Tone.js/Tone/component/envelope/Envelope.ts
2020-07-26 13:55:06 -07:00

623 lines
17 KiB
TypeScript

import { InputNode, OutputNode } from "../../core/context/ToneAudioNode";
import { ToneAudioNode, ToneAudioNodeOptions } from "../../core/context/ToneAudioNode";
import { NormalRange, Time } from "../../core/type/Units";
import { optionsFromArguments } from "../../core/util/Defaults";
import { isArray, isObject, isString } from "../../core/util/TypeCheck";
import { connectSignal, Signal } from "../../signal/Signal";
import { OfflineContext } from "../../core/context/OfflineContext";
import { assert } from "../../core/util/Debug";
import { range, timeRange } from "../../core/util/Decorator";
type BasicEnvelopeCurve = "linear" | "exponential";
type InternalEnvelopeCurve = BasicEnvelopeCurve | number[];
export type EnvelopeCurve = EnvelopeCurveName | number[];
export interface EnvelopeOptions extends ToneAudioNodeOptions {
attack: Time;
decay: Time;
sustain: NormalRange;
release: Time;
attackCurve: EnvelopeCurve;
releaseCurve: EnvelopeCurve;
decayCurve: BasicEnvelopeCurve;
}
/**
* Envelope is an [ADSR](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Synthesizer#ADSR_envelope)
* envelope generator. Envelope outputs a signal which
* can be connected to an AudioParam or Tone.Signal.
* ```
* /\
* / \
* / \
* / \
* / \___________
* / \
* / \
* / \
* / \
* ```
* @example
* return Tone.Offline(() => {
* const env = new Tone.Envelope({
* attack: 0.1,
* decay: 0.2,
* sustain: 0.5,
* release: 0.8,
* }).toDestination();
* env.triggerAttackRelease(0.5);
* }, 1.5, 1);
* @category Component
*/
export class Envelope extends ToneAudioNode<EnvelopeOptions> {
readonly name: string = "Envelope";
/**
* When triggerAttack is called, the attack time is the amount of
* time it takes for the envelope to reach it's maximum value.
* ```
* /\
* /X \
* /XX \
* /XXX \
* /XXXX \___________
* /XXXXX \
* /XXXXXX \
* /XXXXXXX \
* /XXXXXXXX \
* ```
* @min 0
* @max 2
*/
@timeRange(0)
attack: Time;
/**
* After the attack portion of the envelope, the value will fall
* over the duration of the decay time to it's sustain value.
* ```
* /\
* / X\
* / XX\
* / XXX\
* / XXXX\___________
* / XXXXX \
* / XXXXX \
* / XXXXX \
* / XXXXX \
* ```
* @min 0
* @max 2
*/
@timeRange(0)
decay: Time;
/**
* The sustain value is the value
* which the envelope rests at after triggerAttack is
* called, but before triggerRelease is invoked.
* ```
* /\
* / \
* / \
* / \
* / \___________
* / XXXXXXXXXXX\
* / XXXXXXXXXXX \
* / XXXXXXXXXXX \
* / XXXXXXXXXXX \
* ```
*/
@range(0, 1)
sustain: NormalRange;
/**
* After triggerRelease is called, the envelope's
* value will fall to it's miminum value over the
* duration of the release time.
* ```
* /\
* / \
* / \
* / \
* / \___________
* / X\
* / XX\
* / XXX\
* / XXXX\
* ```
* @min 0
* @max 5
*/
@timeRange(0)
release: Time;
/**
* The automation curve type for the attack
*/
private _attackCurve!: InternalEnvelopeCurve;
/**
* The automation curve type for the decay
*/
private _decayCurve!: BasicEnvelopeCurve;
/**
* The automation curve type for the release
*/
private _releaseCurve!: InternalEnvelopeCurve;
/**
* the signal which is output.
*/
protected _sig: Signal<"normalRange"> = new Signal({
context: this.context,
value: 0,
});
/**
* The output signal of the envelope
*/
output: OutputNode = this._sig;
/**
* Envelope has no input
*/
input: InputNode | undefined = undefined;
/**
* @param attack The amount of time it takes for the envelope to go from
* 0 to it's maximum value.
* @param decay The period of time after the attack that it takes for the envelope
* to fall to the sustain value. Value must be greater than 0.
* @param sustain The percent of the maximum value that the envelope rests at until
* the release is triggered.
* @param release The amount of time after the release is triggered it takes to reach 0.
* Value must be greater than 0.
*/
constructor(attack?: Time, decay?: Time, sustain?: NormalRange, release?: Time);
constructor(options?: Partial<EnvelopeOptions>)
constructor() {
super(optionsFromArguments(Envelope.getDefaults(), arguments, ["attack", "decay", "sustain", "release"]));
const options = optionsFromArguments(Envelope.getDefaults(), arguments, ["attack", "decay", "sustain", "release"]);
this.attack = options.attack;
this.decay = options.decay;
this.sustain = options.sustain;
this.release = options.release;
this.attackCurve = options.attackCurve;
this.releaseCurve = options.releaseCurve;
this.decayCurve = options.decayCurve;
}
static getDefaults(): EnvelopeOptions {
return Object.assign(ToneAudioNode.getDefaults(), {
attack: 0.01,
attackCurve: "linear" as EnvelopeCurveName,
decay: 0.1,
decayCurve: "exponential" as BasicEnvelopeCurve,
release: 1,
releaseCurve: "exponential" as EnvelopeCurveName,
sustain: 0.5,
});
}
/**
* Read the current value of the envelope. Useful for
* synchronizing visual output to the envelope.
*/
get value(): NormalRange {
return this.getValueAtTime(this.now());
}
/**
* Get the curve
* @param curve
* @param direction In/Out
* @return The curve name
*/
private _getCurve(curve: InternalEnvelopeCurve, direction: EnvelopeDirection): EnvelopeCurve {
if (isString(curve)) {
return curve;
} else {
// look up the name in the curves array
let curveName: EnvelopeCurveName;
for (curveName in EnvelopeCurves) {
if (EnvelopeCurves[curveName][direction] === curve) {
return curveName;
}
}
// return the custom curve
return curve;
}
}
/**
* Assign a the curve to the given name using the direction
* @param name
* @param direction In/Out
* @param curve
*/
private _setCurve(
name: "_attackCurve" | "_decayCurve" | "_releaseCurve",
direction: EnvelopeDirection,
curve: EnvelopeCurve,
): void {
// check if it's a valid type
if (isString(curve) && Reflect.has(EnvelopeCurves, curve)) {
const curveDef = EnvelopeCurves[curve];
if (isObject(curveDef)) {
if (name !== "_decayCurve") {
this[name] = curveDef[direction];
}
} else {
this[name] = curveDef;
}
} else if (isArray(curve) && name !== "_decayCurve") {
this[name] = curve;
} else {
throw new Error("Envelope: invalid curve: " + curve);
}
}
/**
* The shape of the attack.
* Can be any of these strings:
* * "linear"
* * "exponential"
* * "sine"
* * "cosine"
* * "bounce"
* * "ripple"
* * "step"
*
* Can also be an array which describes the curve. Values
* in the array are evenly subdivided and linearly
* interpolated over the duration of the attack.
* @example
* return Tone.Offline(() => {
* const env = new Tone.Envelope(0.4).toDestination();
* env.attackCurve = "linear";
* env.triggerAttack();
* }, 1, 1);
*/
get attackCurve(): EnvelopeCurve {
return this._getCurve(this._attackCurve, "In");
}
set attackCurve(curve) {
this._setCurve("_attackCurve", "In", curve);
}
/**
* The shape of the release. See the attack curve types.
* @example
* return Tone.Offline(() => {
* const env = new Tone.Envelope({
* release: 0.8
* }).toDestination();
* env.triggerAttack();
* // release curve could also be defined by an array
* env.releaseCurve = [1, 0.3, 0.4, 0.2, 0.7, 0];
* env.triggerRelease(0.2);
* }, 1, 1);
*/
get releaseCurve(): EnvelopeCurve {
return this._getCurve(this._releaseCurve, "Out");
}
set releaseCurve(curve) {
this._setCurve("_releaseCurve", "Out", curve);
}
/**
* The shape of the decay either "linear" or "exponential"
* @example
* return Tone.Offline(() => {
* const env = new Tone.Envelope({
* sustain: 0.1,
* decay: 0.5
* }).toDestination();
* env.decayCurve = "linear";
* env.triggerAttack();
* }, 1, 1);
*/
get decayCurve(): BasicEnvelopeCurve {
return this._decayCurve;
}
set decayCurve(curve) {
assert(["linear", "exponential"].some(c => c === curve), `Invalid envelope curve: ${curve}`);
this._decayCurve = curve;
}
/**
* Trigger the attack/decay portion of the ADSR envelope.
* @param time When the attack should start.
* @param velocity The velocity of the envelope scales the vales.
* number between 0-1
* @example
* const env = new Tone.AmplitudeEnvelope().toDestination();
* const osc = new Tone.Oscillator().connect(env).start();
* // trigger the attack 0.5 seconds from now with a velocity of 0.2
* env.triggerAttack("+0.5", 0.2);
*/
triggerAttack(time?: Time, velocity: NormalRange = 1): this {
this.log("triggerAttack", time, velocity);
time = this.toSeconds(time);
const originalAttack = this.toSeconds(this.attack);
let attack = originalAttack;
const decay = this.toSeconds(this.decay);
// check if it's not a complete attack
const currentValue = this.getValueAtTime(time);
if (currentValue > 0) {
// subtract the current value from the attack time
const attackRate = 1 / attack;
const remainingDistance = 1 - currentValue;
// the attack is now the remaining time
attack = remainingDistance / attackRate;
}
// attack
if (attack < this.sampleTime) {
this._sig.cancelScheduledValues(time);
// case where the attack time is 0 should set instantly
this._sig.setValueAtTime(velocity, time);
} else if (this._attackCurve === "linear") {
this._sig.linearRampTo(velocity, attack, time);
} else if (this._attackCurve === "exponential") {
this._sig.targetRampTo(velocity, attack, time);
} else {
this._sig.cancelAndHoldAtTime(time);
let curve = this._attackCurve;
// find the starting position in the curve
for (let i = 1; i < curve.length; i++) {
// the starting index is between the two values
if (curve[i - 1] <= currentValue && currentValue <= curve[i]) {
curve = this._attackCurve.slice(i);
// the first index is the current value
curve[0] = currentValue;
break;
}
}
this._sig.setValueCurveAtTime(curve, time, attack, velocity);
}
// decay
if (decay && this.sustain < 1) {
const decayValue = velocity * this.sustain;
const decayStart = time + attack;
this.log("decay", decayStart);
if (this._decayCurve === "linear") {
this._sig.linearRampToValueAtTime(decayValue, decay + decayStart);
} else {
this._sig.exponentialApproachValueAtTime(decayValue, decayStart, decay);
}
}
return this;
}
/**
* Triggers the release of the envelope.
* @param time When the release portion of the envelope should start.
* @example
* const env = new Tone.AmplitudeEnvelope().toDestination();
* const osc = new Tone.Oscillator({
* type: "sawtooth"
* }).connect(env).start();
* env.triggerAttack();
* // trigger the release half a second after the attack
* env.triggerRelease("+0.5");
*/
triggerRelease(time?: Time): this {
this.log("triggerRelease", time);
time = this.toSeconds(time);
const currentValue = this.getValueAtTime(time);
if (currentValue > 0) {
const release = this.toSeconds(this.release);
if (release < this.sampleTime) {
this._sig.setValueAtTime(0, time);
} else if (this._releaseCurve === "linear") {
this._sig.linearRampTo(0, release, time);
} else if (this._releaseCurve === "exponential") {
this._sig.targetRampTo(0, release, time);
} else {
assert(isArray(this._releaseCurve), "releaseCurve must be either 'linear', 'exponential' or an array");
this._sig.cancelAndHoldAtTime(time);
this._sig.setValueCurveAtTime(this._releaseCurve, time, release, currentValue);
}
}
return this;
}
/**
* Get the scheduled value at the given time. This will
* return the unconverted (raw) value.
* @example
* const env = new Tone.Envelope(0.5, 1, 0.4, 2);
* env.triggerAttackRelease(2);
* setInterval(() => console.log(env.getValueAtTime), 100);
*/
getValueAtTime(time: Time): NormalRange {
return this._sig.getValueAtTime(time);
}
/**
* triggerAttackRelease is shorthand for triggerAttack, then waiting
* some duration, then triggerRelease.
* @param duration The duration of the sustain.
* @param time When the attack should be triggered.
* @param velocity The velocity of the envelope.
* @example
* const env = new Tone.AmplitudeEnvelope().toDestination();
* const osc = new Tone.Oscillator().connect(env).start();
* // trigger the release 0.5 seconds after the attack
* env.triggerAttackRelease(0.5);
*/
triggerAttackRelease(duration: Time, time?: Time, velocity: NormalRange = 1): this {
time = this.toSeconds(time);
this.triggerAttack(time, velocity);
this.triggerRelease(time + this.toSeconds(duration));
return this;
}
/**
* Cancels all scheduled envelope changes after the given time.
*/
cancel(after?: Time): this {
this._sig.cancelScheduledValues(this.toSeconds(after));
return this;
}
/**
* Connect the envelope to a destination node.
*/
connect(destination: InputNode, outputNumber = 0, inputNumber = 0): this {
connectSignal(this, destination, outputNumber, inputNumber);
return this;
}
/**
* Render the envelope curve to an array of the given length.
* Good for visualizing the envelope curve. Rescales the duration of the
* envelope to fit the length.
*/
async asArray(length = 1024): Promise<Float32Array> {
const duration = length / this.context.sampleRate;
const context = new OfflineContext(1, duration, this.context.sampleRate);
// normalize the ADSR for the given duration with 20% sustain time
const attackPortion = this.toSeconds(this.attack) + this.toSeconds(this.decay);
const envelopeDuration = attackPortion + this.toSeconds(this.release);
const sustainTime = envelopeDuration * 0.1;
const totalDuration = envelopeDuration + sustainTime;
// @ts-ignore
const clone = new this.constructor(Object.assign(this.get(), {
attack: duration * this.toSeconds(this.attack) / totalDuration,
decay: duration * this.toSeconds(this.decay) / totalDuration,
release: duration * this.toSeconds(this.release) / totalDuration,
context
})) as Envelope;
clone._sig.toDestination();
clone.triggerAttackRelease(duration * (attackPortion + sustainTime) / totalDuration, 0);
const buffer = await context.render();
return buffer.getChannelData(0);
}
dispose(): this {
super.dispose();
this._sig.dispose();
return this;
}
}
interface EnvelopeCurveObject {
In: number[];
Out: number[];
}
type EnvelopeDirection = keyof EnvelopeCurveObject;
interface EnvelopeCurveMap {
linear: "linear";
exponential: "exponential";
bounce: EnvelopeCurveObject;
cosine: EnvelopeCurveObject;
sine: EnvelopeCurveObject;
ripple: EnvelopeCurveObject;
step: EnvelopeCurveObject;
}
type EnvelopeCurveName = keyof EnvelopeCurveMap;
/**
* Generate some complex envelope curves.
*/
const EnvelopeCurves: EnvelopeCurveMap = (() => {
const curveLen = 128;
let i: number;
let k: number;
// cosine curve
const cosineCurve: number[] = [];
for (i = 0; i < curveLen; i++) {
cosineCurve[i] = Math.sin((i / (curveLen - 1)) * (Math.PI / 2));
}
// ripple curve
const rippleCurve: number[] = [];
const rippleCurveFreq = 6.4;
for (i = 0; i < curveLen - 1; i++) {
k = (i / (curveLen - 1));
const sineWave = Math.sin(k * (Math.PI * 2) * rippleCurveFreq - Math.PI / 2) + 1;
rippleCurve[i] = sineWave / 10 + k * 0.83;
}
rippleCurve[curveLen - 1] = 1;
// stairs curve
const stairsCurve: number[] = [];
const steps = 5;
for (i = 0; i < curveLen; i++) {
stairsCurve[i] = Math.ceil((i / (curveLen - 1)) * steps) / steps;
}
// in-out easing curve
const sineCurve: number[] = [];
for (i = 0; i < curveLen; i++) {
k = i / (curveLen - 1);
sineCurve[i] = 0.5 * (1 - Math.cos(Math.PI * k));
}
// a bounce curve
const bounceCurve: number[] = [];
for (i = 0; i < curveLen; i++) {
k = i / (curveLen - 1);
const freq = Math.pow(k, 3) * 4 + 0.2;
const val = Math.cos(freq * Math.PI * 2 * k);
bounceCurve[i] = Math.abs(val * (1 - k));
}
/**
* Invert a value curve to make it work for the release
*/
function invertCurve(curve: number[]): number[] {
const out = new Array(curve.length);
for (let j = 0; j < curve.length; j++) {
out[j] = 1 - curve[j];
}
return out;
}
/**
* reverse the curve
*/
function reverseCurve(curve: number[]): number[] {
return curve.slice(0).reverse();
}
/**
* attack and release curve arrays
*/
return {
bounce: {
In: invertCurve(bounceCurve),
Out: bounceCurve,
},
cosine: {
In: cosineCurve,
Out: reverseCurve(cosineCurve),
},
exponential: "exponential" as "exponential",
linear: "linear" as "linear",
ripple: {
In: rippleCurve,
Out: invertCurve(rippleCurve),
},
sine: {
In: sineCurve,
Out: invertCurve(sineCurve),
},
step: {
In: stairsCurve,
Out: invertCurve(stairsCurve),
},
};
})();