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HackTheBox/Monteverde.md
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HackTheBox/Monteverde.md
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# HackTheBox - Monteverde
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## NMAP
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```bash
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PORT STATE SERVICE VERSION
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53/tcp open domain?
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| fingerprint-strings:
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| DNSVersionBindReqTCP:
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| version
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|_ bind
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88/tcp open kerberos-sec Microsoft Windows Kerberos (server time: 2021-12-11 11:29:48Z)
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135/tcp open msrpc Microsoft Windows RPC
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139/tcp open netbios-ssn Microsoft Windows netbios-ssn
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389/tcp open ldap Microsoft Windows Active Directory LDAP (Domain: MEGABANK.LOCAL0., Site: Default-First-Site-Name)
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445/tcp open microsoft-ds?
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464/tcp open kpasswd5?
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593/tcp open ncacn_http Microsoft Windows RPC over HTTP 1.0
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636/tcp open tcpwrapped
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3268/tcp open ldap Microsoft Windows Active Directory LDAP (Domain: MEGABANK.LOCAL0., Site: Default-First-Site-Name)
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3269/tcp open tcpwrapped
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5985/tcp open http Microsoft HTTPAPI httpd 2.0 (SSDP/UPnP)
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|_http-server-header: Microsoft-HTTPAPI/2.0
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|_http-title: Not Found
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9389/tcp open mc-nmf .NET Message Framing
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49667/tcp open msrpc Microsoft Windows RPC
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49673/tcp open ncacn_http Microsoft Windows RPC over HTTP 1.0
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49674/tcp open msrpc Microsoft Windows RPC
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49676/tcp open msrpc Microsoft Windows RPC
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49696/tcp open msrpc Microsoft Windows RPC
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59490/tcp open msrpc Microsoft Windows RPC
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Host script results:
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|_clock-skew: -1s
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| smb2-security-mode:
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| 2.02:
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|_ Message signing enabled and required
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| smb2-time:
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| date: 2021-12-11T11:32:09
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|_ start_date: N/A
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NSE: Script Post-scanning.
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```
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From the nmap scan we can see that port 88 is open which is used by kerberos so this machine is an active directory machine
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## PORT 139/445 (SMB)
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We can try to see if we can login to smb share through unauthenticated user
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<img src="https://i.imgur.com/uLMLvqY.png"/>
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We were logged in but don't see any share so moving on , we can try to use `enum4linux` or `windapsearch` which can enumerate users from `LDAP` queries, from the nmap scan we can find the domain name which is `MEGABANK.local` so put that in `/etc/hosts` file
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<img src="https://i.imgur.com/ascUJe4.png"/>
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This will list service accounts and domain users, let's try doing it with enum4linux-ng
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<img src="https://i.imgur.com/AovizRf.png"/>
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Now this tool provides us better results so I'll go with this and note the usernames in a text file
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<img src="https://i.imgur.com/JLz21lM.png"/>
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<img src="https://i.imgur.com/uwyRAg7.png"/>'
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Next I tried to see which users have pre-authentication disabled on them so I can get a hash of the user account
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```bash
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python3 GetNPUsers.py -dc-ip 10.10.10.172 MEGABANK.local/arz -usersfile ~/Notes/CTFs/HTB/Medium/Monteverde/users.txt
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```
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<img src="https://i.imgur.com/ExajSLn.png"/>
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But we didn't had any luck doing AS-REP roasting , next we could try some common passowrds and brute force it against smb , I created a list of common passwords
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```
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12345678
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admin
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dgalanos
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roleary
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smorgan
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password
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password123
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Password
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Password123
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1234567
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```
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<img src="https://i.imgur.com/mxUfCRV.png"/>
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But it didn't work , so I tried to use the usernames as a password list
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<img src="https://i.imgur.com/88g93wf.png"/>
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And this found as a valid username and password for smb , so I tried it on winrm to see if I can get a shell and sadly they weren't valid for winrm
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<img src="https://i.imgur.com/7DDNerC.png"/>
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<img src="https://i.imgur.com/cAS3Z7A.png"/>
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We have read access to `azure_uploads` but it was emtpy
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<img src="https://i.imgur.com/GdqKo7l.png"/>
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## Foothold
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Checking the `users$` share we see a `azure.xml` file in `mhope` 's directory
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<img src="https://i.imgur.com/fthQiHp.png"/>
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On reading the xml we can find a clear text password
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<img src="https://i.imgur.com/09tY5r0.png"/>
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So let's run crackmapexec again to see if we got the correct password
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<img src="https://i.imgur.com/bx9HE1a.png"/>
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Using `evil-winrm` we can use that to login over winrm , after logging in we can see that this user is in `Azure Admins` group
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<img src="https://i.imgur.com/ZiXIvSO.png"/>
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Upload `Sharphound.ps1` file which is used for collecting information of AD and then using that info we can enumerate the AD using `bloodhound`
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<img src="https://i.imgur.com/IO39L01.png"/>
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```powershell
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Invoke-Bloodhound -CollectionMethod All -Domain MEGABANK.local -ZipFileName loot.zip
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```
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<img src="https://i.imgur.com/hcYJRf3.png"/>
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We can download this archive file by using evil-winrm's download function in which we have to provide absolute path of the file
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<img src="https://i.imgur.com/euT3S5F.png"/>
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Now let's launch `neo4j console` and `bloodhound` , import the json files that you get after extracting the archive
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<img src="https://i.imgur.com/s4wygU1.png"/>
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Running any one of the built-in queries to see if data is actually loaded
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<img src="https://i.imgur.com/pW0YTB0.png"/>
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But here I didn't find anything that would help me escalate privileges
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<img src="https://i.imgur.com/eRY82TY.png"/>
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## Privilege Escalation
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Now remeber that we saw mhope was in Azure admins group so maybe we have to abuse that ,searching of Azure AD related exploit I found an article which would exploit the database and give us the plaintext password
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<img src="https://i.imgur.com/BwbZJTG.png"/>
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Download the executable for this exploit from here
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https://github.com/VbScrub/AdSyncDecrypt/releases
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<img src="https://i.imgur.com/jdBsHAp.png"/>
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And now uploading the exe and the dll file , in order to run this we need to be in this location `C:\Program Files\Microsoft Azure AD Sync\Bin` and from here execute the exe (doesn't matter where we upload it)
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<img src="https://i.imgur.com/EANqNET.png"/>
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<img src="https://i.imgur.com/64O8bgU.png"/>
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This gives us the adminstrator's password
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<img src="https://i.imgur.com/oZk1HoM.png"/>
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We can then further extract user hashes
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<img src="https://i.imgur.com/HJAqL8C.png"/>
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## References
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https://vbscrub.com/2020/01/14/azure-ad-connect-database-exploit-priv-esc/
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```
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SABatchJobs:SABatchJobs
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smbclient -U 'SABatchJobs' \\\\10.10.10.172\\azure_uploads
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smbclient -U SABatchJobs -L \\\\10.10.10.172\
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```
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Administrator:d0m@in4dminyeah!
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