all(|id| archetype_component_access.has_component_read(*id)));
-                .collect::<HashSet<_>>(),
-            expected_ids
-        );
     }
 
     #[test]

crates/bevy_ecs/src/world/entity_ref.rs

@@ -1927,12 +1927,6 @@ impl<'w> FilteredEntityRef<'w> {
         self.entity.archetype()
     }
 
-    /// Returns an iterator over the component ids that are accessed by self.
-    #[inline]
-    pub fn accessed_components(&self) -> impl Iterator<Item = ComponentId> + '_ {
-        self.access.component_reads_and_writes()
-    }
-
     /// Returns a reference to the underlying [`Access`].
     #[inline]
     pub fn access(&self) -> &Access<ComponentId> {
@@ -2184,12 +2178,6 @@ impl<'w> FilteredEntityMut<'w> {
         self.entity.archetype()
     }
 
-    /// Returns an iterator over the component ids that are accessed by self.
-    #[inline]
-    pub fn accessed_components(&self) -> impl Iterator<Item = ComponentId> + '_ {
-        self.access.component_reads_and_writes()
-    }
-
     /// Returns a reference to the underlying [`Access`].
     #[inline]
     pub fn access(&self) -> &Access<ComponentId> {
@@ -2384,6 +2372,180 @@ pub enum TryFromFilteredError {
     MissingWriteAllAccess,
 }
 
+/// Provides read-only access to a single entity and all its components, save
+/// for an explicitly-enumerated set.
+#[derive(Clone)]
+pub struct EntityRefExcept<'w, B>
+where
+    B: Bundle,
+{
+    entity: UnsafeEntityCell<'w>,
+    phantom: PhantomData<B>,
+}
+
+impl<'w, B> EntityRefExcept<'w, B>
+where
+    B: Bundle,
+{
+    pub(crate) unsafe fn new(entity: UnsafeEntityCell<'w>) -> Self {
+        Self {
+            entity,
+            phantom: PhantomData,
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Gets access to the component of type `C` for the current entity. Returns
+    /// `None` if the component doesn't have a component of that type or if the
+    /// type is one of the excluded components.
+    #[inline]
+    pub fn get<C>(&self) -> Option<&'w C>
+    where
+        C: Component,
+    {
+        let components = self.entity.world().components();
+        let id = components.component_id::<C>()?;
+        if bundle_contains_component::<B>(components, id) {
+            None
+        } else {
+            // SAFETY: We have read access for all components that weren't
+            // covered by the `contains` check above.
+            unsafe { self.entity.get() }
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Gets access to the component of type `C` for the current entity,
+    /// including change detection information. Returns `None` if the component
+    /// doesn't have a component of that type or if the type is one of the
+    /// excluded components.
+    #[inline]
+    pub fn get_ref<C>(&self) -> Option<Ref<'w, C>>
+    where
+        C: Component,
+    {
+        let components = self.entity.world().components();
+        let id = components.component_id::<C>()?;
+        if bundle_contains_component::<B>(components, id) {
+            None
+        } else {
+            // SAFETY: We have read access for all components that weren't
+            // covered by the `contains` check above.
+            unsafe { self.entity.get_ref() }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+impl<'a, B> From<&'a EntityMutExcept<'_, B>> for EntityRefExcept<'a, B>
+where
+    B: Bundle,
+{
+    fn from(entity_mut: &'a EntityMutExcept<'_, B>) -> Self {
+        // SAFETY: All accesses that `EntityRefExcept` provides are also
+        // accesses that `EntityMutExcept` provides.
+        unsafe { EntityRefExcept::new(entity_mut.entity) }
+    }
+}
+
+/// Provides mutable access to all components of an entity, with the exception
+/// of an explicit set.
+///
+/// This is a rather niche type that should only be used if you need access to
+/// *all* components of an entity, while still allowing you to consult other
+/// queries that might match entities that this query also matches. If you don't
+/// need access to all components, prefer a standard query with a
+/// [`crate::query::Without`] filter.
+#[derive(Clone)]
+pub struct EntityMutExcept<'w, B>
+where
+    B: Bundle,
+{
+    entity: UnsafeEntityCell<'w>,
+    phantom: PhantomData<B>,
+}
+
+impl<'w, B> EntityMutExcept<'w, B>
+where
+    B: Bundle,
+{
+    pub(crate) unsafe fn new(entity: UnsafeEntityCell<'w>) -> Self {
+        Self {
+            entity,
+            phantom: PhantomData,
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Returns a new instance with a shorter lifetime.
+    ///
+    /// This is useful if you have `&mut EntityMutExcept`, but you need
+    /// `EntityMutExcept`.
+    pub fn reborrow(&mut self) -> EntityMutExcept<'_, B> {
+        // SAFETY: We have exclusive access to the entire entity and the
+        // applicable components.
+        unsafe { Self::new(self.entity) }
+    }
+
+    /// Gets read-only access to all of the entity's components, except for the
+    /// ones in `CL`.
+    #[inline]
+    pub fn as_readonly(&self) -> EntityRefExcept<'_, B> {
+        EntityRefExcept::from(self)
+    }
+
+    /// Gets access to the component of type `C` for the current entity. Returns
+    /// `None` if the component doesn't have a component of that type or if the
+    /// type is one of the excluded components.
+    #[inline]
+    pub fn get<C>(&self) -> Option<&'_ C>
+    where
+        C: Component,
+    {
+        self.as_readonly().get()
+    }
+
+    /// Gets access to the component of type `C` for the current entity,
+    /// including change detection information. Returns `None` if the component
+    /// doesn't have a component of that type or if the type is one of the
+    /// excluded components.
+    #[inline]
+    pub fn get_ref<C>(&self) -> Option<Ref<'_, C>>
+    where
+        C: Component,
+    {
+        self.as_readonly().get_ref()
+    }
+
+    /// Gets mutable access to the component of type `C` for the current entity.
+    /// Returns `None` if the component doesn't have a component of that type or
+    /// if the type is one of the excluded components.
+    #[inline]
+    pub fn get_mut<C>(&mut self) -> Option<Mut<'_, C>>
+    where
+        C: Component,
+    {
+        let components = self.entity.world().components();
+        let id = components.component_id::<C>()?;
+        if bundle_contains_component::<B>(components, id) {
+            None
+        } else {
+            // SAFETY: We have write access for all components that weren't
+            // covered by the `contains` check above.
+            unsafe { self.entity.get_mut() }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+fn bundle_contains_component<B>(components: &Components, query_id: ComponentId) -> bool
+where
+    B: Bundle,
+{
+    let mut found = false;
+    B::get_component_ids(components, &mut |maybe_id| {
+        if let Some(id) = maybe_id {
+            found = found || id == query_id;
+        }
+    });
+    found
+}
+
 /// Inserts a dynamic [`Bundle`] into the entity.
 ///
 /// # Safety
@@ -2598,9 +2760,12 @@ mod tests {
     use bevy_ptr::OwningPtr;
     use std::panic::AssertUnwindSafe;
 
+    use crate::system::RunSystemOnce as _;
     use crate::world::{FilteredEntityMut, FilteredEntityRef};
     use crate::{self as bevy_ecs, component::ComponentId, prelude::*, system::assert_is_system};
 
+    use super::{EntityMutExcept, EntityRefExcept};
+
     #[test]
     fn sorted_remove() {
         let mut a = vec![1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7];
@@ -2993,6 +3158,164 @@ mod tests {
         world.spawn_empty().remove_by_id(test_component_id);
     }
 
+    /// Tests that components can be accessed through an `EntityRefExcept`.
+    #[test]
+    fn entity_ref_except() {
+        let mut world = World::new();
+        world.init_component::<TestComponent>();
+        world.init_component::<TestComponent2>();
+
+        world.spawn(TestComponent(0)).insert(TestComponent2(0));
+
+        let mut query = world.query::<EntityRefExcept<TestComponent>>();
+
+        let mut found = false;
+        for entity_ref in query.iter_mut(&mut world) {
+            found = true;
+            assert!(entity_ref.get::<TestComponent>().is_none());
+            assert!(entity_ref.get_ref::<TestComponent>().is_none());
+            assert!(matches!(
+                entity_ref.get::<TestComponent2>(),
+                Some(TestComponent2(0))
+            ));
+        }
+
+        assert!(found);
+    }
+
+    // Test that a single query can't both contain a mutable reference to a
+    // component C and an `EntityRefExcept` that doesn't include C among its
+    // exclusions.
+    #[test]
+    #[should_panic]
+    fn entity_ref_except_conflicts_with_self() {
+        let mut world = World::new();
+        world.spawn(TestComponent(0)).insert(TestComponent2(0));
+
+        // This should panic, because we have a mutable borrow on
+        // `TestComponent` but have a simultaneous indirect immutable borrow on
+        // that component via `EntityRefExcept`.
+        world.run_system_once(system);
+
+        fn system(_: Query<(&mut TestComponent, EntityRefExcept<TestComponent2>)>) {}
+    }
+
+    // Test that an `EntityRefExcept` that doesn't include a component C among
+    // its exclusions can't coexist with a mutable query for that component.
+    #[test]
+    #[should_panic]
+    fn entity_ref_except_conflicts_with_other() {
+        let mut world = World::new();
+        world.spawn(TestComponent(0)).insert(TestComponent2(0));
+
+        // This should panic, because we have a mutable borrow on
+        // `TestComponent` but have a simultaneous indirect immutable borrow on
+        // that component via `EntityRefExcept`.
+        world.run_system_once(system);
+
+        fn system(_: Query<&mut TestComponent>, _: Query<EntityRefExcept<TestComponent2>>) {}
+    }
+
+    // Test that an `EntityRefExcept` with an exception for some component C can
+    // coexist with a query for that component C.
+    #[test]
+    fn entity_ref_except_doesnt_conflict() {
+        let mut world = World::new();
+        world.spawn(TestComponent(0)).insert(TestComponent2(0));
+
+        world.run_system_once(system);
+
+        fn system(_: Query<&mut TestComponent>, query: Query<EntityRefExcept<TestComponent>>) {
+            for entity_ref in query.iter() {
+                assert!(matches!(
+                    entity_ref.get::<TestComponent2>(),
+                    Some(TestComponent2(0))
+                ));
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Tests that components can be mutably accessed through an
+    /// `EntityMutExcept`.
+    #[test]
+    fn entity_mut_except() {
+        let mut world = World::new();
+        world.spawn(TestComponent(0)).insert(TestComponent2(0));
+
+        let mut query = world.query::<EntityMutExcept<TestComponent>>();
+
+        let mut found = false;
+        for mut entity_mut in query.iter_mut(&mut world) {
+            found = true;
+            assert!(entity_mut.get::<TestComponent>().is_none());
+            assert!(entity_mut.get_ref::<TestComponent>().is_none());
+            assert!(entity_mut.get_mut::<TestComponent>().is_none());
+            assert!(matches!(
+                entity_mut.get::<TestComponent2>(),
+                Some(TestComponent2(0))
+            ));
+        }
+
+        assert!(found);
+    }
+
+    // Test that a single query can't both contain a mutable reference to a
+    // component C and an `EntityMutExcept` that doesn't include C among its
+    // exclusions.
+    #[test]
+    #[should_panic]
+    fn entity_mut_except_conflicts_with_self() {
+        let mut world = World::new();
+        world.spawn(TestComponent(0)).insert(TestComponent2(0));
+
+        // This should panic, because we have a mutable borrow on
+        // `TestComponent` but have a simultaneous indirect immutable borrow on
+        // that component via `EntityRefExcept`.
+        world.run_system_once(system);
+
+        fn system(_: Query<(&mut TestComponent, EntityMutExcept<TestComponent2>)>) {}
+    }
+
+    // Test that an `EntityMutExcept` that doesn't include a component C among
+    // its exclusions can't coexist with a query for that component.
+    #[test]
+    #[should_panic]
+    fn entity_mut_except_conflicts_with_other() {
+        let mut world = World::new();
+        world.spawn(TestComponent(0)).insert(TestComponent2(0));
+
+        // This should panic, because we have a mutable borrow on
+        // `TestComponent` but have a simultaneous indirect immutable borrow on
+        // that component via `EntityRefExcept`.
+        world.run_system_once(system);
+
+        fn system(_: Query<&mut TestComponent>, mut query: Query<EntityMutExcept<TestComponent2>>) {
+            for mut entity_mut in query.iter_mut() {
+                assert!(entity_mut
+                    .get_mut::<TestComponent2>()
+                    .is_some_and(|component| component.0 == 0));
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Test that an `EntityMutExcept` with an exception for some component C can
+    // coexist with a query for that component C.
+    #[test]
+    fn entity_mut_except_doesnt_conflict() {
+        let mut world = World::new();
+        world.spawn(TestComponent(0)).insert(TestComponent2(0));
+
+        world.run_system_once(system);
+
+        fn system(_: Query<&mut TestComponent>, mut query: Query<EntityMutExcept<TestComponent>>) {
+            for mut entity_mut in query.iter_mut() {
+                assert!(entity_mut
+                    .get_mut::<TestComponent2>()
+                    .is_some_and(|component| component.0 == 0));
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
     #[derive(Component)]
     struct A;
 

crates/bevy_ecs/src/world/mod.rs

@@ -19,8 +19,8 @@ pub use crate::{
 pub use component_constants::*;
 pub use deferred_world::DeferredWorld;
 pub use entity_ref::{
-    EntityMut, EntityRef, EntityWorldMut, Entry, FilteredEntityMut, FilteredEntityRef,
+    EntityMut, EntityMutExcept, EntityRef, EntityRefExcept, EntityWorldMut, Entry,
-    OccupiedEntry, VacantEntry,
+    FilteredEntityMut, FilteredEntityRef, OccupiedEntry, VacantEntry,
 };
 pub use identifier::WorldId;
 pub use spawn_batch::*;

examples/ecs/dynamic.rs

@@ -150,8 +150,11 @@ fn main() {
                 let mut query = builder.build();
 
                 query.iter_mut(&mut world).for_each(|filtered_entity| {
+                    #[allow(deprecated)]
                     let terms = filtered_entity
-                        .accessed_components()
+                        .access()
+                        .component_reads_and_writes()
+                        .0
                         .map(|id| {
                             let ptr = filtered_entity.get_by_id(id).unwrap();
                             let info = component_info.get(&id).unwrap();